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PART II. 



MATTHEW ROBINSON, 



Hinc lucem et pocula sacra. 




PRINTED FOR THE EDITOR AT THE TTN-IVERSITY PRESS, 
AND SOLD BY MACMILLAN & CO. 



1856. 



" Was dii ererht von deinen Vdtern hast, 
Erwirh es, um es zu hesitzen." 

Goethe. 



AUTOBIOGEAPHY 



OF 



. MATTHEW ROBINSON. 



|iafo fot tVxtti foitlj llbstratbiis 



BY 



J. E. B. MAYOR, M.A. 

FELLOW AND ASSISTA>fT TUTOR OF ST. JOEN'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE. 



PRINTED FOR THE EDITOR AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 
AND SOLD BY MACMILLAN & CO. 

1856. 






"Let any one bethink him how impressive the sm,aUest historical fact may 
become, as contrasted with the grandest fictitious event ; lohat an incalculable 
force lies for us in this consideration : The Thing which I here hold imaged 
in my mind did actually occur ; was, in very truth, an element in the system 
of the All, whereof I too form part ; had therefore, and has, through all 
time, an authentic being; is not a dream, but a reality! " 

Carlyle's Miscellanies, iii. 11. 



*'J)er pedantische Stubengelehrte istfreilich keine sonderlich ansprechende 
Erschdnung, nichts desto weniger aber hann dock die tiichtige Wissenschaft 
solcher Arbeit^ nicht enfbehren, und wir werden es bald empjijiden, tvie 
missUch es ist, doss sie unter tins so gar selten zu iverden anfangen. Es ist 
leicht, ubei' die Pedanterei der Buchergelehrten zu spotten ; aber man darf 
nicht vergessen, doss tausend Binge, die nun einmal in der Wissenschaft, 
trenn sie ausder Stelle kommen soil, schlechterdings gethan werden mussen, 
eben nur auf pedantische Weise gethan werdeti konnen. Sind solche Binge 
einmal durch den muTiseligen Fleiss des in der Liebe zu seiner Bisciplin ebenso 
unverdrossenen ivie anspruchslosen Mannes ausgefiihrt, der sich weder 
schamt noch scheut, der Herrin, der er sich gewdht, wo es grade Noth thut, 
auch eigentlicheKnechtsdienste zu Uisten : dann konnen die andem leicht sich 
vom Biicherstaub rein erhalten, und wahrend sie jenem nicht mehr als ein 
vornehmes Lacheln gonnen, mit eleganter Manier die Resultate benutzen fiir 



ihre vielgepriesenen geistreichen ScMpfungen. Woran sie auch, von 'dem 
sehr iibel angebrachten Hochmuth ahgesehen, ganz recht thim. Die Stimm- 
fiihrer unsrer Tage wissen nicht, was sie ivollen mit ihrem Geschrei gegen 
die ivenigen Gelehrten, die noch hei der alien Weise ihres Berufs hleihen. Es 
ist hochst unhillig, v)enn dem Gelehrten zugemuthet ivird, dass er sich 
unmittelbar hetheilige hei dem Getreibe des Tages?e&e^ und der Tagesfragen. 
Er kann diess nicht, wenn er seine eigenthUnUicheAufgabeernstUch betreiben 
will. Jeder leiste das Seinige I Muthct doch der Gclchrte von Fach den 
Andern nicht zu, Sttibensitzer zu sein. Er aber ist seinem Begriff zufolge in 
einem gewissen Sinne Stubengelehrter. Die Interessen, welche die Zeit be- 
wegen, kann er nichts desto weniger auf das lebhafteste theilen, und Mr sie 
mit Aufopferung thatig sein. Die Studirstube ist fur ihn der feste Pimkt, 
von dem aus er den Hebel anlegt, um die Welt zu bevjegen. Von ihr aits 
hann er mittelbar wirksamer in die Weltgeschichte eingreifen als alle die 



lauten Ldrmer aufder Gasse. Fur die Wissenschaft wenigstens ist es tvahr- 
lich nicht zu vmnschen, doss die ' Stubengelehrten ' ganz aussterhen. 

EoTHB's Theologische Ethik, § 1118 (iii. 756). 
*' For let it be remembered... that whatsoever God has allowed to exist or 
to be done, is an eternal fact— that it has become a part of everlasting and 
immutable Truth — that nothing subsequent can alter it — tTiat, if we had the 
power to analyse any one such fact, we should find it to be as a tree 'whose 
seed is in itself,' the produce of the past, and the cause of the future, joined to 
both, as well as to the present,by a thousand ties; invisible, perhaps, but true, 
effectual, and indissoluble. As the result, there exists a state of things which 
is Historic Truth — a great fabric, filling all space, fashioned as time goes on 
from everlasting to everlasting, growing up to infinity by ceaseless and im- 
perishable increase— in all its minute details, as well as in the boundless 
majesty of the whole, the work of Him who is building it according to His 



will, asking no coumel, needing no help, unknoum except as He reveals Him- 
self, understood only as He gives understanding. Surely this 'city of the great 
King ' may furnish scenes more glorious and excellent than the mountains of 
prey which man's imagination has to offer-^surely it were more likely to 
reach, and raise man to, heaven, than the Babel Tower of Fancy and man's 
device. It seems as if an inward voice of guidance had in all ages bade man 
go round about her, and tell the towers thereof, mark well her bulwarks and 
consider her palaces, that he might tell it to the generation following — and as 
if the answer of every wise and understanding and grateful heart, as soon as 
by God's help it has mastered its infirmity of great styles and vain glory, 
must be, 'I will remember the Tears of tlie Right Hand of the Most High. I 
will remember the works of the Lord : surely I will remember TJiy Wonders 
of Old. I will meditate also of all Thy work, and talk of Thy doings.* " 
Maixland's Eight Essays (Matter of Fact), pp. 125—7. 



TO 



C. H. COOPEE, Esq. 

AUTHOR OF "ANNALS OF CAMBRIDGE/' &c. 



My dear Sir, 

I TAKE the liberty of dedicating this volume 
to you, not only because the great work which you 
have undertaken has prepared you to welcome 
every addition to the sources of our Cambridge 
history, but still more because a fair appreciation 
of the autobiographer demands all that candour and 
charity which are the best fruits of an acquaint- 
ance with "the proper study of mankind." You 
at least will not fail to trace beneath the vain sur- 
face of Robinson's character its substantial worth ; 
you will do justice to his graphic power of descrip- 
tion, his industry, moderation, kindliness, and 
patient endurance. 

But I have another and less personal reason 
for making use of your name. During the past 
year much has been done towards destroying the 
barriers of prejudice and supposed interest which 



have so long divided town and gown ; your labours, 
the labours of a townsman working in the spirit, 
with the materials, and upon the lives, of gowns- 
men of old — of Fuller, and Strype, and Baker, — 
appear to me a happy sign of better times in pro- 
spect, of the much-needed union of Learning and 
Working. 

Again, when many of our countrymen seem to 
be wholly unconscious that " great men have lived 
amongst us," it is reassuring to find one, who has no 
"vested interests" at stake, devoting himself to the 
generous task of recalling to life memories which 
the world has too soon let die. 

Believe me to be, 

My dear Sir, 

Ever very truly yours, 

J. E. B.' Mayor. 

St. John's College, 
September 13, 1856. 



TO THE READER, 



IN times like ours, wlien literature is degraded 
into a trade, and most men write, not because they 
have anything to say, but because vanity, or party, 
or hunger pricks them on, it seems necessary to 
make room for a new book by shewing that it 
neither intrudes upon ground already occupied, nor 
merely publishes the writer's opinions^, whose in- 
terest for the most part must be confined to a very 
narrow circle. That this biography has a right to 
claim a hearing, will hardly be denied. For it gives 
a lively picture of England during the civil wars, 
that is, during the most important crisis of our 
national life ; it proves that students may steadily 
follow their calling in spite of persecution, and that, 



1 "I wish this work to be a record of facts, not a vehicle 
of opinions. I think that we have too little of the first, and 
far too much of the second class of writings in this country ; 
and should be very glad if I could throw even a feather into 
the less favoured scale." Archd. Cotton's Fasti Ecclesice Hiber- 
niece f Vol. i. p. xiv. 



xii TO THE READER, 

though the chief studies^ of the Cambridge of 1650 
were such as many now-a-days affect to have out- 
grown — logic and metaphysics and ethics and theo- 
logy, — the physical sciences, in which we trust, were 
not neglected in the home of Harvey and of Barrow ; 
— it supplies materials for the history of the uni- 
versity and of our endowed schools, and gives us a 
view of country clergy at a time when they are 
supposed, on the testimony of scurrilous dramatists^, 
to have been, with scarce an exception, illiterate 
sots. The lovers of sir Thomas Browne may here 
make acquaintance with another of his many Cam- 
bridge pupils j anatomists will learn with pride that 
"dog-flaying" was once a fashionable entertainment 
at Cambridge parties ; those who relish Pepys will 
feel a kindness for one whose boast it was to go " as 
compt and fine " as any of his cloth in the king's 
dominions, and may perhaps extend their regard to 
his "choice geldings of great value" with their 
"beautiful curiously going pads," and his "messet 
spaniels, beautiful and of rare conceit ;" freemasons 
will revere the memory of a brother, who could 
" handle the tools " better than his best workmen ; 
historians of the picturesque school will prick up 
their ears to hear the pedigree and adventures of 



1 Cf. Ind. s. V. Studies. 

2 See Steele's comments on the character of sir Roger in 
the Scornful Lady {Spectator , No. 270). 



TO THE READER, xiii 

the charger which carried Monmouth at Bothwell- 
bridge ; the surviving admirers of Charles I. will 
be confirmed in their belief that his execution was 
condemned by the almost unanimous sense of the 
people ) Charles II.'s court will sink^ if possible, to 
a lower depth of infamy, when we see them " in a 
cockpit " round a village parson, baiting him with 
the ribaldry which there passed for wit ; non-con- 
formists will not grudge the friend of Arrowsmith, 
Bowles, Burnand, Newcome and Poole, the style and 
addition of a "member of a Christian church;" and 
many churchmen will honour the charity and fore- 
sight of conformists, who, like Cawdrey and his 
pupil, deplored the havoc of " black Bartholomew's," 
before experience had yet proved its folly. Nor is 
the story destitute of local and family interest : 
Johnians will welcome a contribution to the college 
history, and to that work of publication, which (if 
we take into account the chances of damp, of moths, 
of fire, of theft, of riots, and of "dark ages") may 
be fairly expected of a "learned body" to which 
manuscript treasures have been entrusted ; — ^the 
Robinson family will enrich their chronicles with 
the life of a worthy, the great-grandchildren of 
whose two brothers are the chief ornaments of their 
name — Bichard Bobinson, the most mimificent of 
Irish prelates, and Elizabeth Montague, the "blue- 
stocking " friend of Burke, Goldsmith and Johnson ; 
lastly visitors and inhabitants may find a new charm 



xiv TO THE READER. 

in Burneston^, and its vicars may be cheered, per- 
haps in days of confusion and violence, by the 
thought of a predecessor who bore his part like a 
man in the tough battle of his age. If my hero 
interests but a few of the many who are thus bound 
to him by common sympathies, my pains will not 
have been thrown away. 

Here I might leave the reader with a livelier 
companion, but that I wish to offer some rough hints 
on a matter to which no Englishman, jealous for his 
country's literary honour, can long afford to remain 
indifferent. 

The adulteration of food has been carried of 
late to such a pitch, as to alarm the legislature ; 
but a deadlier fraud, the adulteration of know- 
ledge, is everywhere practised with impunity, and 
needs skilful analysts to detect and counteract it. 
Bibliomania is wellnigh extinct, having done its 
work in saving old books from the trunkmakers, 
and bibliography has hardly as yet overcome the 
contempt which greets the birth of every science. 
We have neither an accurate list of new publica- 
tions, nor any competent tribunal for passing sen- 
tence upon them. Most people read no books be- 
yond the ^^ works of the season," as they are ap- 
propriately called, which come in and go out with 
the fashions. These summer friends, having no 

^ Elsley, the commentator, was also vicar of Bumeston. 



TO THE READER. xv 

claim to a permanent lodging, must be borrowed, 
perused and returned at the smallest possible cost 
of money, time and thought. To effect this, an 
elaborate machinery of reviews, circulating libraries 
and bookclubs has been contrived, whereby the 
reading public is spared that chase through book- 
stalls and catalogues, which connects a reminiscence 
with every shelf in the library of a true lover of 
books. The more intelligent members of these 
societies too often bring down their better judge- 
ment to what they conceive to • be the average 
standard of taste; no books are ordered but such 
as are " of general (i. e. not of particular) interest." 
The club falls down before the reigning idol with a 
devotion, which is as shortlived, as it is slavish and 
unreal. Keviews, magazines and newspapers, long 
after the last breath of life has fled, pour in peren- 
nially " in continuation ;" for the club is afraid " to 
spoil its set," forgetting that the editors have done 
that effectually to their hand\ It is a question 
that deserves attention, whether these bookclubs 
are not on the whole productive of as much harm 
as good. What if with the sum now wasted on 
ephemeral trifles we might provide every country- 



^ Probably we might kill off many of the effete serials 
by adopting a simple rule; let votes be taken upon them 
yearly : as it is, when they once get a footing on a library 
table, they are scarcely ever dislodged. 



xvi TO TEE READER. 

town with a permanent library, so restoring to tlie 
scholar's best ally, the dealer in old books, that cus- 
tom which seems almost entirely to have deserted 
him^? Some may regard the rage for amusement as 
itself unworthy of grown men and women in this 
working England ; or, if they must have food for 
mirth, may find it with dame Fortune rather in 
our serious business than in any play: tanto ma- 
jores humana negotia ludL For surely no man 
need go out of his way to seek diversion, who has 
such facts as these staring him in the face : — that 
the laboured buffoonery of our comic prints is sup- 
plied to order, bought, repeated, and to all appear- 
ance relished, as genuine wit ; and that publishers 
find their account in recommending substantial 
treatises on theology or the classics by the solemn 
approval of provincial newspapers. Bookclubs how- 
ever may be supposed to aim rather at bringing 
people together in a friendly way, than at intel- 
lectual progress ; let us turn to institutions of higher 
pretensions. Of late years two of our ablest scholars 
have provided the grammar schools under their care 
with accurate textbooks; but the negligence of 
most head masters in this matter is notorious ; they 
are the dupes, and their pupils the victims, of one 
quack after another ; una avulso non deficit alter 

1 See Martin's BihliograpTiical Catalogue of privately 
printed hooJcs, ed. 2. Pref. p. xxiv, n. 



TO TEE READER, xvii 

jplumheus. In ladies', in commercial, and in national 
schools, the want of fresh, genial classbooks is yet 
more grievous. Schoolmasters and governesses, spell- 
bound by custom, continue to consume edition after 
edition of books from which nothing can be learnt^, 
and wilfully stick to the old mumpsimus, when 
even the booksellers feel scruples about enriching 
themselves by its blunders. 

Look again at the prospects of literature among 
us, in the two branches, which will ever be of widest 
and deepest interest, ew? aV t] avTtj (pva-i's dvdpoi- 
TTiav ^, — biography and history. Memoirs abound, 
it is true, but the art of writing the story of a life, 
simply and briefly, seems to be almost lost. Either 
the book is swollen to a compass fifty or sixty times 
greater than the old proportions; or, if it be in- 
tended for popular sale, it is seasoned with coarse 
flattery and seeming-reverent irreverence, which 
reminds us of Jesuit martyrologies. In history 

1 Professor De Morgan has told us that the proverbial 
'^ Cocker" was as far behind his predecessors in knowledge, 
as he surpassed them in lasting popularity. Nor can we 
boast ourselves better than our fathers; for the i8th edition 
of '^Mangnall's Questions" has just been added to the stores 
of the University Library. What must the shades of Moore 
and Hacket feel, if they ever wander among their old friends, 
and see into what company they have fallen ? However, the 
trade is not always to blame ; a London publisher lately put 
out a popular schoolbook, revised and improved ; but the con- 
servatism of his customers was too strong for the reformer, 
and forced hiTn to "waste" the whole edition, 

b 



xviii TO THE READER. 

such names as Carlyle, Grote, Helps, Kemble, Mil- 
man, Napier, and Thirlwall, serve to shew that our 
age is specially called to bring to light the treasures 
of the past^j and the various publishing societies, 
though they have often been deceived in their 
choice both of materials and of editors, have yet 
trained such a body of historical and antiquarian 
scholars as the country never before possessed. Still 
there is too much truth in Dr. Pauli's complaints^, 
that "writers who distort history into romance 
foster in the public a dilettantism, which is only 
curious about the manners of past generations, their 
fashions of eating and drinking, and the like;" that 
there is a great dearth of well-edited collections 
of documents ; and that to most Englishmen the 
whole period before the revolution is a blank. The 
want of a simple history of England for popular or 
school use is everj^where felt ; we suffer the poor to 
grow up in utter ignorance .of their country's true 
glories, and yet expect them to be proud of the 
name, and to exercise the rights, of Englishmen. 



1 See the paper on ^^ Matter of Fact" in Dr. Maitland's 
Eight Essays. 

^ In the preface to the second volume of his continuatiqn 
of Lappenberg, where is much more bearing on this subject. 
The booksellers' rejection of the translation of Lappenberg in 
the first instance, and its ill success when at last published, 
are very significant facts. Compare Sir N". H. Nicolas' pamph- 
lets on the Study of History and on the Record Commission. 



TO TEE READER. xix 

A truly national history however must be based on 
the researches of critics and antiquaries. Our his- 
torical documents must be edited with all the aids 
of note and glossary and index, to which we are 
accustomed in our classical studies. So only will 
English history and lexicography gradually approach 
to completeness. Meantime each of us in his own 
station may do something for the good work. Go- 
vernment has already taken steps for making the 
national records more accessible, and will doubtless 
increase its exertions as they are more and more 
appreciated. The universities may justly be re- 
quired to give employment to their sons of proved 
ability j common decency as well as gratitude and 
public spiiit should compel them to publish at least 
the more important of their manuscripts, and such 
remains of their benefactors as have still a living 
interest for our times. Oxford has so nobly re- 
deemed its credit by its Wycliffe, (fee, that it seems 
ungenerous to complain of its many careless re- 
prints '; but the Pitt Press, until very lately, has 



^ ''You and my other friends have heard me, many years 
before this society existed, deeply regretting the numerous 
errors and mistakes M'hich disfigure the volumes of that writer, 
whose works are, of all others, the most indispensable to the 
English Churcliman who would understand the history of his 
own church. You know that I used to talk (scarcely half in 
jest) of Strype Scholarships and Strype Examinations in our 
Colleges, as among the best means for preventing young men 

6 2 



XX TO THE EEADER. 

done scarcely anything for tlie honour of the sister 
university. Let us hope, as loyal sons of Cam- 
bridge, that she is awaking to the duty which she 
owes to the church, whose ministers she is charged 
to educate; and let us cordially co-operate with our 
new syndics in their endeavour to efface the re- 
proach under which, as a literary body, we have so 
long laboured. Happily we need not content our- 
selves with barren good wishes. The experience of 
the great educational and missionary societies proves 
the value of district associations : equal success will 
attend local unions for the promotion of historical 
investigation; not only because they search with 
microscopic exactness every portion of the field, 
but still more because they enlist the sympathies of 
many who care for nothing that is not brought 
home to their very doors. Here again Oxford has 
set us an example, which we shall do well to follow. 
By the Bihliotheca Po/trum, the Library of the Fathers 



who were candidates for orders from ignorantly committing 
themselves, to their own discredit, and to the increased dis- 
union and unhappiness of the church. You know that to 
Oxford men, wherever I could take the liberty, (and even 
where it was a liberty) I openly and urgently expressed my 
hope that that learned University would repair the injury which 
it had done to the church by its careless reprints — that when 
I met with Cambridge men, I tried to provoke them to jea- 
lousy, and urged them to claim, and do justice to, so meri- 
torious a son of their alma mater.'' — Dr. Maitland in the 
Brit. Mag. xxxiii. 339, 340. 



TO THE READER, xxi 

SLTLdthe Library of A nglo-Catholic Theology, Dr. Pnsey 
and his friends have supplied their countrymen 
with sufficient means of understanding men and 
times long undeservedly forgotten. May not we 
repay the obligation in kind by editing a series of 
contemporary memoirs, letters and other documents, 
in illustration of our own history, civil, literary 
and ecclesiastical? A beginning has been already 
made. The Cambridge Antiquarian Society has 
been in existence now for a good many years, and 
has published several valuable papers; but it does 
not command that hearty support which gives a 
national importance to the Chetham and Surtees 
Societies. Certainly, when our Cambridge town- 
clerk undertakes an Athence Cantahrigienses, and a 
private bookseller announces a Biographia Britan- 
nica, the least that can be accepted of those who sit 
in the seat of scholai-s is a contribution of materials 
to works, which they ought to have originated. 

The noisy province of our literature, whose in- 
habitants would fain lord it over the whole terri- 
tory, arrogating to themselves exclusively such titles 
as "the press," "the public^ press," "literary men," 

1 i, e. the anonymous, once called ''the secret" press. 
This impudent misnomer often blinds readers to the fact, that 
journalists themselves form a class, with class prejudices and 
class interests. See Copleston's Heplies to the Edinburgh 
Review and Advice to a young Reviewer, and (on the Literaten) 
Gieseler, Kirchengeschichte, v. 22, 23, Mill's Political Economy 
(ed. 3), i. 475, 476, where we find a Platonic hint : '' Whe- 



xxii TO THE READER. 

and so forth, must not be overlooked; for all pub- 
lishers, and most authors and readers, are far too 
much affected by its clamour. It would ill become 
me to suggest improvements in our few scientific 
and professional journals, which are conducted, often 
at a loss, by known contributors; I will only ex- 
press a hope that they may increase and prosper \ 

ther these considerations are not connected with something 
radically amiss in the idea of authorship as a profession, and 
whether any social arrangement under which the teachers of 
mankind consist of persons giving out doctrines for bread, is 
suited to be, or can possibly be, a permanent thing — would 
be a subject well worthy the attention of thinkers." But the 
most thorough discussion may be seen in one of the noblest 
works of recent theology, E-othe's tJieologische Ethihy iii. 769- 
773, 933-940. Indeed, the whole section headed die wissen- 
schaftlichen Staatsj^fiichten (§§ 1116-1124, pp. 753-782) 
deserves a careful perusal. Those who feel tempted to despair 
of the prospects of learning in England may be reconciled to 
their lot, when they are told, that German universities are 
fast degenerating into establishments for enabling the young 
^'sich einige Jahre zu vergniigen von den sauren Ersparnissen 
ihrer Eltern," so that secular monasteries are needed to keep 
ahve the vestal fire of knowledge ; while the critical journals 
are sunk so low, that scholars are counselled to abstain from 
giving any countenance to them. There is a just remark 
(p. 773) on the folly of extreme sensitiveness to criticism : 
'•'Wenn einer durch eine literarische Publication sich dem 
bestellten Recensenten anheim gibt, so hat dieser hiermit das 
voile Recht erlangt, sich an ihn als den zu exhibiren, der er 
ist, in seiner ganzen Yortrefflichkeit und Liebenswiirdigkeit." 
Compare the essay *' On giving and taking criticism " in 
Friends in Council. 

1 For instance, all who are alive to the urgent practical 
importance of the subject would welcome a quarterly journal 



TO THE READER. xxiii 

But every quiet man must be disturbed by the 
deluge of purposeless declamation, which over- 
whelms us in daily, weekly, fortnightly, monthly 
and quarterly publications, until the stream of 
knowledge is lost in stagnant pools of gossip. That 
our periodicals are far too numerous and too bulky, 
no sane man will dispute. What we want is a lite- 
rary police; and how ill our numberless critics 
perform this their one legitimate function, appears 
from the success of all manner of charlatans \ Let 
a man known to be conversant with the subject in 
hand state briejly the qualifications which a writer 
brings to his task. If he is ignorant and preten- 
tious, if he only repeats what has been better said 
before, or says what should never have been said at 
all, let the public be warned not to spend money 
and eyesight upon his book ; if, on the other hand, 
he has gone to work with conscientious industry, 
few words will suffice to describe the advance which 
has been made. More than this is unprofitable ex- 
penditure of paper and print, and of the time of all 
concerned, writer, printer, publisher and reader. 
For time-hallowed as the maxim is among practical 

of churcli history. The British Magazine, to which we are 
indebted for the Essays on the Dark Ages and the Eeforma- 
tion, expired some years ago. 

1 I appeal to every scholar who may read these words,, 
whether he does not receive with more than ordiaary suspi- 
cion editions of classical authors, which come recommended 
by the unanimous suffrage of our reviews and newspapers. 



xxiv TO THE READER, 

men, that a man lias a right to supply anything for 
which a demand exists or can be created^ we must 
learn that it has its limits. 

The style and temper of our many masters of 
course vary greatly; a few are generally scrupulous 
and scholarlike, and to them it is owing that the 
average credit of the class is raised far above its 
average desert. But even the best too often seek 
to gratify the craving for oracular guidance, by ap- 
pending to their longer articles a string of short 
notices, dashed off with amazing rashness^; while 
the great majority increase the mischiefs inseparable 
from extempore^ composition, by trading largely in 
cant phrases^, which, like the sententice of the E,o- 

^ An instance occurs in the Christian Remembrancer's 
remarks on the first volume of this series. I had there 
(p. xvii. n) cited amongst other books ^' [Sir George Wheler's] 
Protestant Monastery " in order to prove that the Ferrars 
were not the only protestants of their age v^ho observed 
canonical hours, &c. The reviewer congratulated me on 
having superseded all former lives of Ferrar, even the best of 
all, sir George Wheler's Protestant Monastery. The book 
thus familiarly spoken of (I quote from memory) is anony- 
mous, and does not contain a syllable about Gidding or Ferrar. 
Yet this review is certainly the most learned, and one of the 
ablest, that we have. 

2 See Mr. Carlyle's Essay on sir Walter Scott. 

3 One of our ablest and fairest journals lately issued an 
advertisement, giving reasons for declining to lower its price ; 
the chief was, that it could not hope to win a much larger 
audience without resorting to cant ; it named several varieties 
of this saleable commodity, and amongst them, which speaks 
well for its courage, the cant of Liberalism. Another, the 



TO THE READER, x.x.y 

man rhetoricians, make up in sound what they 
want in sense. Many reviews (e. g. the Edinburgh, 
Fraser, the Quarterly, the Westminster) are the 
property of booksellers, and " ought to be regarded 
merely as advertising machines \" Most are devoted 
to the cause of faction, or, in that language which 
was given to conceal thought, profess principles; 
the writers in these, however some may envy their 
more than papal domination over their adherents, 
must often taste the gall which dashes the tyrant's 
sweetest cup — multos timet, quern multi timent. It 
may to pushing men be an advantage to puff and to 
be puffed, to set a whole party loose upon such as 
will not learn their shibboleth, and to promulgate 
an index lihrorum prohibitorum^ : but the advantage 



Saturday Review, was established because its conductors were 
''scarcely satisfied with newspaper writing as it actually 
exists, either in its moral or in its critical aspects." This 
journal has done such good service in unmasking our native 
impostors, that one is sorry to see (in its number of Sept. 6) 
that it regards M. Egger as the first Grecian in France ; how 
unjustly, may be learnt from Qu^rard's valuable bibliography. 

1 Babbage's Econ. of Machinery/, § 301, p. 267. An 
analysis of the books reviewed in these domestic journals, 
stating the publisher of each, and the tenor of the verdict, 
might have its use. On the book-trade generally, cf. Babbage, 
§§ 295-303. 

2 i( ]y[j. Trench is certainly entangled with the promoters 
of these heresies, and we believe that the same influence, 
which has forwarded his advancement to the mitre, has also 
advanced from Whitechapel to Paddington a disciple of 
Maurice (sic) and an admirer of Mill's Logic." Record Neivs- 



xxvi TO THE READER, 

will be dearly bought, if tliej are bound in return 
to discover the merits of the meanest scribbler who 
does but take the right side. 

There are two vices inherent in this whole 
power, as at present constituted, which must crip- 
ple, and finally destroy, its energies for good : it is 
anonymous, and it depends on immediate success 
for its very existence. These evils are not the 
growth of a day, nor can they be corrected in a 
day; but the generation, which has witnessed the 
overthrow of the slave-trade and of duelling, need 
not despair of quelling this monster also. The man 
who dares not in his own person speak the thing 
he knows, is a sla^ve; the man who dares under a 
mask speak that which he knows not, is twice a 
slave; and neither supposed expediency, nor bril- 
liancy of style, should induce us to uphold the au- 
thority of judges, who are secured from " all sense 
of personal responsibility \" To such temptations 

'pa'per of Monday ^ June -23, 1856. Has the Roman index 
detected heresy in so neutral a subject as logic? 

^ Sir Gr. C. Lewis^ On the Influence of Authority in Matters 
of Opinion, 355 ; who seems however to contradict himself in 
the next sentence : ^^this evil must be endured for the sake 
of ensuring a/ree censure." Surely it is the sense of personal 
responsibihty that alone can make us truly free. The same 
author holds (p. 347) that anonymous writers are '^free from 
personal vanity;" a compliment which contradicts general 
experience. Next to fear, vanity has been the chief motive 
for concealment, if we are to judge from the predominant 
character of anonymous and pseudonymous works. Nor is 



TO TEE READER. xxvii 

we must expose no human being; as no man 
should be encouraged to exhibit his misgrown child, 
or to put his head into a lion's mouth, for our 
pleasure, so we must cease to degrade our writers 
by making a disguise necessary to the proclaimer 
of unwelcome truths. If it be asked what can 
be done to remedy the mischief, we may point to 
what has been already done. Mr. Ruskin and the 
writers in the Oxford and Cambridge Essays have 
set an example, which will not be forgotten; the 
readers of Notes and Queries, as most men of letters 
can testify, and as I am bound gratefully to ac- 
knowledge, readily respond, in private as well as 
in public communications, to any stranger who ap- 
peals to them as a fellow-labourer; whereas, when 
our invisible censors are at fault, the most compe- 
tent scholars are least concerned to set them right. 
In general we may be sure, that whatever brings 
together men engaged in common studies, must 
tend to moderate their antipathies, and therefore to 
make party organs unnecessary; and then at last, 
when reviewers shall no longer write to advance a 
party, but to further the common good, they will 

iihe vanity confined to the writer himself. There is nothing 
of which the vainest of mankind, members of ^' well-infoiTQed 
circles," are so childishly vain, as their exclusive possession 
of authors' secrets ; though indeed their intelligence is often 
more exclusive than accurate. For instance, he who printed 
as Scott's an essay of archbishop Whately's, was no mere 
aspirant, but an adept, an archimage in the world of letters. 



xxviii TO THE READER. 

scorn the protection of a mask. The second disease 
of our periodical literature is scarcely less pernicious 
than the first. The necessity of writing what will 
sell must dissipate the powers of the reviewer him- 
self: while for the reader nothing is more enfeebling 
than the perpetual assumption that he cannot be 
interested in the most momentous questions, his 
country's welfare, or the advancement of know- 
ledge, unless a fine writer be pleased to take them 
under his patronage. Unhappily this assumption 
goes far to fulfil itself; many purchasers complain, 
as of a personal afiront, when they meet with a 
book which makes the discovery and exact state- 
ment of truth the first thing, and their amusement 
the last. Yet here also we see a prospect of amend- 
ment ; several publishers have issued our best au- 
thors in cheap editions, so aiding the formation of a 
true, manly taste ; to which when formed the case 
may be safely referred. 

I said above, that we have no accurate list of 
new publications ; it may be added that we pay for 
advertisements, a most inadequate substitute, fifty 
times the sum^ which a complete bibliographical 
register would require. There is lying on my desk 
as I write Hinrich's Allgemeine Bibliographie fur 

1 Many people are not aware of the recklessness with 
whicli booksellers, practical men, lavish money upon this 
item, which might be better spent in improving the book 
itself. Often the cost of advertising exceeds the whole receipts; 
and hundreds of pounds are spent in advertising a single work. 



TO THE READER, xxix 

Deutschland, " a weekly catalogue of all new ap- 
pearances in tlie field of literature," alphabetically 
arranged, and published at Leipzig. The weekly 
catalogues are quarterly, halfyearly, and yearly, 
thrown together in one alphabetical series, to which 
a classified index of subjects is prefixed. The titles 
of books are given in full, with the number of 
pages and engravings, the size and price. The cost 
of this is about los. per annum. Another valuable 
catalogue, set forth halfyearly by Avenarius at 
Leipzig, the Bihliographisches Jahrhuch filr den 
deutschen Buck- Kunst- und Landkarten-Handel, 
gives not only lists, arranged alphabetically and by 
subjects, of books actually published, but announce- 
ments, "kiinftig erscheinende Werke." Again, 
Kayser's vollstcindiges Bilcher-Lexikon, the first part 
of which reaches from 1 750-1 832, while the con- 
tinuations comprise eight or nine years each, en- 
ables us at once to ascertain all particulars respect- 
ing publications of past years. Surely our publishers 
might learn a lesson from their German brothers ; 
let them select some competent bibliographer, and 
make it known that he is willing to catalogue all 
new books sent to him ; authors and publishers will 
certainly spare for him one of the copies which they 
now waste on incompetent critics, and the puffing 
system, degrading to all who are mixed up with it, 
will receive its deathblow. It is unfair to the trade 
to lay upon it the whole discredit of this system ; 



XXX TO TEE READER, 

authors are at least equally to blame. Why should 
a man go down the Row, begging* tradesmen to 
speculate in his productions ? Why should he sub- 
mit his dainty dishes to the nice palate of a taster ? 
If he have a sufficiency to live on, let him buy his 
own books of the printer honestly, as he would 
another man's ; and be willing, if they do not suit 
the popular fancy, freely to give the expenses of 
publication^, as he has the labour of his brain, for 

^ Another class of mendicants will go into a shop, ask 
the price of a book, and then try to beat the shopman down ; 
thus destroying all mutual respect, except such as knave may 
feel for brother knave. Let us rather refuse to take any 
article at less than the price first demanded. ''No, your 
original charge was too high for me ; but I will not accept your 
charity." 

2 ''An established literary reputation; a light, airy, 
agreeable style; a dashing or picturesque manner; a sharp, 
enthusiastic, or dogmatic mode of presenting his subject to a 
selected class of readers, — all these characteristics may help off 
an edition of a work of even graver import from the pen of the 
public favourite. But these characteristics do not, it is appre- 
hended, afford to the reader the requisite guarantees for the 
integrity and impartiality of his author. Where the anxiety 
to captivate is more apparent than the desire to instruct, there 
must always remain behind a lurking suspicion that ' all is 
not gold that glitters.' Yet the sensitive student or scholar 
who is scDsible that he does not possess those brilliant powers 
of description or narrative which have fasciuated the present 
generation, cannot be too cautious in calculating upon the 
favour of the 'reading public' The writer of these pages 
has, however, nothing to complain of on this score. He wiU. 
be glad to find his work acceptable; but will feel no dis- 
appointment if it should be found unsuitable to the public 



TO THE READER. xxxi 

the common good. Or, if lie must work for his 
living, let the hope of one day " introducing " his 
riper offspring into society support him in his daily 
toil; but let him not prostitute his gifts by suing 
in forma pauperis to those who are confessedly 
unable to appreciate them. 

If any reader has followed me thus far, he will 
no doubt feel as much relieved as I do on passing 
from my opinions and my suggestions to my facts. 
So with thanks to him for his patience, and to those 
who have assisted my endeavours to give complete- 
ness to the book for their friendly aid, I bid him 
and them heartily farewell, and leave it to do its 
appointed work. J E B M 

taste. He has not calculated upon any return for the expenses 
of publication, and will be perfectly satisfied if it be deemed 
not unworthy of the attention of the few readers who may 
not so far have plunged into the sublimities of liberahsm as 
to regard the subject of it as altogether out of date. * 

**The author desires to encourage criticism in any shape 
which may best suit the views, or even the prejudices, of his 
reviewer ; but he would be glad if, before the task is under- 
taken, he would assure himself that he is really prepared by 
the requisite previous reading to deal with the subject; for 
otherwise the main objects of his criticism will fail; the author 
will not be enabled to profit by his corrections ; and the re- 
viewer, if a man of sense and integrity, will be unable to 
satisfy himself that he is in a position to do perfect justice 
either to the author or the public." Greenwood's Cathedra 
Petri (London, Stewart, 1856), viii. 

1 Since the account of Poole was printed ofi*, I have read 
(in Clarke's Lives of sitndry Eminent Persons in this Later 



xxxii TO TEE READER, 

Age, 1683, pp. 54-56) his verses on the death of Eichard 
Vines (ob. Feb. 7, 165I-). One passage is interesting, not 
only for its lament on the Vandalism of the day (see here, 
p. 35), but for its account of the transfer of Bancroft's or 
Abbot's books to the University Library (See Cooper's Annals, 
iii. 405, 407, who has overlooked the letter of thanks ad- 
dressed to Selden, bearing date a. d. 4 Non. Apr., which may 
be seen in Baker's MSS. or in Wilkins' Vita Authoris in 
Selden's works, p. xli. Cf. an allusion to the late increase of 
books in Arrowsmith's Oratio Anti-Weigel. i™% ad calc. Tac- 
tic. Sacr. Cantabrig. 1657). 

'^ Oh you Caligula's, whose monstrous Rage 
Could wish that all the Levites of this Age 
Had but one Neck, that so one bloody Sword 
Might cut off all the Conduits of the Word ; 
Forbear, 'tis done, and here doth bleeding lie 
As in a Map, all England's Ministry. 
You brood of Munster, whose prodigious Ire 
Destines all Libraries unto the Fire : 
Surcease your barbarous Rage, within one Span 
Here lies (sic) the ashes of the Vatican. 
When Lamheth-Sea of Books was to forsake 
Its ancient Seat, and a new Channel take. 
Our Senate did espouse those choice Remains 
To Sion-JIouse, Cambridge forbid the Banes. 
'Twas doubtful where that walking Library 
Would fix : Both places were resolved to try 
Their Titles ; but at last did thus agree ; 
To send it to the Universitie 

Upon these tearms, they should with Vines dispense, 
And send him hither for a Recompence. 
He was transplanted. Thus our common Mother 
Found one vast Library, and lost another. 
Or if you please, you may compound it thus. 
They got the Shadow, th' Substance came to us." 



LIFE 

OF 

MATTHEW EOBINSON, 

SOMETIME FELLOW OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, CAMBKIDGE, 
AND VICAE OF BUENESTON, TOEKSHIEE. 

WRITTEN BY HIMSELF. 



In our unnatural war none I hope so weah and wilful as to 
deny many good men {though misled) engaged on both sides. 
hoiv have they scratched and rased and pierced and bruised 
and hroTcen one another! Behold heaven's hand grating one 
diamond with another ; as for all those who uncharitably deny 
any good on that party which they dislike, such shew themselves 
diamonds indeed in their hardness {cruel censuring), but none 
in any commendable quality in their conditions. — Fuller's Good 
Thoughts in Worse Times. Occasional Meditation, xvii. 

Many things in England are out of joint for the present, and 
a strange confusion there is in church and state; but let this 
comfort us, we trust it is confusion in tendency to order. And 
therefore let us for a time more patiently comport thereicith. — 
Fuller's Mixt Contemplations on these Times, xlix. Amending. 



The life of the author^, loritten hy one who kneiv 
him thoroughly J and had many of these things 
from his own mouth. 

IN lieu of the author's picture to the frontispiece 
of his books, the portraitui'e of him is here pre- 
sented to the reader : and because no pictures are 
of any great price or value, though the painting be 
never so good, except the same be done by the 
pencils of famed artists, such as Titian, E,. Urban, 
Vandyke &c. ; therefore to such as with Herod 
should move that question of a divine man infi- 
nitely more great, Quis est iste de quo talia audio^ ? 
I will offer to their view briefly the memoirs of the 
person's life inquired after, though he was indeed 



^ Probably this life was written to accompany Robinson's 
Annotations. 

2 St. Luke ix. 9. 

1—2 



4 LIFE OF M, ROBIJSrSON. 

paucis notus et pauciorihus ignotus *. Few knew his 
worth thoroughly and yet most persons of quality 
knew him and esteemed him as one of the greatest 
character for parts learning and piety, though he 
did fly the public and despised those titles and 
dignities in the church which have aggrandised* so 
many, chusing to move in a lower sphere. And it 
would be hard to find in his times one through the 
whole kingdom to whose eminency nature art and 
fortune did so much contribute. 

2. He was born^ on the confines of the North 
Kiding of Yorkshire, near to Bernard Castle* in 
Kokeby, a small village but beautiful seat and 
paradise of his ancestors^; a place which is the 



^ These words form part of Bob. Burton's epitaph upon 
himself. Wood's Aihen. ii. 653. 

2 The original has aggranreverzed. 

^ " M. Robinson, son of Mr. Tho. Robinson, baptized 14 
Dec. 1628." Note in early hand. MS. Chron. The Rev. 
George Bowness, the present rector of Rokeby, has found 
this entry in the register. 

^ See a notice of Bernard Castle at this time in Clarke's 
MaHyrologie (1651), 455, 456. 

^ On the seat of the Robinsons of Rokeby see Whitaker, 
Hist, of Eichmondshire, i. 184: ''Rokeby Park is an angular 
area of the richest soil, and shaded by luxuriant woods, 
bounded by the rocky banks of the Teese and the Greta for 
the space of about a mile upwards from their confluence. ... I 
presume that it [the present house] stands on the site of the 
ancient manor-house, which had been inhabited by the Robin- 
sons at least since the year 1622. .. . When I saw it [the 
Chxta] in tranquillity, a marble bed, over which a clear and 



LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 5 

confluence of two fine rivers, Greta and the Teese, 
enriched with rocks of marble sufficient to serve 
this kingdom, if artists to work it were as plentiful, 
and if the rivers to convey it were but navigable ; 
yet that village is famed for nothing more than 
that this man was born there \ Psalm 87. 4. He 
was the second^ son of that fortunate family. His 
father was the darling of his country, being famed 
for learning, law^, and all those cardinal^ virtues, 

lively mountain-stream hurried to the Teese, deep and 
abrupt crags to right and left, and aged overhanging woods 
. . . formed the character of the scene." Compare Scott's 
RoJcehy, and on the family Whitaker, i. 154 seq., 184 seq. 

1 " Behold Philistia, and Tyre, with Ethiopia : this man 
was born there." 

2 According to HoplcinsorCs MSS. ap. Whitaker (u. s. p. 184) 
"Thomas Robinson, Esq. . . . utter barrister of the honourable 
society of Gray's Inn . . . had issue William, Leonard, merchant 
of the city of London (afterwards sir Leonard Robinson, of West 
Layton,) Matthew, a divine doctor of physic, who married 
Jane, daughter of Mr. Mark Pickering." So that he takes 
Matthew for the third son. Thoresby (Ducat. Leod. 263) 
names another son, Thomas, a merchant at York, who died 
without issue. Mr. Bowness writes : " I find the entry of 
the baptism of WilUam Robinson, son of Mr. Thos. Robinson, 
Dec. '28th, 1624, and there seems to have been no baptism in 
the family in the intermediate years. The name of Leonard 
does not, I believe, occur in this register in the Robinson 
family." John Robinson, born at Rookby, was admitted 
foundation fellow of St. John's, Mar. 31, 1626 (Baker's His- 
tory of St. John's). This was probably an uncle of Matthew. 

^ See Hopkinson in last note. 

^ Cf. Plato, Legg. xii. 963 C, Besp. iv. 427 E seq., 441 C 
seq., Cic. Cfff. i. c. 5 (with Beier's note and Excursus x.). 



6 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 

prudence, temperance, justice, and fortitude. His 
profession and piety put him. on doing right to all, 
neither would he permit the poor and oppressed to 
suffer wrong. 

3. He in this his child seeing these early fruits 
and budding hopes, sent him abroad when not 
seven years old to a choice grammar-school, to 
which his head was more beholden than his pined 
belly. And such was his ripeness of wit that 
before he was nine years old he could translate any 
English into true grammatical Latin, and construe 
any familiar author. His father perceiving it took 
pleasure in trying him with curter and more dif- 
ficult Latinists as Terence and Seneca, and did 
admire to see how the boy would nick off the very 
sense of difficult passages wherein others three or 
four years older could do nothing. Therefore his 
father when he was past ten years old sent him to 
an eminent school the better to fit him for the 
university, wherein he soon surpassed all his 
equals \ 

4. Such was his industry and earnest desire 
after learning, that besides his daily and weekly 
school tasks, which would not hold him tack^, he 
fell upon a course of reading over all school-books 



iii. c. 33, Aug. Be lib. arb. i. § '27. Elsewhere Augustine 
{De Gen. c. Man. ii. § 13) finds them in the four rivers of 
Eden. Georgius Gemistus has a special treatise on the subject. 

1 jEquales, equals in age. So in Gal. i. 14. (Johnson.) 

2 Hold out, suffice. See Todd's Johnson. 



LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 7 

from end to end, beginning at Cato and Corderius^, 
till lie liad not left a school-book to Mm then known 
um^ead through; nor would he pass any difficult 
passage in a book without consulting Mr. H. his 
master, who took as great pleasure in instructing 



1 Two of Adam Martindale's school-books {Life, Chetb. 
Soc. 14). Matmin Cordier, a French protestant, won to the 
cause of reform by Robert Stephens, is celebrated as one of 
the most devoted of schoolmasters, in which vocation he 
laboured till within a few days of his death (at the age of 86, 
A.D. 1564). His school-books, especially the Colloquies, had 
almost as wide and lasting a fame in France and HoUand as 
the Colloquies of Erasmus. The select centuries extracted by 
John Clark or by Stirling maintained their ground in Eng- 
land until perhaps fifteen or twenty years ago, and may still 
be in use here and there. As the work of a man who was 
a thorough master of his art, and wrote to satisfy a felt want, 
they have a freshness of life about them which is utterly 
wanting in the cram books which too often took their place, — 
articles suppHed to order by the professional bookmaker. Our 
friend Robinson may have used the translation of John 
Brinsley (author of the Ludus Literarius), of which a copy 
(London, 1625) is in oar Cambridge Library, or the following 
edition (ibid.) : Mat. Corderii Colloquionim scholasticorum 
libri nil, dihgenter recogniti. Protrepticon ad bene vivendi 
recteque loquendi studiosos. 

Calvinus didicit quo praeceptore Latine 

Grammaticeque loqui, quantus hie autor erat ! 

Hinc bene vivendi documenta apteque loquendi, 
O pueri, a teneris imbibite unguiculis. 

Cantabrigiae : E Typographeo celeberrimae Academige Ty- 
pographorum. MDCXXXIII. See Appendix. (Cf. Bayle, 
and Barbier, Complement d€S dictionnaires historiques, col. -213 
seq.) 



8 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON, 

of him. The holidays and playdays were to him 
desirable for no other end, but that he might be 
at liberty to read what he list. And by this course 
he was familiar with every poet and every poetical 
expression, so that he might have passed for a 
laureat ere he was thirteen years of age\ In the 
Greek tongue also he was as ready. Yet ere he 
thought himself accomplished sufficiently in it, he 
fell on the closer study of it in the universities 
more than once or twice, till he became a critic 
therein. 

5. His father being a stout and popular gentle- 
man was engaged by my lord Fairfax and other 
eminent persons to stand up for his country in the 
beginning of the late unhappy civil wars, and was 
soon taken off by death, leaving this son but 
twelve years ^ old. When he was turned of thir- 
teen, his master thought that he was as fit for the 
university as the most scholars that ever he bred, 
and wished his mother to consider of it. At that 
time the civil wars were in their height and heat. 
York was then besieged and the matter not decided 
by Marston Moor field ^ in the north. Oxford was 



1 Compare D'Ewes* Autobiography, i. 102 seq. 

2 Rather 14. "His father dyd June 1643." ^^' Chron, 
He was buried at Leeds 29 June, 1643, by Frances his wife 
(Thoresby, Ducat. Leod. 263). 

3 The earl of Manchester laid siege to York June 3, 1644. 
The battle of Marston Moor was fought on the 2nd of July. 
After his defeat Prince Eupert made no further attempt 
to relieve York. 



LIFE OF M. ROBINSOF. 9 

a garrison of the king's and the seat of war^, and 
Cambridge wa-s no less a garrison of the parlia- 
ment's : both places were inaccessible and the 
colleges then furnished with prisoners instead of 
students ^ In this juncture our young student had 
a month's mind^ to try the tents of Mars instead 
of Minerva's ; being motioned ^ to the lord general 
Fairfax for a page, upon his dead father's account. 
But God designed him for better fortunes : and his 
mother by the direction of some friends was per- 
suaded in this unquiet time to send him away into 
Scotland to the university there, that he might 
lose no time. To this end a bad horse which no 
soldier would take * was fitted for him, with near 



1 See SirH. Wl^^' Letters, Ser. II. iii. 297 seq., A. Wood's 
Life, Martindale's Life, 28, Hearne's Dunstable, 7? 9 seq. 

2 '' Cambridge suffered first, lying in the associated coun- 
ties, and subject to the parliament's power ; Oxford, which 
was then a garrison, and the king's head-quarters, drank of 
the same bitter cup some years after. At Cambridge, several 
heads and fellows of colleges and halls were imprisoned, for 
refusing the covenant, some in the town, and some in St. 
John's College, made a gaol by the parliament forces." — 
Pope's Life of Seth Ward, 12. Cf. Querela Cant, 

3 *' For if a trumpet sound or drum beat. 

Who has not a month's mind to combat ?" 

Butler's Hudihras, i. 2. iii, 112. 
Cf. Nares' Glossary. 

^ Recommended. So in Newcome's Diary (Cheth. Soc.) 
132: "Mr. Baxter motioned a godly wench to be our 
servant." 

^ See an order (March 15, 164!) for listing horses for the 
service of king and parliament. Grey's Answer to Neal, ii. 41. 



10 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

thirty broad pieces of gold sewed up in private 
places of his clothes. With some clothes and books 
without the conduct of any man he and two or 
three notable youths more took their fortune 
through the Scotch army which two days^ before 
had besieged and taken Newcastle. Our student, 
though the youngest being the most notable of his 
fellows^, went to the lord general Leslie to beg 
his safe pass to Edinburgh. The general soon knew 
him, having been quartered at his mother's house, 
and gave him a pass with the strictest charge that 
no soldier should dare to molest him nor his compa- 
nions. From IS'ewcastle they travelled to Berwick, 
and thence to Dunbar and Edinburgh in five or 
six days' time. 

6. Being there arrived in safety, he disposeth of 
his horse and of himself to a convenient quarter near 
to the college, which being ready to open for that 
year in the end of October^, he admitted himself of 
the second year, as most English students do who 
have learned their Greek at school^, under a regent 



1 Oct. 19, 1644. 

2 A Greek and Latin idiom frequent in our older authors. 
" This last reason, though it seem likeliest of them all, yet is 
it the weakest of the rest." — North's Plutarch (1595), 349« 
" Tragedy . . . the gravest, moralest, and most profitable of all 
other poems."— Milton, Pref. to Samson Agonistes, Of. Par. 
Lost, iv. 323, 324. 

3 '' 1644. October. Went to Scotland." MS. Chron. 

4 On the low state of classical learning in Edinburgh Uni- 
versity, see Sir W. Hamilton's Essays, ed. i. 340. (''It is, 



LIFE OF M. ROBIFSON. 11 

of good note, and entereth into a course of logic. 
The daily employ was to write a body of logic 



indeed, only of late years that a few grammar-schools have 
ventured upon Greek, the alphabet of which is, by country 
students at least, stiU usually acquired in the University "). 
See also 341 — 343, 640. ^'Some disagreeable occurrences 
had happened (1645) from the teaching of the Greek language 
in schools. Those students loho had made some progress in the 
Icnoidedge of it ivere desirous, ichen tJiey entered the university, 
that their course should he abridged. It was found necessary 
to check this" &c. — Bower's Hist, of Edinh. Univ. i. 204, 
compare 228, 243, 287. See in the same work pp. 156 
seq. The Order of Examinations, The Duties of the [four'] 
Regents, The Duties of the Students, which confirm the account 
in the text. Note especially the Acts of the Commissioners. 
1647. ''It is found necessary that there be A Cursus Philo- 
sophicus drawn up by the four universities, and printed, to 
the end that the unprofitable and noxious pains in writing be 
shunned." — p. 221. Compare the recommendation of the 
commissioners in 1648. "Because the diting of long notes 
have in time past proved a hindrance, not only to other 
necessary studies, but also to a knowledge of the text itself, 
and to the examination of such things as are taught, it is 
therefore seriously recommended by the commissioners to the 
dean and faculty of arts, that the regents spend not so much 
in diting of their notes ; that no new lesson be taught till the 
former be examined." — p. 244. That a disproportionate time 
was spent in the study of logic and philosophy may be seen 
from pp. 157, 243 seq. Appendix Nos. 2 and 3. To Professor 
Blackie {Journal of Class, and Sacred Philology, March 1855, 
35 n.) Edinburgh is indebted for an important reform : " It 
was long the disgrace of Scottish Universities that even the 
lowest elements of Greek were taught in the Universities. 
This practice is now abolished in Edinburgh. In the lowest 
class I now read Xenophon, Cebes, ApoUodorus, ^sop, 



12 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 

dictated by the regent, in wliicli five hours per day 
if not six was spent in writing, but little time in 
expounding or examining what was writ j this 
course he then deemed very dull and of slow pro- 
gress. The plague^ broke forth into the city in 
February after, which caused the classes much to 
hasten their yearly course to a speedy period to 
prevent the dissolution of the college ^ So that ere 
Lent was done the college broke up ; and he with 
his fellows to escape the infection were constrained 
to hasten unto Berwick on Tweed, giving notice 
by post to their parents to fetch them home. Thence 
after some days they returned homewards, having 
only one bad horse to two men. One of the horses 
breaking casually his leg, and that incurably, was 
left to die, and the rest leading another horse with 
all their books and baggage, they had but one horse 
left to carry three youths and their three men two 
at once their turns. Notwithstanding they thus 
travelled and footed it thirty-six Northumberland 



^lian, Homer. In the next class are read Diodorus, Euri- 
pides, Herodotus, Plutarch ; in ^ the highest, Pindar, ^s- 
chylus, Plato, Aristotle &c. " 

^ ^^In the month of April this year (1645) the plague 
again made its appearance in Edinburgh, of which great 
numbers died. The session of the college was on that account 
shortened; and in the beginning of May the students re- 
turned to their different homes." — Bower, Hist, of Univ. of 
Edinb. i. 204. Cf. Maitland, Hist, of Edinh. 85. 

2 So also at Cambridge 1637, 1638, 1641. Thoresby's 
Corresp. i. 130, Cooper's Annals. 



LIFE OF M. ROBIJSrSOK 13 

niiles^ (longer than fifty London miles) in one day : 
and hoping to rest in Newcastle, the governor, 
because they came from a place infected with the 
pest, by a guard of soldiers packed them out of 
Newcastle : the weary wights that evening were 
necessitated either still to travel or to lie down on 
the high moors, therefore at the last got to Ches- 
ter in the Street^ and straight to bed with an easy 
supper : where they after this fatigue slept the next 
day till noon ere they could move, and the next 
night they all drew near to their respective homes 
and parted. 

7. His mother^ gladly received her son though 
much Scottified in his habit and language, neither 
was he one day idle at home, but read over at 
leisure his tedious notes : yet much longed to go to 
the English universities. Therefore ere the end of 
May he took his venture again for Hull, designing 
to slip to Cambridge through the washes of Lin- 
colnshire, the higher road by Lincoln heath being 
much infested by the raparees^ of Newark^: and 

1 " Essex miles. These are cried up for very long ; under- 
stand it comparatively to those in the neighbouring county of 
Middlesex ; otherwise the northern parts will give Essex odds 
and measure miles therewith." — FuUer's Worthies (8vo. ed.), 

i. 497. 

2 Chester-Le- Street, 5^ m. N. Durham. 

3 "Daughter of Mr. Leonard Smelt." — Thoresby's Ducat, 
Leod. 263. 

^ " CertaiQ Irish robbers so called." PhUhps, World of 
Words. 

5 Clarendon (577. one vol. ed. Oxf. 1843) speaks of the 



14 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

having got a firm pass from the governor of HuIP, 
he with another companion of the same inclination 
passed the Humber into Lincolnshire, in company 
with some other persons of quality : but being on 
Caster Heath they were all forced to ride for their 
lives many miles being pursued by a party of 
Newarkers, who waited for such a prize : of these 
fugitives our student pars prima fuit : for though 
mounted with the worst, he came off with the first 
to Horncastle that night day^. The next day he 
and his companion resolved to get farther off the 
like danger going over several ferries in that washy 
country where enemies could not march: and 
getting to Spalding in Holland^, thought it not 
safe to lodge there that night, (the enemies army 
having just then taken Leicester^) but hastened for 

great disorders and excesses of the garrison of Newark at this 
time. In a letter (dated April 3, 1645) we read: '^The New- 
arkers took occasion to run over part of Holland where they 
got good store of booty and plunder." — Ellis, Ser. III. iv. 
232. Cf. ibid. 241. 

^ Lord Fairfax was appointed successor to Sir John Hotham 
July 22, 1643 (Fairf&iL Correspondence, Civil WarSyi. 5oseq.). 

^ i. e. *'m the evening of that day." 

3 A district in the south of Lincolnshire. 

4 Taken by the king May 31, 1645 (Gutch, Collect. Cur. 
i.441, Whitelock 148, Dickinson's NewarJc, 73 seq., Sprigge's 

England's Recover!/, pt. i. c. 5, §8, Ellis, Ser. III. iv. 250). 
On the 6th of June Sir S. Luke writes : *' The ill success of our 
forces in all parts . . . hath caused a deadheartedness in all 
people that they are struck with such a panic fear, that, if I 
am not deceived, the parhament cause was never in so declin- 
ing a condition as at present." — Ellis, 243. See esp. Eushw. 



LIFE OF M. ROBIFSON, 15 

Crowland^ a garrison wHther no enemies could 
come but by water I There he was kindly received 
of the governor, and appointed to a mean quarter, 
but could take no rest for swarms of night enemies, 
the gnats and hummers, thousands of which he left 
slain upon his bed. He used to say in relating this 
night's execution, Quis stragem illiics noctis, quis 
funera flendo Explicet^? Here he could not rest, 
but by break of day made to Peterborough that 
morning, where he took his rest a little and kept 
his sabbath that day devoutly : but that night the 
city was alarumed, notwithstanding they had four 
troops of horse in it ; so that our student was forced 
to fly again with the first, leaving the troops to 
make good his rear j and to Huntingdon he got by 
noon and to Cambridge^ safely ere night. 

8. He was at that time about seventeen years 
of age : yet was mightily ravished with the beauty 

vi. 35 seq. "When taken Leicester raised our thoughts and 
speech." — Cleveland's Poems (ed. 1687), 32S. ^'Upon this 
success it was generally thought that the king's party was the 
stronger." — Hobbes' Behemoth, part iii. 216. 
^ Or Croyland. 

2 Fuller says on the proverb : ''All the carts that come to 
Croivland are shod with silver. Venice and Crowland, sic 
canibus catulos, may count their carts alike ; that being sited 
in the sea, this in a morass and fenny ground, so that a horse 
can hardly come to it." — Worthies in Lincolnshire. 

3 Virg. ^n. ii. 362, where /a?ic?o. 

4 ''1645. June 9 got to Cambridge." — MS. Chron. Nov. 
4, 1645. "^go Matthgeus Eobinson Eichmondiensis juratus 
et admissus sum in discipulum hujus collegii pro doctore 
Lupton." St. John's College Register. 



16 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

of the colleges of Cambridge and with the exercises 
of the schools and colleges : much despising all that 
he had seen or learned in Scotland. And though 
of the second year in Edinburgh he entered himself 
freshman of the first year in St. John's college^ 
under the tuition of that darling of men Mr. Zachary 
Cawdrey"^, so famed then for loyalty learning and 
ingenuity, and after so noted in Cheshire for his 
singular zeal piety and moderation. The tutor doted 
on his new pupil and he on his tutor : and to his 

studv there he fell. 

«/ 

9. The logic^ which he unknowedly brought with 



1 Joseph Hill born at Bromley near Leeds an. 1625 had 
like Robinson been prevented by the troubles of the times 
from coming up in due course: he entered at St. John's in 
1644 (Calamy's Account &c. 81). 

2 See Index of Names. ^'I was admitted, in the very 
heat of the wars, in May loth, 1644, of St. John's College in 
Cambridge, pupil to that ingenuous, learned, and pious man, 
Mr. Zachary Cawdrey, fellow of that college. There was but 
nine admitted of that great college that year. And when I 
commenced master of arts, of that year there was but three 
commencers in our college. By reason of the troubles I dis- 
continued tiU the loth May after, 1645, and then I went up 
to continue." Newcome's Autobiogr. i. 7. 

^ "After he had learned some logic in the country I sent 
him up to Oxford." Martindale's Life, 188. ^'At the first 
entrance of his [Cambridge] studies, he applied himself to 
Peter Ramus his logic." Clarke's Lives (16 'j'j), 235. ''He 
had some scholars, whom he instructed in academical learning, 
reading lectures to them in logic and philosophy." — Ihid. 149. 
''I was there taught somewhat of logic, as a preparation to 
a further study of it in the university." — Wallis in Heame's 



LIFE OF M. ROBINS OK 17 

him from Scotland, served, him as the wings serve 
the ostriches, not to fly and mount yet to outrun 
all others of his year, so that he had a year's start 
of any other student all along. But he had not 
settled himself many nights in quiet, till the king's 
army broke into the associated counties, took Hun- 
tingdon^ and in parties came near to Cambridge, 



Langtoft (1725), i. cxlvi. ^' When I was come to the univer- 
sity ... I fonnd that beside the improvement of what skill I 
had in Latin, Greek and Hebrew languages . . . and other 
philologic studies, my first business was to be the study of 
logic." — Ihid. cxlix. D'Ewes before he resided in the univer- 
sity studied Seton's Logic {Autobiography, i. 108). Richard 
Holdsworth, D'Ewes' tutor, ''read unto him" during his 
first 18 months, '' all Seton's logic exactly, and part of 
Keckerman's and Molineus." — Hid. 121. ''He was a good 
university scholar, I mean logician and philosopher, . . . had a 
good measure of knowledge in the civil law, and in school 
divinity, an excellent historian and thoroughly studied in the 
common law, which he made his profession." Bramston's 
Autobiograpliy, 31. '' Ignoramus. Sunt magni idiotse et clerici 
nihilorum, isti Universitantes : miror quomodo spendisti tuum 
tempus inter eos. Musoeus. Ut plurimum versatus sum in 
Logica. Ignor. Logica? Quae villa, quod burgiim est Logical 
Mus. Est una artium liberalium. Ignor. Liberalium? Sic 
putabam. In nomine Dei, stude artes parcas et lucrosas : 
non est mundus pro artibus liberalibus jam. Mus. Deditus 
etiam fui amori Philoso^pMce."-^ Ignoramus, Act. i. Sc. 3. 

^ Aug. 24, 1645. Gutch, Collectan. Cur, ii. 444. See 
Cooper's Annals, iii. 394. " From thence [Huntingdon] he 
marched with the like expedition and celerity, faced the town 
and university of Cambridge; but out of his favourable re- 
gard to that place departed as suddenly; but yet the fright 
of his coming had driven the most factious out of colleges 

2 



18 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

on which alarum the bells rung backwards and 
the beacons were fired as if Hannibal had been 
at the gates : all the Cantabrigian students in four 
hours' time were all fled, two and three on an horse, 
and the rest footed it to friends in safer places. He 
being an absolute stranger left with another friend 
of his, by his advice betook themselves to his old 
stratagem, flying into marshy countries, and making 
to the isle of Ely, where enemies' horse could not 
come but by boat. But the country circumjacent 
being called in on pain of death to defend Cam- 
bridge, the rude rabble stopped him flying and beat 
his companion, bringing them back to Cambridge : 
after two or three escapes, other rustics treated 
them in like manner. He being thus brought back 
to Cambridge, and remembering his many flights 
of this nature, resolved never more to fly, though 
he died on the spot. Therefore to the castle in 
Cambridge he goeth, addressing himself to the then 
governor, who was a master of arts and a captain^, 
ofiering his service in that juncture to live and 
die in the defence of that citadel. The governor 
armed him with sword firelock and bandoliers', 



and town." — Heath's Chronicle, 88. ^'Understanding that 
the country were rising, and some forces from Cambridge 
coming against him, he went to Wobourne." — Whitelock's 
Memorials, i68. Cf. Nichols' Leicestersh. iii. Append. 60. 

^ In Bramston's Autohiogr. (Camd. Soc.) 124, Mildmay 
Col. of horse is spoken of as governor of Cambridge castle. 

2 See Archceologia, xxii. 98. Phillips {World of Words) 
thus defines it : '* Bandoleers or BandeUerSj little wooden 



LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 19 

taking him into his own post. In this castle 
he was upon his military duty every night, and 
in the mornings stole into the college with his 
gown, none knowing this his new adventure, until 
the king's forces were driven away : after this 
time he met with no interruption at all in his 
studies. 

lo. He fixed upon a settled resolve, to study 
seven hours per day at least : four of these hours 
he spent in philosophy, his morning study ; the 
afternoon hours he devoted litteris amcenioribus, 
viz. to Greek and Latin poets, until he had left 
none of moment unread, to history, geography, &c. 
If in any day he had failed of his task by company 
br term exercises in the schools and college, he 
would recover it on the night or ere the end of the 
week, and the university had not a more constant 
student. One week in three months he would set 
apai-t to town visits, and then he spared no money, 
appearing always abroad in excellent clothes; 
but at other times was close shut up in his stu- 



cases covered with leather; each of them containing the 
charge of powder for a musket; of which every musketeer 
wears twelve hanging on a shoulder-belt or collar." The 
puritans had WilHams's ^^ picture cut in brass, attired in his 
episcopal robes, with his square cap upon his head, and ban- 
dileers about his neck, shouldering a musket upon one of his 
shoulders, in one hand, and a rest in the other." — Heylin's 
Laud, 461. Compare Wood*s Life, July i, 1685, and Nares. 
Some may be seen at Windsor Castle, where they were 
placed by prince Eupert (Evelyn, Aug. 28, 1670). 

2—2 



20 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

dies, not to be seen but in the chapel and at his 
commons ^ 

II. The strength of his studies lay in the meta- 
physics^ and in those subtile authors for many years, 

^ " Do not wonder so mncli at our commons : they are 
more than many colleges have. Trinity itself (where Herring 
and Davies are) which is the famousest college in the univer- 
sity, have but three half- pence. We have roast meat, dinner 
and supper, throughout the week; and such meat as you 
know I not use to care for ; and that is veal : but now I have 
learnt to eat it. Sometimes, nevertheless, we have boiled meat, 
with pottage; and beef and mutton, which I am glad of; 
except Fridays and Saturdays, and sometimes Wednesdays ; 
which days we have fish at dinner and tansy or pudding for 
supper. Our parts then are slender enough. But there is 
this remedy : we may retire unto the butteries, and there 
take a half-penny loaf and butter or cheese; or else to the 
kitchen, and there take what the cook hath. But, for my 
part, I am sure, I have never visited the kitchen yet, since 
I have been here, and the butteries but seldom after meals ; 
unless for a ciza, that is, for a farthing- worth of small beer : 
so that lesse than a penny in beer doth serve me a whole day. 
Nevertheless, sometimes we have exceedings : then we have 
two or three dishes (but that is very rare) : otherwise never 
but one : so that a cake and a cheese would be very welcome 
to me : and a neat's tongue, or some such thing, if it would 
not require too much money . . . We go twice a day to chapel : 
in the morning about 7, and in the evening about 5. After 
we come from chapel in the morning, which is towards 8, we 
go to the butteries for our breakfast, which usually is five 
farthings ; a halfepenny loaf and butter, and a cize of beer. But 
sometimes I go to an honest house near the college, and have 
a pint of milk boiled for my breakfast." Strype to his mother, 
A. D. 1662 (Sir H. Ellis, Letters of Em. Literary Men, 177). 

2 See Appendix. 



LIFE OF M. ROBINSOF. 21 

wliich rendered him an irrefragable disputant de 
quolihet ente, and whilst he was but senior freshman 
he was found in the bachelor schools disputing ably 
with the best of senior sophisters^ As to ethics 
(excepting some solid questions belonging there- 
unto) and physics (abstracted from anatomy, astro- 
nomy, meteorology, and the natural history at 
large) he thought these jejune studies not exceeding 
one month's enquiry : and for the new philosophy ^ 
he was inter primos. He had a set of- inextricable 
arguments which few could ever give clear resolu- 
tion to, and into some of these he would in most 
questions easily trepan and decoy his adversary. 

I 2. Yet in his severest studies he could bestow 
one hour daily upon poetry and poetical exercises. 
The very first winter^ he composed in excellent 

^ On these disputations see appendix A. to Dr. Peacock's 
Observations on the Statutes &c., Newcome's Autohiography, 
i. 9. D'Ewes whether from disappointment or from fear of 
contamination (being somewhat of a precisian) soon gave 
them up. *' March the 7th and the day ensuing I repaired 
to the schools (where the bachelor commoners are forced to 
sit aU Lent, except they buy it out) and disputed extempore 
upon and with several senior sophisters (being myself yet but 
a junior sophister) but not finding so good success the second 
afternoon as I had done the first, and fearing also that this 
course would in time have engaged me into the society and 
acquaintance of some of the looser sort, I forbore going 
thither any more." — Autobiography, i. 158. 

2 See Appendix. 

^ '^ 1646. Dec. wrote his poem on Canticles." MS. 
Chron, 



22 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 

verse that polite poem of his called his iptoroTraiy- 
viov^y the book of Canticles in Latin verse, which 
he dedicated to his tutor for a new year's gift^, who 
was highly taken with his poetic genius : but this 
he never would permit to be published. 

1 Cf. Wood's Athence (William Yaughan) ii. 445 Bliss, 
Duport's Sylvce, 562. 

^ ^'1 thought to prepare some little treatise for a new- 
year's gift that Christmas." — Ascham's ScJwlemaster, (Pref. 
sign. B iii. ed. 15 71). In St. John's library is a MS. transla- 
tion (since printed) prefaced by a letter (Aschami Epist. ii. 4. 
ed. Ox. 1703) to Seton, both in Ascham's hand. The letter 
(dated Kal. Jan. 1542) speaks at some length of the practice 
of sending new-year's gifts. See a letter written by Elizabeth 
on the last day of the year 1544, and sent with a translation 
from the French (Wood's Letters, iii. 176) and another from 
prince Henry to his mother (MS. Lansd. 1236. 44). Many 
similar exercises are preserved among the MSS. of our Cam- 
bridge library. At a later date Dean Aldrich and Dr. Fell 
employed their more promising scholars in preparing editions 
of the classics for new year's gifts (Dyce, Pref. to Bentley's 
PhalariSy vii). Cf. Brand's Antiquities (ed. Bohn), i. 15 n., 
D'Ewes, i. 44 n., Bramston's Autobiography, 100, But the 
most curious illustrations may be found in Prynne's Histrio- 
mastix, where these gifts, the strence diabolicce of the council 
of Auxerre (Concil. Autisid. A. D. 578. canon i. Mansi IX. 
512: see also Corpus Juris Canon, ii pars, caus. 26, qu. 7. 
Cc. 13, 14, andHofmann's Lexicon, s. v. strence), are denounced 
as heathenish (580, 756, 757). The church, he says (756), 
'^prohibited all Christians under pain of excommunication 
from observing the kalends or first of January (which we 
now call new-year's day) and from sending abroad new-year's 
gifts upon it (a custom now too frequent) ; it being a mere 
relic of paganism and idolatry derived from the heathen 
Romans' feast of two-faced Janus." 



LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 23 

13. The fellows of the college seeing his in- 
genuity and modesty shewed all great respect nnto 
him and chose him scholar of the house, his first 
advance to his after fellowship. When senior 
sophister, he was appointed to be moderator^ of his 
year by his tutor Cawdrey then chosen proctor. 
But he being a noted royalist, the counter faction 
prevailed with the parliament to pursevant him and 
out him of his proctorship. The pursevant was 
sent down, who waited at the schools when the 
proctor was to make his first speech to the univer- 
sity ^; and upon his standing up to speak he served 
him with an arrest. Mr. Cawdrey spoke only those 
words of Otho : Hoc unum feci nohile, quod perii^, 
and so came down. But the students had thronged 
and kicked to death the pursevant, if his prisoner 
in pure pity had not guarded his guardian enemy. 

14. This sudden calamity befalling the tutor'* so 



1 ''Any bachelor or commencer may moderate whilst two 
sophisters dispute." — Dr. Peacock, App. B. Ixxii. Cf. App. A. 
ix, xi. "When he was senior sophister, he was chosen 
moderator of the sophisters' acts in the public schools, which 
was a place of great credit; and he began every act with a 
solemn speech in Latin, which was not usual in those days, 
and it added much grace to the act." — Life of Gouge in 
Clarke's Lives of Divines (1677), 235. See Calamy's notices 
of Thos. More Henry Sampson and Matthew Clarke {Ace. 
83, 85, cont. 582). 

2 Dr. Peacock, app. A. x, B. Ixx. 

3 Auson. CcBs, viii. 4. 

^ See the account of Cawdrey's persecution printed from 
the Lords' Journals in Cooper's Annals, iii. 418. His offences 



24 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 

affected and afflicted lois pupil that he was much 
dissatisfied with his tutor's enemies and out of love 
with that college life ; and expecting nothing but 
ruin to the church by the present times, he betook 
himself from that occasion to the study of physic, 
waiting only till he had fully commenced bachelor \ 
This he did more patiently for the time, because 
his tutor was restored to his fellowship, though 
injuriously deprived of his proctorship. But by 
the time that he was bachelor the army faction 
being victorious had seized king Charles the First 



were reading the book of commou prayer^ marrying with the 
ling, baptising witli the sign of the cross, praying for the 
king and contributing to his funds. Articles were preferred 
against him to the house of lords Oct. 30, 1647 ; he was 
deprived of his proctorship by that house Dec. 4, and restored 
to his senior fellowship Jan. 30, i64|-. 

1 '* 1648. took his bachelor's degree." MS. Chron. See 
some account of the proceedings at commencement and of the 
preparatory studies in D*Ewes, i. 145. Cf. the Life of Fai/r- 
dough in Clarke's Lives of Eminent Persmis (1683), 158. 
[" Soon after this the usual time came (according to the custom 
of the University) of this student's taking his first degree of 
bachelor of art. He performed aU his acts and disputations 
in the public schools in reference hereunto with great applause, 
and he sat in the schools to be posed by all or any master of 
arts that would examine him, and his grace was passed in the 
house (as the custom is) ; but when the day came that he 
should actually commence and receive his ensigns of honour, 
he withdrew from the university, and went into the country, 
and returned no more until Ashwednesday (the day of com- 
mencement) was past ; so that he continued Harry Sophister (so 
called), it being five years before he would have his cap put on."] 



LIFE OF 21. ROBIFSON. 25 

and brouglit liim up to London to Ms fatal trial ^ : 
this he so passionately resented, that he forthwith 
left the university, going to London, which he had 
never visited before, to await the tragical issue. 
There during the king's trial he joined with those 
who kept solemn days of fasting^ for the averting 
that national sin and judgement. But the king 
being sentenced to death, he had not the heart to 
stay the execution, but posted home to his Mends 
in the north, that under his guard he might see 
what God would do to the city. 



^ The commissioners first met Jan. 20, and Charles was 
beheaded Jan. 30, 164!^. 

2 '^I kept the day of his martyrdom a fast." Evelyn's 
Diary, Jan. 30, 164I-. TJssher ''kept that day as a private 
fast as long as he Hved." Parr's Life of Ussher, "ji. Cf. Life 
of Philip Henry (ed. Williams), 19. So also Hammond 
(Wordsworth, Led. Biography^ iv. 337, 356). See in the 
Complete History (^nd ed.), iii. 181 n., a list of protests against 
the execution; add others by William Sedgwick (Calamy, 
Contin. 155). The two most remarkable are (both in the 
Cambridge Library, LI. 8. 51): ''A serious and faithful! 
Representation of the Judgements of Ministers of the Gospell 
Within the Province of London. Contained in a Lettek from 
them to the G-enerall and his Councell of Waeee. Deliv- 
ered to his Excellency by some of the subscribers. Jan. 18, 
1648." London, 4to. 1649; ^^^ ^he "Vindication of the 
Ministers of the Gospel in and about London from the unjust 
Aspersions cast upon their former Actings for the Parliament, 
as if they promoted the bringing of the King to Capital] 
punishment. With A short Exhortation to their People to 
keep close to their Covenant- Ingagement." London, 4to. 
1648. 



26 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

15. At home lie spent his time in the study of 
physic and the best institutions, few of which he 
had not read and thoroughly digested. Herbary was 
his walking recreation (as it had been in Cam- 
bridge), going often many miles to find out some 
rare plant. 

16. After five or six months retirement at 
home, the fellows in Christ's college (to few whereof 
he was known save by a good report, except to Dr. 
Widdrington^ after university orator and the lady 
Margaret professor) upon a vacant fellowship chose ^ 
him out of St. John's college according to the rules 
of the foundress ^ But a man of the times procured 
in despite of that free election a mandamus from 
the powers then in being. The college was willing 
at their own charge to maintain the election'*, or 

^ See Index of Names. 

2 " 1649. Sept. chosen fellow of Christ's coll." MS. Uhron. 

^ '^ Socios eligi volumus ex discipulis, si id fieri commode 
possit, aut si non possit, ex aliis intra universitatem." Stat coll. 
CJiristiy c. 26. In the statutes of St. John's college we read : 
" Prseferantur etiam in hac electione post alumnos proprios 
ii qui fuerint in coUegio Christi, si magis idonei videantur." 
cap. 12 [De sociorum qualitatihus). Thus for Cleveland ^Hhe 
lady Margaret drew forth both her breasts. Christ's college 
. . . gave him admission, and St. John's a fellowship." Life 
before his Worlcs, ed. 1687. 

4 In 1649 there is an entry in the books at Christ's : ^' Spent 
about the lapsed fellowship £54. 6s. lOcZ." In that year Rust 
is entered as new fellow vice Reading, and Fuller vice Langley, 
and then, in paler ink, Sedgwick is added. In 1650, Ds. Bull 
is entered in a new hand. Probably either Sedgwick or Bull 
was the '' man of the times." 



LIFE OF M. ROBIXSON, 27 

otherwise to maintain him as supranumerary : but 
he in great modesty declined to be that burden and 
trouble to his friends, though his name continued 
long after in the college tables as fellow. 

17. Under these disappointments he lived pri- 
vate six months longer, designing then to travel 
into Italy, and to commence doctor in Padua ^ : but 



^ Lin acre, Caius, Harvey, Nicliolas Ferrar, Bastwick, 
Evelyn {Diary, 1645 and 1646), and Henry Sampson (Calamy) 
all studied medicine at Padua. Robinson's friend, Sir T. 
Browne, after taking his B.A. at Oxford, spent some time at 
Montpellier and Padua, then the chief schools of physic, and 
was afterwards created M.D. at Ley den. His son Edward 
afterwards followed in his steps, for he writes: '^The ana- 
tomies at Padua begin the second day in Lent, where, G-od 
willing, I shall be." Sir T. Browne's Works (ed. Wilkin), 
i. 91 : cf. the next letter. '' The sciences most studied in this 
university [Padua] are law and physic. It is governed by two 
syndics, annually chosen by the votes of scholars ; one is of 
the lawyers and other artists, and the other of the physicians. 
Mr. Finch, an EngUshman, was syndic at my being there. 
Under the syndics there are consuls, of which every nation 
has one. In the schools public lectures are read, mornings 
and afternoons, of law physic philosophy humanity and 
frequently of anatomy. Most that pass this way enter them- 
selves of this university for the immunities they enjoy thereby 
both here and elsewhere in the state of "Venice. If they have 
a mind to pass doctor, little learning procures it with as little 
expense, the greatest difficulty to obtain it being the applying 
for it." Reresby's Memoirs, 60. Before this time Ascham 
speaks of "the common going of Englishmen into Italy." 
Scholemaster, Prsef. sign. B. ii. vers. (ed. 1571 : see the fuller 
discussion, ihid. 23 seq.) As regards Padua see the preface 



28 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 

his private fortunes would not support that project, 
having only £ 40 per annum annuity. Therefore he 
sought to go tutor to the two sons of a great 
baronet, who intended to repose that trust in his 
conduct. And that failing, his next attempt was 
to go gentleman in the retinue of a neighbouring 
knight, then preparing to go residentiary ambassar 
dor for Ligorne. Pursuant to this his design he 
made up what sums of money he could corrade, 
thinking to take monies for his annuities for three 
years. But the providence of God designed him 
for better things and a more useful service, as soon 
appeared. Taking leave of all his friends, who never 
expected to see him more in his tender and con- 
sumptive condition, he took his journey for London 
alone in the very depth of winter ; but in his way 
was resolved to take leave of all his acquaintance 
in Cambridge, especially in St. John's and Christ's 
college, where he had received that titular honour of 
a fellow. 

1 8. At that very time they were preparing 
for an election ^ of fellows in St. John's, and many of 
his dear friends solicited him to try his fortune in 
the approaching election ; but he despaired of that, 
having but two or three senior fellows from whom 



to Thos. Wylson's translation of the Olynthiacs (London. H. 
Denham. 1570). 

^ From Calam. Contin. 125, it appears that a fellowship 
examination included versification, viva voce questions, and 
other exercises. 



LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 29 

he could expect common favour \ The rest were of 
the opposite faction^, enemies to his tutor and to 
him for his sake. Yet at that time all hearing that 
he was upon his way for Padua, a senior fellow of 
great interest, whom he took for his greatest enemy, 
because his tutor's enemy, and one whom in petty 
revenge he had often with his will abused for his 
tutor's sake, was so Christian and generous, as to 
send a friend in private to him, wishing him to 
tarry the election, and he should not want a friend 
of him. This strangely affected him, to see himself 
cut down with unexpected kindness, and was per- 
suaded to sit as candidate. And in the election the 
master Dr, Arrowsmith^, who had a latent favour 
Tor him, with the majority of the seniors chose him 
fellow^ with the first, and by the proctor's indul- 
gence had sent him unsought the seniority of all his 
year'. 

^ See a curious instance of tlie manner in which private 
feelings were allowed to influence these elections in Calamy, 
Contin. 123: cf. Pepys, Diary, Feb. 27, 166^. 

2 ^' There was a bitter feud between the old fellows and 
the new ; and indeed because most of the religious were for 
the parliament and of the new fellows' party, &c." Newcome's 
Autohiogr. i. 7. 

3 See Index of Names. 

4 "Apr, 3tio 1650. Ego Matth. Eobinson Dunelmensis 
admissus sum in perpetuum socium pro D. Fundatrice.'* 
Baker, and MS. Chronol. *'Y. admissiones scholar, an. 1645, 
ubi se Richmondiensem jurat. Q." Baker in Hist, of St. 
John's. MS. 

^ Newcome complains of being called last to be admitted 



30 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

19. He being tlius providentially arrested, was 
no sooner fellow but some persons of quality im- 
portuned him to take relations of theirs under bis 
tuition ; wbicb be refused not, and for tbe time be 
continued in tbe college (wbicb proved not long) no 
tutor was more careful and diligent to improve bis 
pupils^ some wbereof became most eminent doctors 
in tbeir respective professions, di\inity pbysic and 
tbe civil law. He being tbus posted to bis own 
desire, be fell to tbe perfecting all bis former 
studies. His tutor bad instituted bim first in tbe 
civil law, and be bimself bad gone tbe circuit of 
tbe sciences^, in none of wbicb be was a stranger. 
Tbe closer study of divinity be tben did not intend, 
only so mucb of it as served bim for discourse dis- 
pute^ and common exercises : but for scbool divinity 
and critical tbeology none were bis equals ; being 
able to tie sucb knots as few knew bow to loose. 
Tbe study tbat be mainly pursued was pbysic, bis 

M.A., though senior of his year (June 24, 1651), at which 
time he '^had some discourse with Sir Robinson, my old 
friend of St. John's" (Autobiogr. i. 30). Sir is equivalent 
to Dominus (Ds.), which is still prefixed to the names of 
graduates. See an amusing anecdote in Nichols, Lit. Anecd. 
i. 662. 

^ So Samuel Ogden is represented (Calamy, Account, 192 
seq.) as a proficient in Hebrew, Greek and Latin, especially 
Latin verse composition, in mathematics, natural philosophy, 
anatomy, botany, music, as well as in metaphysics and 
divinity. 

2 See Duport's verses {Musce Subsec. 200 seq.) '*In dis- 
putandi pruritum et inanes theologorum controversias." 



LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 31 

intended profession; and therefore proceeded in 
dmgs as lie had done in herbs, and in all pharma- 
copoeias, acquainting himself with apothecary shops ^ 
and the nature of compounded medicines, chjmical 
experiments, &c. ; and in anatomy he was the most 
exquisite inquirist of his time, leaving no anatomist 
unread nor secret unsearched, insomuch that he was 
invited by some learned persons in other colleges 
many years his senior to shew them vividisections 
of dogs^ and suchlike creatures in their chambers, 
to whom he shewed the whole history of the circu- 
lation, the vence lactece^, the cutting of the recurrent 
veins in the neck^ with many experiments then 

^ ''The knowledge of plants^ animals, and minerals, . . . 
so far as concerns physic, is attainable in gardens, fields, 
apothecaries' and druggists' shops." — Sir T. Browne {Worlcs, 
1836, i. 356). 

2 See Glanvill's Plus ultra, 12 — 19, and Barrow in the 
Appendix. Dog-flayer seems to have l^een a nick-name given 
to anatomists. " Your false suggestion of dog-flaying will 
never make this great man the less an anatomist." — Dialogue 
between Philiater and Momus, London, 1686, 73. "I have 
now by the frequency of living and dead dissections of dogs 
run through the whole body of anatomy," says a Cambridge 
scholar, Sept. 15, 1648 (Browne, i. 360). Cf. Appendix. 

3 SeeHaiveii Ope^ra (1766), 621. The author usually read 
on this subject was Asellius cle venis lacteis (Browne, i. 360). 

^ "In jugulari vena interna denudata damse vivse . . . per 
medium divisa et abrupta, ex parte inferiori, e clavicula sur- 
gente, vix guttae quasdam prodierunt sanguinis ; quando magno 
impetu, et rotundo fluore prorumpente, longius deorsum e 
capite, per alterum illius venae orificium, sanguis uberrime 
scaturiebat." Ihid. 126. 



32 LIFE OF M. ROBIFSON. 

novel, to great satisfaction, and no augur ever was 
more familiar with bowels than he : every week 
having some singularity or other of this nature to 
search in. Insomuch that one morning having been 
busy in his chamber with anatomising a dog, and 
coming to dinner into the college hall, a dog there 
smelling the steams of his murdered companion 
upon his clothes, accosted him with such an unusual 
bawling in the hall that all the boys^ fell a laughing, 
perceiving what he had been a doing, which put 
him to the blush. 

20. For his more methodical directions in that 
study, he had the particular instructions of Dr. 
Brown of Norwich, then famed ^ for his Religio Me- 
(/ia, which he much valued, and had from the same 
doctor some epistolary resolutions^ of many ques- 

^ i. e. Undergraduates. So in a letter written to Bancroft 
by H. Paman, of St. John's Coll., Nov. 21, 1655 (in Baker*s 
MSS. XXXIV. 125): ''Here is no news, only the new Vice- 
chancellor seems to be busy and active, and has promised 
great things; to reduce the regent house into a far better 
order, by which he means to cut off all opportunity of making 
desigTis and parties there : to keep up the solemnity of disputa- 
tions, that they shall not sneak into formahties only : and 
which yet is the hardest (for it is harder to rule hoys than 
men), he resolves to still the impudent rage of the sophisters." 

^ See on the numerous editions and translations of this 
book Wood's Athence, iv. 56, 57, and Johnson's Life of Sir T. 
Browne, Browne's Worlcs, i. 366 seq., Duport's Sylvce, 210. 

^ The character of this correspondence may be gathered 
from Sir T. Browne's Miscellaneous Correspondence (i. 352 seq.) 
See esp. 356. 



LIFE OF M, ROBIFSOK 33 

tions, touching the chyle turning white, the blood 
red from white chyle, and the mill?: again white 
from blood, &c. \ This while of his abode he was 
the darling of the college, beloved of scholars fellows 
and seniors for his comity candour and ingenuity, 
and nothing that he desired was denied him. And 
for his old enemy which proved so much his friend 
at the election, he never ceased to accumulate upon 
him fresh favours whilst he lived, and when 
he died, never was obliged man more passionately 
affected with the loss of a dearest friend than he. 

21. In this satisfaction he lived to himself and 
others not two full years, till it pleased the most 
wise God (whose counsels designed him for better 
employ) to give a sudden check to this his career in 
medicinal studies, by the vacancy of a church 
living^ in his native county belonging to his family^, 
the presentation whereunto was left to him as his 
chief portion. This he thought the greatest afflic- 
tion that ever had befallen him, to lea.ve his present 
paradise and change his course of life and studies : 
yet the importunity of his mother and dearest 
relations called him down, and would receive no 

^ See Harvey's letter to Dr. Morison {Worhs, Sydenh. 
Soc. 604 seq.) 

^ ^^1651 got BurnestoD living, the preceding vicar dying 
May 28, 1651."— Jf*S^. Chron. In Whitaker's Richmondshire, 
ii. 128, is an engraving of the old parish church. 

2 *'In the year 1634 Willm. Eobinson, of Rokeby, gent. 
presented : in his family the advowson appears to have con- 
tinued for several turns . " — Ibid, j<i. 

3 



34 LIFE OF M. ROBINSOJSF, 

naysay. Loth was he to lose that his inheritance 
and as loth to forego that his beloved fellowship : 
but unwillingly he accepted the presentation and 
passed his triers ^ at London ; being well able to 
deal with the ablest disputants of them even in 
theology. Then taking care of resigning his pupils 
to another tutor in his absence, he came to his 
living, and preached^ some sermons to them with 
great applause, by the strength of his learning and 
parts, though he had never preached before. At 
that time ^ he was near twenty-three years of age. 

22. The times being then turbulent and factious, 
he would not enter into holy orders, but kept an 
ancient curate (whom he found upon the spot) to 
administer the sacraments. He continued thus in 



^ Much information on these examinations may be ob- 
tained from the letters of Wallis (himself a trier) to Matthew 
Poole (Baker's MS. Cambridge, xxxiv. 460 seq., Grey on 
Neal's 4th vol. App. No. 83 seq.). See too Inquisitio Angli- 
cana, or The Disguise discovered. Shelving The Proceedings 
of the Commissioners at Whitehall^ for the Approbation of 
Ministers, in The Examinations of Anthony Sadler. . . . Lond. 
4to. 1654 (St. John's Coll. Libr. Hh. 3. 30), Collier, ii. 840 
seq., Grey on HudlhraSy part i. c. 3, vv. 1152, 1156, John 
Goodwin's 'BacravKTral, or the Triers tried and cast, London, 
1657. 4*<^> Patrick's Autobiography , 31, Baxter's Life, Lib. 
I. Pt. i. § it6. The fullest account known to me is in Han- 
buiy's Historical Memorials, iii. 422 seq. 

2 *^ The manner of those times were for young men to 
preach before they were in holy orders." — V d^^ivick! & Autohiogr. 
19. 

^ *^ Aug. 51." Note in old hand. 



LIFE OF j\L ROBIFSON', 35 

some uncertainty till master of arts^ and a year 
after, holding still Ms fellowship, being sometimes 
in the college, sometimes at his li^dng, halting 
betwixt two. But when he saw that parliament 
of anabaptists^ chosen, and all sober men judged that 
it was a deadly crisis, prognosticating the ruin of 
both churches and. universities, if God had not pre- 
vented, he then sold all his household stuff, and 
fully prepared in two months' time to resign his 
living to a worthy and pious divine his neighbour, 
and to betake himself to the college again and his 
last reserve the study of physic. 

23. But the wisdom of God unexpectedly ap- 
pearing ctTTo fxr]')(avri^, disappointed those anabaptists 
when so predominant, the sober party in the house 
by secret compact one morning carrying the mace^ 

1 A. D. 1652. Reg. Acad. 

2 Barehone's paoiiament met July 4th, 1653, and resigned 
their power Dec. 12 tlie same year. *^Tliey thought fit, that 
all lands belonging to the universities, and colleges in those 
universities, might be sold, and the monies that should arise 
thereby, be disposed for the public service." — Clarendon, book 
xiv. ^ ^ It [the parliament] is composed of a great party of 
anabaptists." — Thurloe, i. 393. See Baxter's Life, lib. I. 
pt. I, § 113. Mr. Forster and other writers grant no quarter 
to those who retain the historical form Barebone (not Bar- 
bone). To one who has any acquaintance with the literature 
of the time, printed or manuscript, an e more or less in the 
spelling of a word must seem an unworthy bone of contention : 
such as it is however, authority, as M. Guizot shews, is for 
Barebone. 

3 So Kennett, Compl. Hist iii. 208, and Hobbes, Behe- 
moth, part iv. 301. Compare EUis, Ser. 11. iii. 373. 

3—2 



36 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 

to the protector Oliver and resigning up to him 
their charge of church and commonwealth ; whilst 
he was housing in London to see the tragical issue 
of their consultations. Then speeded he back to 
the college to resume his place and trust again. 
But God so ordered it that his dearest friends in 
the university were scattered, some to livings, others 
married away, so that he found not that satisfac- 
tion there as formerly. Nor had he quiet in his 
breast, bearing with him a storm there, like Jonah 
flying ft^om his ministry. Therefore after a month 
or six weeks spent in melancholy thoughts, he took 
a solemn resolve by God's leave to return unto his 
people and ministerial duty, and live and die in 
that service, however the times should strive. And 
tha-t he might never more have the like temptation 
of deserting his charge, he resigned his fellowship ^ 
to a pupil of his own^ that he loved, whom the 
college for his sake chose : and then he purposed to 
enter into sacred orders to fix his mind the more, 

^ '' 1654. resigned his fellowship and took orders." — MS. 
Chron. Scholarships and fellowships were at this time avow- 
edly bestowed from motives of private friendship. *'The 
courtesy of his election he ever would acknowledge to Doctor 
Nevil the most magnificent master of Trinity college and dean 
of Canterbury, to whom when his father, tliough unacquainted, 
presumed to address in behalf of his son, &c." — Hacket's Z^y(?, 
V. ''Which [preferment] he obtained by his own merits, 
without the intercession of friends to hoist or heave him up." 
— Ihid. vi. 

2 The fellows admitted April 4, 1655 wereThos. Longland 
Line, Jas. Chamberlaine Leic, and Edw. Webstre Ess. 



LIFE OF if. ROBINSON, 37 

and was episcopally ordained ' at a time wlien few 
bishops were known to be in England, not approving 
any other ordination legal or regular, except in 
cases of necessity and of collapsed discipline. 

24. As before in his medicinal studies he had 
the directions of one famous in that faculty, so now 
in the serious study of divinity he had consulted 
one of the best preachers and most eminent men of 
the land, Mr. Bovdes^: to whom he was deservedly 
dear to his death, though he was not of the same 
judgement with him as to episcopacy and the times. 
From him he received a singular institution, not 
inferior to that pastor evangelicus^ of his father's, 
with the recommendation of the best books to make 
him a right textman and practical preacher : neither 
did he shame his copy and master, being second to 
none in concionalary elocution. Many resorted to 
his church from other parts to hear him preach : 



^ So Kidder, afterwards bisnop, was ordained in Crom- 
well's time by Brownrig, bishop of Exeter. See also Evelyn's 
Diary, May 7, 1656, March 4, 166^. '^When the church 
was covered in ruins, he discerned her beauty ; and received 
holy orders from one of those ejected confessors, who during 
the devastation did secretly preserve the apostolical discipline." 
— Dr. Isham's Funeral Sermon on Dr, John Scott, 23. See 
Patrick's Autohiogr. 23, Wood's A thence, iv. 843 n. 

^ See Index of Names. 
' ^ Oliver Bowles's De Pastor e evangelico (London, 4to. 
1649) "^^s recommended by Dr. Harris (Clarke's Lives of 
Divines, iS'j'j, 332). See a notice of Bowles, ibid. 76, 77. 
Cf. Calamy, Contin. 198. 



38 LIFE OF M. ROBINSOK 

and in his own parish he had a worthy personage 
of great knowledge piety and power ^, who with his 
precious lady^ and pious family did exceedingly love 
and admire him, besides many knowing Christians 
in his parish. Some of these he found knowing, but 
many such he left behind him more knowing in all 
the mysteries of godliness, and though he never had 
any children of his own, he begot to Christ many 
sons and daughters, who will yet rise up and call 
him father. 

25. He was no sooner settled in his place, but 
he met with a great diversion to his ministerial 
employ, for not only friends and relations, but many 
others well knew that he was brought up a phy- 
sician^ and therefore consulted him often in their 
distempers and infirmities : and though he could not 
peremptorily decline such importunities, yet he did 
with much modesty answer their desires, yet 'still 
referring them to the advice of more experienced 

1 No doubt Thomas Harrison of Allertliorpe, Esq. "homo 
virtuti simillimus, bonis omnibus carus^ &c./' whose epitaph 
in Burneston chancel was composed by his "lugubris amicus, 
M. E." He died Dec. 29, 1687 (Whitaker, ii. 129). 

^ Mary Harrison ^^natalibusclara, corpore clarior^ dotibus 
animse clarissima, quse, cum mundum maritumque fehci 14 
iiberorum prole beasset, in Domini gremio placide obdormivit/* 
25 Jun. 1679 (^'^^^•) 

^ '* After his [Eichard Perrot's] ejectment for nonconfor- 
mity he lived for some time with Dr. Eobinson of Barniston, 
and studied and practised physic with good success." — Calamy, 
Account, 784. Baxter {Life, Hb. i. pt. i. 83, 89) also pre- 
scribed for his congregation at Kidderminster. 



LIFE OF if. ROBINSON, 39 

physicians for many years. But his name being once 
up, he could not continue himself longer in that 
privacy. Amongst many gentlemen thus applying 
to him, was sir Joseph Cradock^ the commissary of 
the archdeaconry of Kichmond, who often consulted 
him for himself and family with great success; but 
finding him shy and nice in writing bills ^ or any- 
thing that looked like a professed physician, he sent 
to him under the seal of the office a licence to 
practise physic, that he might not have any excuses 
longer, and this proved to him a great unhappiness. 
For he was sent for by some dukes and peers with 
many baronets knights and great men upon the 
like account : some of whom (as being at too great 
a distance) he absolutely refused, others he was 
induced to gratify, that of friends he might not 
make them enemies. Insomuch that in short time 
he had but little time left him to his own studies, 
being three or four days per week and often more 
carried unwillingly abroad to visit patients ; and 
when he was at home, his house was much visited 



^ Often mentioned in Cartwright's Diary (Camd. Soc). 
^'My son John signed an indenture and bond to Mr. Cradock 
not to meddle with the profits of the commissary's place 
during his life." — 64. 

2 Prescriptions. So Butler: ^'Like him that took the 
doctor's bill, And swallow'd it instead o'th'pill." — Hudibras, 
part i. c. I, vv. 603, 604. Mr. Dyce (Marlowe's FavMus, 
vol. ii. p. 7) wrongly understands the word to mean a i^lacard 
in the lines: *'Are not thy bills hung up as monuments, 
Whereby whole cities have escaped the plague ?" 



40 LIFE OF M. ROBINSOF, 

by friends of the best quality : yet to redeem the 
time he was continually reading, mornings and 
nights, nay on the very road as he travelled \ and if 
he could but have stolen half an hour from his com- 
pany and patients he was still employed in his books, 
rarely spending one vacant moment without reading 
or writing ; neither would he (except in necessity 
insuperable) have failed to preach twice each Lord's 
day, excepting when his curates took their turns. 
And one advantage he had above most men living, 
that he read whole authors currente oculo, and yet 
deliberately, and writ whole volumes currente 
calamo. Insomuch that he who considered what he 
read would wonder how he could write so much, 
and he that had his writings had cause to question 
his great readings. Nay, though several persons 
had been all in the room with him talking at once, 
he would be reading and writing, often without the 
least distraction, yet well heard what every one 
spoke and gave suitable answers to each. 

26. In his medicinal practice, he had prodigious 
success, especially in the checking and curing of 
consumptions (being well instructed from his own 
hectical constitution, as well as from books : and in 

1 '^I read most part of the way from Oxford to Whaddon 
the Scrijotores HistoricB Augustce, it being my custom in my 
walks to read some book." — Letters from the Bodleian, ii. 178. 
(Hearne.) ''When he [Hammond] walked abroad .... he 
never failed to take a book with him, and read all the while." 
— Wordsworth's Fed. Biogr, iv. 354. So too William Brad- 
shaw. See his Life in Clarke (ed. 1677, 59)- 



LIFE OF if. ROBINSON, 41 

that he had a peculiar method of his own, known then 
to few or none, but such as after took it up from 
him. No man had a steadier judgement of pulses 
and patients, for he could see danger at a great dis- 
tance, and rarely missed in his prognostications, and 
therefore in all such cases he pressed the counsels of 
abler physicians. And though he refused to under- 
take the cases of many patients, seeing them despe- 
rate, he never denied any to join in counsel with 
the most learned physicians of the land ; often 
reporting those odd cases of patients even to the 
college of physicians by a polite Latin pen, whereof 
he was a great master as well as of the Latin 
tongue. 

27. But his concerns still growing upon him 
both at home and abroad by his own affairs and 
many trusts reposed in him, he was very weary of 
those avocations given him by patients, studying all 
honest excuses to shift them off, yet could he not 
fairly rid himself thereof, for twelve years, till it 
pleased God about the fifty-fourth year of his age to 
give him a writ of ease, smiting him with the stone 
in the bladder, which disabled him quite from 
walking coaching or riding, and by this so charge- 
able a release he obtained his desired liberty of per- 
fecting for ever his studies in divinity, devoting 
himself to the sacred word wholly ; preaching more 
frequently and fervently than ever, as waiting 
monthly for his dissolution. And in that juncture 
of time (notwithstanding his daily extremities of 
pain by the strangury) he undertook that laborious 



42 LIFE OF M. EOBINSOK 

work of his annotations^, for which he had been 
storing many years. When he began the work he 
despaired of seeing the end of Genesis : yet in six 



1 *' 1685 or 1686 began Annot. on Bible: 1688, May 18 
Annot. on Esther finisM: 1689, Sept. 30. Isaiah finishd: 
1690, Dec. Revelations finisM." — MS. Chron. The anno- 
tations on the New Testament are now in the possession of 
the E,ev. Dr. Jackson, of the Wesleyan college, Richmond, to 
whose courtesy I am indebted for an account of them. He 
sets a high value upon the volumes, which he purchased four 
or five years ago from Mr. Brown, the theological bookseller 
of Old Street. They are two large folios in excellent pre- 
servation and beautifully written. They contain no note of 
ownership. The title of the work, which is mostly in Roman 
letter, and appears to have been written by a later hand than 
the work itself, is as follows : '' Annotations upon the New 
Testament with various Observations and Reflections upon the 
Respective places Historicall Chronologicall Geographical and 
Philosophical. Wherein all dark places are cleared. Dissent- 
ing places Reconciled, Doubtfull Cases and Questions resolved. 
With Several Diatribse or Discussions added to the ends of 
most Books concerning some material Difficultyes in the same 
too large for the Annotations. Together with Pertinent pre- 
faces to each Book concerning the Author the Authority and 
Argument of the Book and a Large Preliminary Introduction 
to the Bible, being a Directory to all such as would throughly 
study and understand the Sacred Scriptures. By the late 
Reverend and Learned Divine Mr. Matthew Robinson. A.M." 
The work is in double columns. It contains the whole of the 
sacred text in a larger hand than that in which the anno- 
tations are written. At the end of the second volume is this 
note: ''Now to Him that is the Alpha and Omega, the be- 
ginning and the end, cap. 22. 13, to that God who hath 
supported me in a weak and crazed condition in going through 



LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 43 

years' time lie lived to finish the whole : writing 
every day one sheet or more of paper on both sides. 

28. So pressing was his infirmity, that he could 
not stand in the pulpit his last six years, yet would 
he sit in it upon an high stool, and thence delivered 
those oracles of God tanquam ex tripode, and such 
was the indulgence and pity of God to his servant 
this while, that though he had few hours of ease 
per diem, being four or ^yq times a day forced to 
his bed : yet he was never disabled from preaching 
his set times, twice per day, the sabbaths constantly 
afibrding him those hours of ease and rest : though 
from the pulpit after he was often forced to his 
bed. 

29. The occasion of these his annotations was 
as foUoweth. He being much- versed himself in all 
critical authors was one of the first who with his 
pen and purse ^ did encourage his intimate friend 
Mr. Poole ^ to undertake his Synopsis of the critics, 
having learning and leisure the best to do it. He 
sent him many advertisements touching that work 
and ofiered him the assistance of his pains (if he 
would have singled out some others associates to 
him) in collecting all those scattered notions and 

all these Books of Holy Scripture from tlie very first to the 
last, To Him be Honour and Glory from all his Saints and 
Me his unworthy Servant Matthew Robinson." 

^ In the Prceloqidum to the fifth volume of Poole's Synop- 
sis, he names amongst other munificent patrons, ^^Matthseum 
Kobiuson, Reverendum Theologum in agro Eboracensi." 

^ See Index of Names. 



44 LIFE OF M. ROBIFSON. 

criticisms found in those authors which he himself 
abridged not, hundreds of which have quite escaped 
his labours. But when the work w^as finished in 
so many volumes that he saw them so stuffed with 
the trash of Clarius and such his critical authors, as 
great barns filled with straw and chaff" and much 
empty of grain, he was much bilked of his expecta- 
tions. And though Mr. Poole made the world a 
good mends in his English annotations \ yet still he 
saw, that the w^ork might be much farther improved 
for the use of all learned men and such as delight in 
the study of the scriptures : and for their sake there- 
fore he undertook that painful task in his dying and 
languishing condition. For though he himself used 
to say of himself modestly, nullus sum in Hebraicis, 
yet few men were better furnished than himself 
with that variety of Kabbinical notions, Hebrew 
customs and antiquities, which he had collected and 
digested from many critical authors. 

30. But leaving him for a little to these his 
serious and severer studies, let us recreate ourselves 
a little with his diversions. When he fixed himself 
in his ministerial calling, to prevent the common 
scandalous imputations of bachelor housekeeper^, he 

1 Poole himself went to the end of the 56th ch. of Isaiah. 
The authors of the remaining parts of the work are given in 
Thoresby's Correspondence, i. 250. 

2 '* If he be unmarried and keep house, he hath not a 
woman in the house," &c. — Herbert's Country Parson, c. 9. 
''Good reason then for a bachelor to walk very strictly, to 
shun the defamation of his chastity. Therefore this man 



LIFE OF 21. ROBINSOF. 45 

married a gentlewoman^ of good family and parts 
with a competent fortune, about the twenty-eighth 
year of his age, with whom he lived all his life, 
but never had any children ; yet wanted not good 
store of nephews and relations, who were to him as 
so many adopted children, in life and at his death. 

31. To recreate himself sometimes he had in his 
active and youthful years a small pack of beagles, 
with which he usually hunted^ once per week; and 
fine horses being his great delight, he never wanted 
a choice gelding of great value for his pleasure in 
galloping, and a beautiful cuiiously going pad for 
his saddle : never appealing abroad but rarely 

would suffer no woman-kind to do any service witiiin his 
gates. Thougli they are finer-handed than men for cleanh- 
ness, yet better to endure a Httle dust in the rooms, than that 
a single man should have their company." — Eacket's Life of 
Williams, Part ii. 35. Calamy, Contin. 209 (of young chap- 
lains). 

1 "1657. Oct. 12 marryd Jane the Dr. of Mark Picker- 
ing of Ackworth in West rideing Com. Ebor. Esq. She was 
bom Dec. 14, 1631." — MS. Chron. Her great-grandfather 
was Archbishop Toby Matthew, and she was still Hving in 
171 2 (Thoresby's Ducat. Leod. 212). 

^ Richard Pothwell '*'gave himself to hunting, bowling, 
shooting, more than became a minister of the Gospel." — 
Clarke's MaHyrologie (165 1), 453. Seth Ward (Pope's Life 
of Ward, 74) and his Fidv^ Achates sometimes ''by chance 
chopped upon the dogs, and sometimes by my contrivance, 
knowing whereabouts they intended to hunt, but however, 
and whenever it happened, the bishop would ride a ring or 
two very briskly." Cf. EuUer's Wonhies in Cheshire {TJws. 
Savage). 



46 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

mounted and in rich, clothes, above the common 
rate of clergymen ; being a companion for gentle- 
men of the greatest quality, except he saw them 
given to swearing and debauchery ; for drunken- 
ness he hated, and no man of civility would offer 
to press healths 1 or strong drink upon him, being 
one so strictly temperate : yet all delighted in 
the pleasantry of his witty and innocent con- 
versation. 

32. Thence he advanced to set up a small stud 
of brood mares, rarely exceeding four, but the finest 
and largest that he could find out in the whole 

^ Jephcot makes the conformist divine one '^quipocula 
salutaria (ut vulgo dicnnt) usque ad ruborem et nonnunquam 
titubationem ingurgitare hand recusabit, saspius instigabit et 
prsebibet. Qui minora jur amenta (quod aiunt) et impre- 
cationes frequenter usurpat ne Phanaticus vel Puritanicus 
videatur." (Calamy, Contin. 154.) See Humphrey Moseley's 
Healing Leaf , London, 4to. 1658 {'^ The iproverbw2iS, As drunh 
as a beggar; but hath it not of latter times begun to be 
inverted, As drunh as a lord?" 4., where is more about 
healths; see also 9): Brand's Antiquities (ed. Bohn), ii. 328, 
Clarke's Martyrologie (1651), 512, esp. Prynne's Health's 
Sickness .... jproving the Drinking and Pledging of Healths to 
he sinful, d^c. London, 1628. 4to. '^ Some persons and those 
of quality may not be safely visited in an afternoon, without 
the hazard of excessive drinking of healths .... and in some 
places it is esteemed a piece of wit to make a man drunk." — 
Chamberlayne (ed. 1684), 40. "I spoke. . . against drinking 
healths." — Newcome's Autohiogr. i. 138. See DwpoTt'sMusce 
Suhsecivce, 85, 100 (^^In seculi nostri Tricongios sive Bono- 
sos"), 120, 167 ('^In ebrietatem hujus sevi epidemicam"), 
358, TasweU's Autobiography (Camd. Soc), 32. 



LIFE OF if. ROBINSON. 47 

north ^. Of these he bred many choice colts, which 
proved gallopers of fame at Newmarket ; many of 
these he sold for a hundred guineas or near upon at 
four or five years old. I knew him breed a colt that 
at eight months old he sold for forty guineas, and a 
broodmare he had that he refused £90 for. His eye and 
judgement was so curious in horses, that he would 
buy sometimes a choice colt fole at twenty guineas, 
and in less than four vears sell him for a hundred : 
and geldings he would buy at eight and ten and 
twelve pound ; and within three months sell them 
at £ 20 sometimes at £ 30 and £ 35. So that this, 
which was his pleasure, redounded much unto his 
profit, and no man of so small a stud reaped half 
the advantage : for he carried it on at small charge, 
keeping never more than one boy and an experienced 
old gi'oom to attend himself, his stable, and his con- 
cerns abroad. Nay, he hath often professed that he 
never was out in stock above £300 at one time, and 
yet yearly he took for horses out of his stock for 
many years above £100, sometimes £200, and some- 
times above £ 250. And when he was disabled by 
his distemper from riding upon a fine horse or 
taking pleasure in them, he sold ofi* £300 worth 
and gave the rest of his fine things to his relations, 
.which were of good value. And yet in this his 

^ '^ Yorkshire dotli breed the best race of English horses. 
. . . Well may Philip be so common a name amongst the 
gentry of this county, who are generally so delighted in 
horsemanship." — Fuller's Worthies. 



48 LIFE OF M. ROBINSOF, 

curiosity, he very often rid abroad alone without 
man or boy, because they did but distract his medi- 
tations as he rid. 

33. Nay, walking on foot to him was a novelty 
he much delighted in, for he would sometimes run 
two or three hares to death on foot ; and in frost, 
having once broke his leg, he would never ride, 
but constantly would foot it with his boy, going 
eight or nine miles in a winter morning to dine 
with a friend, and after two hours would return 
home to his own supper. This he continued, 
even after his distemper arrested him, for many 
months. 

34. He was so noted and accurate an horseman, 
that he had begun a book of horsemanship, treating 
of the several strains of horses, their shapes, breed- 
ing, manning, feeding, trotting and galloping horses, 
and also of curing their several maladies. Many 
secrets he had which great horsemen got of him, 
and those bearing his name some after put into 
the book called The Gentleman's Jockey^, without 
his leave or privity. Some friends and horsemen 
pressed him much to publish that manuscript of 
his ; but he refused it, thinking it not for the honour 
of his cloth to be iTrirojvci/ixwv, famous only for skill 
in horses. 

1 '' Gentleman's Jockey and Approved Farrier . . . . Collected 
hy the long Practise, Experience and Pains 0/ J. H. Esq., Mat- 
thew Hodson, . . . il^fr. Kobinson &c." 4tli ed. Lond. 1676. 
Small 8vo. A recipe on p. 84 bears the name Robinson. 



LIFE OF M, ROBINSON, 49 

35. Nay, king Charles tlie second, having got a 
beautiM Lorse of his breed which he admired, 
hearing casually by the governor of Dover, Col. 
Stroote^ that the horse's master was in town, de- 
sired to see him at Whitehall : but he declined to 
listen to that court compliment, saying that the 
king, if he pleased, might do him much harm, but he 
could do him no good, nor give him anything that he 
would accept of; and to void the enquiry got him out 
of the city into the country a while. But no sooner 
was he returned to his brother's house ^ in the city, 
but a footman with the royal livery came to fetch 
him to the king. He was amused much at this, but 
knowing himself innocent, attended the livery to 
Whitehall, where he was sent up into the long gal- 
lery unto the governor of Dover, who quickly took 
him to the apartment next the king's bedchamber 
in the morning, bidding him tarry at the door a 
little. The door being half open, he heard the 
governor speaking to the king in bed, telling him 
that he had brought hiTn a great stranger, the clerical 
horseman Dr. Robinson. But, saith he, sir, you 
must offer him, nothing but your hand to kiss : for 
you have nothing that he will either ask or accept. 
Saith the king. He is to me the more acceptable for 



^ Col. Strowd Stroode or Strode is mentioned in Pepys' 
Diary (ed. 4), ii. 385, and by Eveljm. 

2 ** Leonard Robinson, mercbant of tbe citye of London 
(afterwards S'" Leonard Kobinson, of West Layton)." Hop- 
kinson's MSS. ap. Wbitaker {Richmondsh. i. 184). 

4 



50 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 

that, give me my nightgown, that I may see him. — 
Hold, sir, saith the governor pleasantly, you m/ast 
not do so, for he is as compt and fine a clergyman as 
you have in your dominions. Then, saith the king, 
give Tne my royal robes, that I may appear finer 
than he. Mr. Robinson at the door smiled to hear 
himself thus played upon with the bedchamber 
gallants, and perceiving the king drawing near the 
door had gone back. But the king soon spied him 
out, holding out to him his hand to kiss. The 
courtiers made a cockpit round about him and his 
majesty, and the king's enquiry was immediately 
about the fine horse of his breed which he had sent 
to Newmarket, thinking to beat all England with 
him. His real thoughts being thus asked, he mo- 
destly told his majesty that the horse in reason 
would neither credit much the breeder nor the ovmer ; 
for though, he was an horse of rare size, colour, 
beauty, marks and strength; he was but an half 
bred horse in the bottom, out of a Flander^s coach 
Tnare, and tJiough he had heels for any horse, he was 
thick-winded and ungovernable and would soon run 
himself Old ; which his majesty soon found to be 
a truth, and prized him highly for a charging 
horse, and gave him to his son the duke of Mon- 
mouth, who charged upon him at Bothwellbridge * 
in Scotland. Many more discourses passed betwixt 
him, the king and the Earl of Oxford^ on some 

1 June 22, 1679. 

2 Aubrey, earl of Oxford, was colonel of the ^^ King's 



LIFE OF M. ROBINSON-. 51 

questions of horsemansliip, his majesty ^seeming to 
be taken with his judgement and modesty. But 
the king offered to try the latter with some glances 
of pleasantry, not becoming his gravity, and so wait- 
ing an opportunity when the king had singled out 
some wanton wit to disport upon, Mr. Kobinson 
got stolen out of the circle ; but never would see the 
court more to his dying day. Many hearing of his 
being sent for to the king were very inquisitive to 
know of him what favour or preferment the king had 
conferred upon him. He answered, No more than 
the hack of his hand, and as much as either the king 
or he ever dreamed of. Yet he believed he might 
have had a good place in the mews (if he had asked 
it), but none in the chui^ch. The governor of Dover 
after asked him lohat he thought of the king ? He 
answered, that though he had never been horn to a 
crown, any man would take him to he a great gentle- 
man for civility courtesy wit and pleasantry : hut 
hotv solid and serious in matters of polity and reli- 
gion belonged not unto him to judge. 

36. Another diversion to him was a breed of 
messet^ spaniels, very little, beautiful and of rare 

Own" regiment of horse (Chamberlayne, ed. 1684. pt. 2. 132). 
That he was worthy of his graceless master appears from 
notices in Evelyn and Pepys. 

^ ^' Messit, a little dog, a sort of cur. V. Jamieson, 
messan.'" — Brockett's Glossary, 203. " Suppose dame Juha's 
messet thinks it meet To droop or hold up one of 'ts hinder 
feet, What swarms of sonnets rise !" — John Hall's Poems 
(Cambr. 1646), 10 (Halli well's Arch. Diet.). 

4—2 



52 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 

conceit. He never walked out bat three or four of 
these with bells about their necks attended him, 
finding him sport, and all the neighbouring gentle- 
men which he visited on foot knew of the master's 
approach by these his vancouriers, that were ac- 
quainted with their houses. 

37. He was in his nature a politician, if he 
never had read Machiavel, and might have made a 
consummate statesman as well as clergyman : for 
in those many turns of times and tumbling factions 
he was cool calm and reserved, never mingling with 
humours of men. Yet when great motions were on 
foot in parliament, which he deemed high and dan- 
gerous, he writ often post letters to members in 
the house of commons, who knew how to manage 
his arguments ^^i^o and con in doubtful cases ; yet 
never subscribed his name to any of them, lest he 
should have been suspected for a busy meddler. So 
that his motto might have been that about the 
mariner's compass, Moveor immotus^ ; and in all 
changes he was still the same, unchanged. 

38. And as to his prudence and j)i*ivate man- 
age, none ever did exceed him. Few clergymen so 
well understood the common and statute law as he, 
so that he frequently furnished a justice of peace 
of the quorum with eloquent charges on the bench, 
that he passed with the people for a most learned 

1 Many passages in which this simile is found are cited 
in Notes and Queries vi. 127, 207, 368, viii. 499. See too 
Donne's Essays, ed. Jessopp, 49, 50. 



LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 53 

justiciary. As to tlie civil and common law few 
had his reading, being in his pupillage trained up 
in the civil law and by reading the councils well ac- 
quainted with the canon law. This made him more 
curious to enquire the consent and dissent of the 
common and civil law in most things, and he much 
delighted himself in reading those mixed authors, 
such as Swinburne^ on Testaments, JBA.d\Qj^ View of 
the civil law^, Doctor and Student^ ^ the lord Yeru- 
1am*, Cowell's Institutes^, Grotius^, &c. ; but busi- 
ness and many purchases for himself and others and 
marriage settlements rendered him more expert in 
most things than books : so that he was able to 
judge of good estates as well as most lawyers, and 
knew as well how to convey a good estate as the 
most of them. Nay he used often to say that he 
never failed in anything more than in what was 

1 Henry Swinburne of York. His Brief Treatise of Tes- 
taments and last Wills went throngli many editions (Wood's 
Athenw, ii. 289. ed. Bliss). 

2 Ridley (Thos.) Vieto of Civil and Ecclesiastical Laics. 
Oxf. fol. 1634. ib. oct. 4tli ed. 1675. See Fuller's Worthies 
in Cambr. (8vo. ed.) i. 208. 

3 *' Dialogues in English, hetwene a Doctour of diuinitye and 
a Student in the lawes of England. London. R. Tottell. 1569." 
Again 1593, 1638, &c. See Watt's Bihlioth. Brit, under 
Saint' German, and Wood's Athence, i. 121. 

4 *' Elements of the Common Laws of England, &c." Lon- 
don, 4to. 1630. 

^ '^ Institutiones juris Anglicani . . . Cantabr. 8vo. 1609." 
See the Biogr. Brit. 

^ ''Be Jure Belli et Pads.'' 



54 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON, 

commit to the doing of lawyers, they not looking 
so narrowly as himself into his own concerns. He 
had indeed a faithful friend, that was an able law- 
yer, whom he consulted in all questions of law that 
were doubtful, and him he employed to draw his 
writings ; but he received not instructions from his 
counsel, but gave directions rather to them, how to 
draw all his evidences. So that his people were 
happy in him, having a lawyer as well as an able 
physician and divine to go to gratis \ 

39. And yet though he was a man of law, he 
was not given to the law nor in the least litigious, 
having never had law-suit in his life save one, 
and that chiefly upon the account of some honest 
poor neighbours, vexed with a roguish attorney and 
an harlot, who by forged mortgages hoped to have 
got a composition out of each. His own concern 
was small, and the adversaries would have released 
him gratis, if he would but have deserted the rest : 
but that he thought not just nor generous. This 
suit cost him two assizes and a suit in chancery, 
before he could right himself and neighbours. But 
at the last he both broke the heart and cracked the 
credit of this attorney, so that he quickly died an 
errant beggar. 

40. And so peaceable was he to his parishioners, 
that in his vicarage he never did exact nor demand 



1 ''The Country parson desires to be aU to his parish, 
and not only a pastor, but a lawyer also and a physician." — 
Herbert's Country F arson, c. 23. 



LIFE OF M, ROBINSOJSr. 55 

small dues of any who were poor, and of fifty fami- 
lies in his parish he scarcely ever in thirty years' 
time received one sixpence, though he gave to such 
many sixpences, besides what he forgave unto them. 

41. But as to his personal manage and conduct 
in his own private affairs, it would appear to many 
men as next to miraculous. For all well knew that 
he begun of little, having but £40 annuity and a 
vicarage that never yielded him clearly £100 per 
anlium and rarely exceeded ^80 his curate's wages 
tenths and assessments deducted, and his portion 
with his wife exceeded not £800. Yet he lived 
ever genteelly, kept a plentiful house and table, en- 
tertained suitable persons of quality, who weekly 
visited him, was not only charitable to a great 
highth unto the poor (except they were lusty va- 
grant beggars) but highly bountiful to many his 
relations. Which all seemed much to exceed his 
income yearly, and yet he still grew rich, and left 
an estate worth upon £20,000 amongst his friends 
at his death. 

42. As to his charity it was exemplary and 
mostly unexampled ; yet served as an exemplifica- 
tion of that rule, that the way to be rich is richly 
to give and distribute. He resolved from the first 
to dedicate to God and to pious uses the tenth part 
of his yearly income \ which he performed with the 



^ This was Hammond's rule (Wordswoi*th, Eccl. Biogr. 
IV. 361 seq., ed. 3), and Whateley's (Thoresby's Diary, Jan. 
25, i6|^g^), and Koger Drake's (Calamy's Account, 25). 



56 LIFE OF if. ROBIJSrSOF, 

letter, and besides his daily charity to the poor of 
his parish, who received meat and monies from him 
liberally, he chiefly bestowed his charity in the 
relief of pious ministers overcharged with nume- 
rous families. These had yearly pensions from him, 
some forty shillings, some £3 per annum, some 
more. Besides he contributed to the maintenance 
of other poor scholars at the university \ and put 
two youths and servants of his own to the the col- 
lege successively at his own charges, till they com- 
menced bachelors of art j and his bounty to several 
relations^ was great, his care being to prop and sup- 
port the lower branches of his family. To one niece 
he gave a portion of some hundred pounds, and to 
one nephew he intended for his heir he gave at 
once above £1500, to set him up merchant of Lon- 
don : and many other his relations tasted deep of 
his bounty. 

43. When notwithstanding these outlets he 
found that God still mightily increased him, that he 



1 So Hammond (Wordswortli, Eccl. Biogr. iii. 343, 362), 
Gouge (Clarke, ed. 1677, 243), Williams (Heylin's X^/e, Eccl. 
Hist. Soc. Ixxviii), and Palmer (Clarke, 198), and Baxter 
{Life, lib. i. pt. i. 89). 

2 Does Thoresby refer to Matthew Eobinson in bis Diary, 
Aug. 14, 1703? ^'With Mr. Eobinson of Kokeby, who has 
kindly searched the register at Bernard Castle for some of 
our family ; he told me of the benefaction of Mr. Robinson, 
since Bp. of London . . . , who being a boy of pregnant parts, 
though of a private house, was educated by Mr. Eobinson, 
minister of — ." 



LIFE OF M, ROBINSON, 57 

thought himself worth near £10,000, he proceeded 
to a new decimation, and allotted near to <£i2oo 
at once to one particular use of charity. For he 
then foresaw a gloom a drawing on, viz. an inlet of 
popery \ though it proved but nubecula cito transi- 
tura, as the father^ said of Julians empire. And 
finding his constitution to decline fast, he being 
then fifty years of age, he was resolved to resign 
his charge to a confiding^ successor and relation, 
whom after his death he could not settle without 
some dispute in law. And having lived about 
thirty years minister in that place, he thought good 
to leave a lasting legacy and monument of his me- 
mory in that place, and though he had before been 



^ See a curious proof of the general fears of England's 
return to the Roman communion in Widdrington's will 
(printed below). Cf. Life of Ken ly a Layman, ed. 2. i. 253 
seq., 346 seq. 

^ In the year 362 a.d. St. Athanasius, when he withdrew 
from persecution, cheered his friends with the words, 'Ttto- 
(TToXQfJLev fjLLKpop, cJ (piXoL. v€<pvdpLOP yap ecrn kol irapepx^raL 
(Socrat. H. E. iii. 14. Cf. Soz. v. 14, Theodoret. iii. 5 al. 9, 
E-ufin. X. 34, Niceph. x. 19, Cassiodor. Hist. Trip. vi. 26). 

3 A Puritan word. "To put a more confiding person in 
Fairfax's place." — The Man in the Moon. Jan. 9 to Jan. 16. 
1650 (Emman. Coll. Libr. X. 5. 65), 298. '^ There are not 
above three confiding regiments of foot in the whole army." 
— Mercurius Melancholicus, July 21 — 28, 1648 (in the same 
volume), 8. " It was easy to distinguish who were confiding 
aldemien, as they call them, and who malignants.'' — Letter 
from Merc. Civ. to Merc. Rust, or, London's Confession, &c. 
4to. 1643. 14 (Cambr. Univ. Libr. E. 10. 6). 



58 LIFE OF if. EOBINSOR, 

verj beneficial to the poor of the parish and to that 
church, in giving to it plate for the sacrament, (the 
cup bearing that apostolical ijascription, the cup of 
blessing which we bless in Greek) : yet he observed 
that the poorest people of the parish were the most 
ignorant and negligent of the means of gxace. To 
the healing whereof he did for a time invite all the 
poor ancient people of the parish to a feast, in 
which they had plenty of good food and each his 
sixpence on his trencher, and by that opportunity 
he catechised and examined each of them in the 
principles of religion^, but that not fully answering 
his end, he resolved immediately to erect two free 
schools and an hospital^ for six aged and impotent 
persons, well approved of for poverty and piety. 



1 Cf. Lives of Nicholas Ferrar (Cambridge, 1855), 30, 
31 n., Life of Ken hy a Layman, i. 331 seq. and below, § 46. 

2 See Thoresby's Diary, Sept. 27, 1694 (" Burniston must 
not be omitted for worthy Dr. Robinson's sake, once their 
vicar, (yet living retiredly and piously with his kinsman at 
Kipley,) who has built and amply endowed a very curious 
hospital for six poor persons, who have each 4^. los. per 
annum, and a school, whose head master has 16I. per annum, 
and the usher 7 Z., in all 50 Z. per annum ; whose lively cha- 
racter is extant, in A Treatise of Faith, hy a Dying Divine, 
8vo.") See too ibid. Jan. 5, 168-J- (''Got well to Burniston, 
where I found a pretty new hospital, erected 1680, by Dr. 
Robinson.") Possibly the Dr. Robinson with whom Thoresby 
''spent some time pleasantly," Oct. 16, 1682, was our friend. 
See an account of the state of this charity a.d. 1820 in the 
Appendix, and compare Lawton's Collections relative to the 
Dioceses of York and Ripon. London, Rivington. 1840. ii. 562. 



LIFE OF M, ROBIN SO ]S\ 59 

44. To this end he secured a convenient site, 
and raised a fair pile of building of brick and hewn 
stone, with two near school-houses, with a neat 
chamber and study for the chief master over the 
school, with other six rooms and neat chambers, 
each having convenient places for their meat drink 
and coals, and every chamber furnished with neat 
bedsteads and tables &c. and the schools with seats 
and forms suitable. To this he laid a garden, walled 
and barred and well fenced, in which was a draw- 
well for the use of the hospitallers and two houses 
of office. In it each almsbody had two or three 
fruit trees and apartments for cabbages onions pars- 
nips carrots turnips &c. The chief master by order 
was to be a graduate of the university, to be trained 
up to the ministry, and to have the curacy of the 
vicarage, and a salary of iii6 per annum quarterly 
paid, besides all other advantages accruing to him 
from scholars that were not of the parish \ The 
undermaster had above <£6 salary monthly paid and 

^ Twelve pound ^er ann. for the master, and £3 a year 
for the almspeople seems to have been considered a fair 
maintenance at this time. See Thoresby's Diary, Nov. 7 and 
14, 1682. Tbid. Sept. 6, 1702, a hospital for 10 widows and 
a chaplain is endowed with £50 ^er ann. "A perpetual 
gratitude he bore to Mr. Ireland his schoolmaster [at West- 
minster] and would bewail that generally throughout England 
no better stipends were allowed to that profession than which 
none was more necessary in a commonwealth, and yet in 
most places it was so slightly provided for, that it was under- 
taken out of necessity and only as a step to other preferment." 
Plume's Life of HacTcetj v. (before Hacket's Sermons). 



60 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

each of tlie almspeople £^ per annum paid montMy, 
the first sabbath of each month : besides the hos- 
pitallers had yearly a new purple gown each, on 
which each wore his cognizance of a gilded buck 
upon their shoulders. And that none should be 
troublesome to their neighbours by cutting their 
wood or breaking their fuels he appointed yearly 55. 
a piece to buy coals for each almsbody. This main- 
tenance he secured to be paid out of the best lands 
he had, viz. a farm of £63 per annum in the parish. 

45. The fabric was very neat and he himself, 
being a freemason, knew how to handle the tools. 
The balls and pommels he cut out with his own hands 
and the dial and his coat of arms over the door 
in free stone, much surpassing the skill of his best 
workmen. Under the three bucks was this motto : 
Video ^ Timeo, Fugio^ ; which related hot to the coat 
of his family, but to the critical moment of time, 
when the clouds were gathering. And many curious 
inscriptions more were all done with his own hands. 

^ *^Over the entrance to the ahns-houses near the church 

is this inscription : 

^des has . 

Matthasus Eobinson, M.A. Yic. de Burniston, 

extruxit, dotavit, dicavitque Deo, A.D. 1680. 

Gerontocomium Chris tiani est Gazophylacium Christi. 

Beneath the arms of E-obinson (on a chevron between 3 stags 

trippant, as many trefoils shpped, a crescent for difference, 

and the motto 'Video, timeo, fugio,') is as follows: 

A t O 
Discite ex me. 
Mat. XI. 29." Whitaker, ii. 133. 



LIFE OF M, ROBINSON, 61 

This work was two summers in finishing and fit- 
ting : and the fabric with the endowment stood him 
in near £i2co, and yet he frankly professed that at 
the two years' end he was not one sixpence poorer ; 
but was by the providence of God reimbursed as to 
every penny of the monies. He also writ his book 
of rules, to regulate the hospital for ever as to the 
members, the election of masters and almspeople, 
and not omitting forms of prayers to be used in the 
schools mornings and nights and by the almspeople : 
providing for the due repairs of the very fabric toties 
quoties, and allotting monies for an anniversary feast 
every St. Matthew's day, in which they were to have 
a sermon preached by the chief master, and in which 
they themselves were to feast their poor brethren of 
the parish and of a near neighbouring hospital. 

46. ISTeither did his piety here rest, for two 
years after he considered, that many poor peoj)le in 
the parish rarely attended the public worship on the 
Lord's days. Therefore he laid a bait for their souls, 
by singling out a set number of twenty-eight more 
poor aged people, to whom he appointed a salary of 
6s. per annum, to be monthly paid to such as at- 
tended the church duly : and soon after by his ex- 
ample a pious lady^, who sojourned long with him, 

^ Doubtless the Mrs. Ann Savil spoken of below, ^^ Anne 
the Benefactoress " Lady Ingleby's sister (Thoresby's Ducat. 
Leod. 1 14). She assigned £50 (Sept. 6, 1692) to be disposed 
of for charitable purposes in Burneston. ''Nothing has been 
received on account of this charity for the last 30 years, and 
it is not known what became of the money." — Charity Com- 



62 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

chose a select number of the like poor pensioners to 
the number of twelve, so that forty poor people 
more were all taken into standing pensions ^ These 
good intentions proved to as good account, for by 
these means the church was filled at forenoon and 
afternoon sermons, like to a London congregation^, 
all poor people flocking in, some for credit, others 
for profit, to receive their salaries, and others hoping 
to be chosen into the hospital, when places should 
fall vacant. 

47. Yet notwithstanding all these exinanitions 
the patient was no poorer, but his veins still filled 
more and more by emptying, for he left an estate to 
his friends of £700 per annum ; and gave monies at 
once to his nephew, which would have purchased 
£100 per annum more, and £20,000 his estate might 
safely be computed at. Quantum ex quantillo ^ ! 

48. Indeed the providence of God was to him 
exceeding bountiful, and his prudent manage was 

mission Eeport, iv. (1820), 405. She also, '*by a codicil to 
her will dated 25th January 1694, gave £ no to be equally 
distributed on the first Sunday in every month among the poor 
of the parish [of St. Martin, Coney Street, York] present at 
divine service, unless prevented by sickness or disability" 
(Report, 1824, xii. 629), and left a yearly sum of twenty 
shillings to the minister of the same parish, for a sermon on 
the 31st of January. 

1 Cf. § 44 n. 

2 " The church was usually as much crowded within, and 
at the windows, as ever I saw any London congregations." — 
Baxter's Life, lib. I. pt. i. § 22. 

3 A common expression: e.g. Clarke's Ziws (1677), 227. 
Quantce e quaniillis/ Plaut. Poen. v. 3. 53. 



LIFE OF M, ROBINSON, 63 

not to be paralleled ; and yet lie did all with much 
ease, without any anxious cares and distractions. 
He understood almost everything and the advan- 
tages and disadvantages attending them and what- 
ever he meddled with turned to good account. And 
this his manage was so noted, that a lady of great 
quality^, to whom he was much obliged, prevailed 
with him to undertake a task too great for many 
men. The baronet her husband dying ^, left in gold 
and monies all on a dead heap upon ^15,000 : 2000 
more in stock : 1600 per annum in lands, of which 
800 he kept in his own hands to vast loss : and he 
left 4 manor houses all running to ruin and many 
more tenants' houses beside. 

49. This he undertook (though very unwilling- 
ly) chusing only a fit steward to execute what he 



1 '^1682. Sept. 14. resigned Bumiston living, and next 
year began to manage Lady Ingleby's estate, whicli kept him 
employed above two years." — MB. Chron. and note in early 
hand. 

2 '^Kipley, the seat of the ancient family of the Inglebys, 
whereof Sir William died this day at his prayers (as informed 
by worthy Mr. Kirshaw, the minister) of an impostume, 
having been twice at church the day before, and repeated 
sermon at night." — Thoresby's Diary y Nov. 6, 1682. From 
his practice of repetition (see Thoresby's and Newcome's 
Diaries, and Clarke's Lives, passim) we may conclude that 
Sir William was inclined to puritanism. ^'Nor do they [the 
Presbyterian Ministers] distinguish between the Godly and 
the Ungodly, but by conformity of design in men of judge- 
ment, or by repetition of their sermons in the common sort of 
people." — Hobbes' Behemoth, part iv. 284. 



64 LIFE OF M, RaBINSON. 

did order. He took care first to sell off all tlie 
stock, and to let all those demesne lands upon good 
leases to good advantage, to repair all the manor 
and mansion houses that were not tenantable, to 
cut down and sell those wasted old dying woods, 
which would not have yielded anything, if they had 
stood any longer. He purchased for the family 
(at my lady's desire) a good lordship^ of £300 per 
annum, paid off . . 00 pounds in portions to two daugh- 
ters^, and placed the rest of the monies out upon 
good securities : and this he perfected in two years 
time, giving up a true account to the satisfaction of 
all parties. So that ever after, any discreet servant 
was able to manage with ease that great estate. 

50. He might by this his service have gained 
much and for it might have had any reward that 
he would have asked ; but he declared that it was 
not for money he did it. Some small gifts indeed 
he accepted from my lady and the young baronet^, 

^ ''Dame Margaret Ingieby, relict of Sir William, pur- 
chased this Lordship [Armley] of Sir Thomas Mauliverer.' \ 
— Thoresby's Ducat. Leod. 191. Dame Margaret was eldest 
daughter of John Savile of Medley, Esq. and died in 1698 
{ibid. 192). 

2 Probably Margaret who "married Mark eldest son of 
Sir Robert Shaftoe recorder of Newcastle," and Anne who mar- 
ried "John son of Sir John Ardern of Ardern Com. ^Cestr." 
— ihid. Two maiden daughters of the worthy dame Mar- 
garet, Mary (ob. 1743) and Katherine (ob. 1701) fou-nded and 
endowed a school at Ripley {Charity Commission Beports, 
1820. iv. 627 seq.) 

^ Sir John Ingieby (Thoresby, 192). 



LIFE OF M.yROBINSOF. %o 

but they were of no great value, nor did counter- 
vail the losses he sustained that time by the neglect 
of his own concerns. The family indeed to gain his 
abode with them freely sent him a presentation to a 
good living of theirs fallen vacant : but he declared 
ever against pluralities, and being then fallen under 
his lasting infirmities, he surrendered freely his old 
living to a beloved nephew of his own *, and for the 
other he recommended to the lady a pious person 
and able preacher^ who had been brought up by 



^ '^George Grey A.M., instituted to Burneston Yicarage 
1 6 Sep. 1682, on the presentation of Zach. Cawdrey, in place 
of M. R. resigned." (Whitaker, ii. 132). '* George Grey of 
Sudwiche, co. Durham, esq. . . . mamed in June, 1647, Frances 
daughter of Thomas Eobinson of Rokeby. . . . This Frances 
died 10 July, 1661." — Nichols, Lit. Anecd. viii. 414. The 
issue of this marriage was doubtless the Geo. Grey of Trinity, 
B.A. 1671, M.A. 1675 {Graduati Cant.). Whitaker gives 
his epitaph (130). *'Hic jacet Rev<^"'. Dom. Georgius Grey, 
A.M., qui per xxix. annos hujus Ecclesise fuit fidelis vicarius. 
Obiit xiio. Junii, a.d. 171 i, ^tatis 59. Et sub eodem mar- 
more Uxores suae, viz. Ehzabetha, filia Reverendi Dom. 
Zacharise Cawdrey, Rectoris Ecclesise de Barthomley, in com. 
Cestriae : Sarah, fiha Thomse Harrison de Allerthorpe, Armi- 
geri." This George Grey completed this hfe (see below). 
Zachary Grey, editor of Hudibras, was his son by his first 
wife (he calls Cawdrey his grandfather, Index of Names, 
under Cawdrey). 

2 Mr. Pomfret {Note in later hand). "I went from 
Ripon to Ripley, where being entertained by Sir John In- 
gleby, Mr. Pomfret ... accompanied me to Leeds." — Cart- 
wright's Diary, Nov. 23, 1686. John Pomfret was instituted 
rector of Ripley in 1684, and was buried March i, 1695. In 

5 



66 LIFE OF M, ROBIFSOX, 

liim ; and he to tlieir great satisfactions enjoyed the 
benefit. 

51. In this prodigious increase of his estate, 
some contingencies and advantages did befall him 
from the death of friends, for he was executor to his 
younger brother^ an hopeful merchant, to his aged 
grandmother and after to his mother ; but these 
and more than these lie immediately gave to inferiour 
relations of the family for their better advance- 
ment. So that the product of his great estate was 
purely the free bounty of his heavenly Father, and 
his own prudential manage. 

52. Many great trusts he sustained, touching 
other men's children, which he carefully and faith- 
fully discharged to his great credit ; and many inti- 
mate and inviolate friendships from first to last he 
held with many worthy gentlemen and clergymen 
of learning and piety, but was very reserved to- 
wards all such as were in the least blemished with 
debauchery : but his gi^eatest intimacy was with 
that man of God Mr. Cawdrey, his quondam tutor, 
as if one genius and soul had informed both ; when 
that holy man for his loyalty was sequestered and 



the Ripley register occur the entries. '^ 1687. June 25 Anna 
Pomfret soror dilecta rectoris sepult. Anno 1690. John son 
of John Pomfret Rector of Ripley bap^. the tenth day of 
April. Jany. ist 1695. AUisamond daughter of Mr. John 
Pomfret rector baptized." This account I owe to the cour- 
tesy of the Rev. Edw. Bradshaw, curate of Ripley. 

1 Tho. Robinson {Note in later hand). This brother is 
not mentioned in Hopkinson's MSS. (ap. Whitaker, i. 184). 



LIFE OF M. KOBINSOJ^, 67 

outed of Ms great living in Cheshire^, and reduced 
to narrow circumstances, lie sought him out and 
tendered to him freely yearly contributions ; but 
that ingenuous man would never accept of his gra- 
titude, saying ever, he had enough and sufficient, 
though it was of the straiter size. When upon king 
Charles the Second his return he was restored to 
his living, his first act was an act of oblivion ; to 
forget and forgive all his enemies who had robbed 
him of many hundreds, and detained from him his 
fifths, which the law then appointed. He and his 
tutor exchanged yearly visits betwixt Yorkshire 
and Cheshire, and the pupil was so kind to the 
tutor that he married to his beloved daughter^ a 
beloved nephew of his own, and though she had but 
a small portion, he surrendered to his nephew^ on 
that account liis own living and settled upon him 
lands near £ioo per annum : so that he might have 
borne the name of Eusehius Paraphilia, for being the 

1 Barthomley. Cawdrey must be added to Walker's list. 

2 Eliz. Cawdrey. See above. 

^ Grey here and below substitutes me. 

* Eusebius assumed the name of Eusehius PampMU from 
his friendship for the martyr Pamphilus of Csesarea, on whom 
he wrote a special work (Eus. H. Feel. vii. 32, § 25, x. 11, 
§ i) which has perished. *'0b amicitiam Pamphili martyris 
ab eo cognomentum sortitus est," says J erome {De Vir. Illustr. 
81). Compare Lord Brook's inscription for his tomb. '^Here 
lies the body of Sir Fulke Grrevil . . . friend to Sir PhiUp 
Sidney." — Aubrey's Lives , 362. '^ Cardinal Damian's true 
name was Peter ; but having received many great kindnesses 
from his brother Damian, he styled himself in gratitude (and 

5—2 



68 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON, 

beloved of his friend. These two were alike minded 
in all things. Both were episcopal in their judge- 
ments, yet both were highly prized by their dissent- 
ing brethren for their piety and moderation : both 
much wished a reformation in the church in many 
particulars, and in that fatal Bartholomew day* 
which silenced so many able ministers, these two did 
scruple at many things with the rest of the dissent- 
ers : and the bishop of the diocese^ took a great 
deal of pains to satisfy their doubts, that they might 
not be deserters amongst the rest of the dissenters. 

53. When Mr. Bobinson had fairly discharged 
himself as before of these many trusts and affairs 
committ to his manage, and resigned up his pastoral 
charge to so worthy a relation and successor, better 
then fit to discharge the same, his great infirmity 
of the stone did so press upon him, that he could 
neither walk, ride, nor coach it, without extremities 
of pain and bloody water. And then having a writ 

is so called to this day) Petrus Damiani.'" — Bancroft to Lloyd 
Sept. 27, 1692 in the Layman's Life of Ken, 590. 

1 '' The Act of Uniformity struck all Nonconformists dead 
on Bartholomew's day, Aug. 24, 1662," Oliver Heywood in 
his Memoirs (1827), 93. The anniversary was kept as a fast 
{ibid. 155). 

2 Brian AValton. ''My old friend Mr. Matthew Robinson 
came in to see me in his way to Chester, whom I was huge 
glad to see, and so stayed with him to nine." — Newcome's 
Diary J Aug. 8, 1662. *' My old friend and fellow pupil whom I 
had not seen of twelve years or near, Mr. Matthew Robinson, 
called in his way to Chester to subscribe, because he lives in 
that diocese." — MS. Abstract {ibid. note). 



LIFE OF M, ROBINSON, 69 

of ease ^ sent Mm from heaven, lie purposed feriari 
Deo, devoting himself wholly to the pulpit and his 
studies, in perfecting his two volumes of Annota- 
tions on the Bible. But though he had acquitt his 
pastoral charge, he would not to the last desert his 
beloved people, but tabled with his nephew and 
served him for an assistant in the cure and a director 
in his studies and affairs. And notwithstanding his 
weak and declining estate under daily extremities 
of pain he preached to his people as diligently as 
ever, and more earnestly and fervently, his motions 
being all velociores in time, when drawing near unto 
the centre, and what was once said of Bucholzer, 
that famous preacher, that as in Ms life he excelled 
the most of preachers , so near his death he did even 
excel himself^, might be truly applied to him. His 
sermons indeed were less curious and elaborate, but 
more serious, pressing, fervent and practical than 
ever, having eternity daily in his eye, so that the 



^ '^ When by reason of his years and infirmities he might 
very well (as an emeritus miles) have sued out (even in the 
Court of Heaven itself) a writ of ease &c." — Clarke's Lives 
(1677), 206. 

^ '^Vere etiam Bucholceri ktukveiov acr/JLa fuit ea, quam 
postremam habuit, concio : quando seger jam, et deportatus a 
bajulis in templum, . . . tanto verborum splendore, tamque 
suavi devoti animi afiectione, de animse fidelis (?), et beato 
hominis Christiani ex hac vita discessu disseruit: ut omnium 
eruditorum in urbe Freistadiana consensu sic tum sit judi- 
catum : Cceteros concionaiores a BucJiolcero semper omnes, illo 
autem die etiam ipsum a sese superatum." — Melchior Adam, 
Vitce Germ. Theologorum. Francof. 1653. 560. 



70 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

cliurcli was thronged by strangers and parisliioners 
upon liis preaching days. 

54. One general method he usually observed in 
most of his sermons : First speaking of his text by 
way of exposition and suiting it to the context ; 
then raised he some doctrinal observation, and then 
confirmed the same by reasons and demonstrations, 
and after proceeded to particular applications, as to 
conviction, refutation, exhortation, motives and in- 
citation, means and helps for direction, superadding 
mostly a word for trial by way of examination. In 
his explications he was exceeding clear and critical; 
his observations did arise most naturally; his de- 
monstrations were strong and irrefragable and those 
as rational as scriptiu'al ; and his aj)plications very 
warm, close and practical. In his preachings he 
cited many scriptures, but never any but what did 
speak fully to his purpose, and if he had quoted any 
scripture that seemed harsh and obscure, he gave 
such clear light to it, that it was highly significant, 
being a skilful builder, that left no stone unpolisht, 
and unhewed, till it lay pat, firm and lineal in its 
place, for he was a most apposite textman^ himself 
and therefore so much commended Hildersham^, 

^ ''Sir John Banks, though ready without his books on 
the bench, yet always resolved cases out of them in his 
chamber, answerable to his saymg to Dr. Sibbs, A good 
textuary is a good lawyer as ivell as a good divine.''— lAojd's 
Memoires, 586. ''The common saying Bonus textualis bonus 
tkeologus/' — Clarke's Martyrologie (165 1), 467. Cf. Fuller's 
Worthies, 8vo. i. 270. 

2 "An admirable textuary." — ^\i\i2,m.^' Christian Preacher 



LIFE OF M, ROBIFSOF. 71 

Dr. Browrig^, and Bp. Ussher and all such as ex- 
celled therein. His divisions of his text were neat 
and his method so exact, that any ordinary memory, 
from the heads and parts might easily carry away 
his whole sermon : and his fancy was so rich, his 
similitudes so lively, his historical applications so 
pat, his flourishes from the fathers, and other 
authors so taking, and his language so fine, and 
elocution so graceful, that even those who had not 
much of that the inward sense and harmony of 
divine truth, could not chuse but be delighted with 
the magic of his sermons, nor could they justly 
complain of the longness of his glass ^, more than of 
their own glasses ^ 

(ed. 1843), 291. *'An excellent textuary." — Lilly's Life and 
Times (ed. 1822), 18. See J[olin] C[otton's] Preface to 
Hildersham's CVIII. Lectures u2:>on the FouHh of John (ed. 
1656), Brook's Lives of the Puritans, ii. 376 — 388, Clarke's 
Martyrologie (1651), 374 seq., 463, 50T. 

1 See Index of Names. 

^ See many allusions to the hour-glass in pulpits and 
notes of stands for the purpose still remaining in the Notes 
and Queries, vii. 589, viii. 82, 209, 279, 328, 454, 525. ''An 
hour allowed for a sermon." — Hooker, v. 32, § 4. "A ser- 
mon's end, where he began one, A new hour long, when's 
glass had run one." — Cleveland's Poems (1687), 357. Hid, 
380, Grey on Hudihras, i. 3. 1061. Gataker (God's Lye on 
his Isradj Lond. 4to. 1645, 2) teUs us of John Eaton, an 
antinomian teacher, ^' covermg the hour-glasse, that he preach- 
eth by in pubhk . . . and affirming withall, that God no more 
seeth any sin in any justified persons, then the auditory then 
present saw . . . the Glass." 

2 Here ends the original in Robinson's hand : what follows 
is Grey's. 



72 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 




55. ISTeitlier did his ministerial abilities confine 
themselves in his person, for he always had (till 
disabled by his infirmity) one hopeful youth whom 
he trained up to the ministry, making him his 
curate and supplying him with books and directing 
him how to use them, but he would never meddle 
with any strangers but such as his tutor Cawdrey 
recommended to him for studious, ingenious, sober 
and serious young men : these hb kept with him, 
afibrding them sufficient maintenance till they 
generally became excellent preachers, and he never 
parted with them till he had preferred them to 
good places and good church living. 

56. In his family he was strict and orderly, 
never allowing any debauched person to be in his 
house. He kept up constant family duties daily, 
and had his times of expounding the scriptures to 
them on catechistical principles, examining them 
after sermons. He had also private days that he 
kept for prayers and praises, wherein he had some 
choice friend to join with him in these devout 
addresses. 

57. He bestowed much time in reading the 
controversy of church discipline, not passing one 
author of moment unconsulted of any persuasion, 
and after all he and his tutor remained in their 



LIFE OF M. EOBINSOK 73 

judgement episcopal, thinking no church govern- 
ment so ancient, so scriptural and so regular, as 
episcopal rightly regulated. Yet had he an high 
esteem for many divines of the presbyterian and 
congregational way^, and was as highly esteemed 
by them. But though he was episcopal, he much 
condemned the execution of that discipline by lay- 
men who were usually very scandalous ; and to see 
church censures and excommunications pass from the 
hands of such de rebus leviculis^, was very grievous 

^ He suffered Burnaud, a nonconformist, to preach in Ms 
parish unmolested. Calamy J.cc. 158. Also Henry Newcome. 
'^ April 20 [1677]. Thursday. I went with Mr. Oawdrey 
into Yorkshire to Barneston, to my old friend Mr. Kobinson. 
We went over the bishopric of Durham to South wick and 
Sunderland; and at our return I preached at Barneston, 
April 30th. I was weary, yet greatly refreshed in the oppor- 
tunity of liberty of service that day." — Henry Newcome's 
Autobiography, 218. *'May 30th. [1678]. Thursday. My 
old friend Mr. Matthew Robinson called of [sic] me, and was 
concerned for me, speaking of more danger than I had before 
apprehended. Though he was satisfied upon discourse with 
Dr. Bann, that they had taken the likeliest way with me." — 
Ihid. 227. 

Ibid. 295 is a list, including Robinson, of Newcomers 
college acquaintance. 

2 ^^For this [excominunication] to be used irreverently, 
and to be made an ordinary process, to lackey up and down 
for fees, how can it be without derogation to God's honour ? 
. . . Upon this observation I ground two considerations : the 
one, that this censure be restored to the true dignity and use 
thereof ; which is, that it proceed not but in causes of great 
weight ; and that it be decreed not by any deputy or substitute 
of the bishop, but by the bishop in person." — Bacon's WorTcs, 



74 LIFE OF M. ROBINSOJST, 

to them, not apprehending how offices of skill and 
trust could in law, reason, or conscience, be so dele- 
gated. And as to so many more things needing refor- 
mation, he was of my lord Verulam's j udgement \ As 
to church ceremonies, as things indifferent, he was 
indiffering^, never admiring them nor judging them 
otherwise than Calvin did for tolerahiles ineptias^. 
Yet for these he would not break the peace nor 
forego the communion with the church ; submitting 
to them, since imposed, yet wishing many of them 
by the same power deposed for peace's sake. And 
to that end in a critical time he writ his Gassander 
Reformatus^ to satisfy dissenters every way, but 

ed. Montagu, vii. 89, 90. One of the objections to the et 
cetera oath was that it allowed "lay-chancellors that use the 
keys for excommunication and absolution." — Baxter's Life, 
lib. I. pt. i. § 22. Cf. pt. iii. p. 6, § 11. 

1 See Bacon's Advertisement toucliing the controversies of 
the Church of England, and Certain considerations, touching 
the letter pacification and edification of the Church of England. 

^ i. e. indifferent. 

3 ''In Angiicana liturgia, qualem describitis, multas fuisse 
video tolerabiles ineptias." — This famous sentence occurs in 
a letter to the English exiles dat. Genevse, xv. Kal. Febr. 
MDLY. (Epist. 200, page 377 of Calvini Ejpistolce et Responsa, 
Hanoviae, 1597). 

^ George Cassander (1513 — 1566), the tolerant Romanist, 
whose Consultatio de articulis religionis inter Catholicos et 
Protestantes controversis is an attempt to reconcile the Roman 
doctrine with the Lutheran. '^ Cassander Anglicanus: shew- 
ing the Necessity of conforming to the prescribed Ceremonies of 
our Church, in Case of Deprivation" [London, 1618. 4to.] is 
the title of a work by John Sprint {Athen. Ox. ii. 332). 



LIFE OF M. EOBINSOJSr. '75 

would never publish his ten hypotheses upon that 
subject. 

58. As touching plurality and non-residence 
he utterly detested it^ speaking often his mind in 
the very pulpit, and though he had from several 
hands the offer of great church livings freely pre- 
sented him, he never would accept of any, nor 
desert his own people for any church preferments. 
He gave freely two good parsonages to two worthy 
friends, but he never would bear two himself, but 
rather chose to have one, and at the last none 
at all. 

59. He much admired the particular providence 
of God which in his lifetime befel him, being often 
delivered from imminent dangers, which appeared 
to him by sea and land. In his youth he was pre- 
vented in his purpose of marrying one who would 
never have answered his hopes, and that by the 
stumbling of his horse, when he was upon his way 
for the consummation of his design ; and though he 
resumed that resolution two months after, at the 
same place, he was by some misgiving injections 
carried directly backwards, and never would more 
meddle in that matter, living soon to see his own 
folly in that design. 

60. In his nature he was active above most of 
men, but was of a constitution too fine, and seemed 
to all men rather hectical and consumptive ; neither 
did he escape many years without agues of long 
continuance, in which he could not lie in his bed 
many moments. But about the fortieth year of his 



76- LIFE OF i¥. ROBINSOK 

age lie fell into a burning fever, which soon brought 
him to the suburbs of death. In the highth of it 
he had high transports of joy, after which he lay in 
triduo mortis, all physicians and friends giving him 
for gone, and in these his transports he spake at a 
rate above mortality, as if he had been rapt into 
the third heavens, yet with that order of words and 
consistency of sense, that none could judge him 
delirious, nor was there one passage spoken or acted 
whereof he was not able himself to give a full ac- 
count after, though he confessed himself at that 
time to have had visionary representations. These 
wrought such serious and lasting impressions upon 
him, that all his life after he would have wept if 
any made mention of them. Bub this by the good- 
ness of God turned to his great advantage both as 
to his outward and inward man. For this burning- 
fever to him was a purgatory fire, that refined the 
whole mass of blood and humours ; and this turned 
his blood to more briskness, so that after his reco- 
very he was more handsome, plump, active, and 
cheerful than ever he had been, and more serious 
and heavenly in his sermons. 

6i. Thus he continued in a most healthful 
plight till about the fifty-first year of his age. He 
always feared the stone, being the hereditary dis- 
temper of his family, and had usually some short 
and sharp fits occasioned by gravel, to prevent 
which he constantly in July spent three weeks at 
Knaresborough spas in drinking these waters which 
much refreshed him, but after he was turned of 



LIFE OF M. ROBIFSOF. 77 

fifty lie was sharply taken with the strangury, yet 
still at times was able to ride and foot it as before. 
In a year's time the gTavel turned to small stones 
like mustard seed and radish seed, which he voided 
in gTeat quantities every third and fourth day. 
Yet in the intervals he still retained his activity, 
but after a year's uneasiness under this distemper 
the stones and gravel suddenly stopt, and he seldom 
voided any after. He imagined that from the 
elapses from the reins a great stone was breeding 
in the bladder, and that all these lesser stones were 
consolidated into one great stone, which possessed 
his bladder, that nothing could pass. But these 
stones were only grown larger and too big for a 
passage, as appeared by his dissection after his 
death, for there were found in his bladder twenty- 
eight large stones most as big as nuts and walnuts ', 
and about a handful of loose sand and shells besides. 
His pains were so violent, that he could not turn 
him in his bed without great difficulty, neither 



^ ''Dr. Robinson of Burniston is to be remembred m all 
the said capacities, as a considerable benefactor, author, and 
a grand exemplar of patience, insomuch that he wrote his 
treatise of faith [above, 58, n. 2], when pains were pressing 
upon the patient. Upon dissection there were found thirty -five 
confirmed stones in his bladder, and not above two spoonfuls 
of moisture. Some of the stones were as large as nutmegs or 
walnuts, one of them which looks like the bezoar stones, and 
consists of several coats or incrustations, was given me by his 
relict, who is great-grandaughter to Archbishop Tob. Mathews." 
— Thoresby's Ducat. Leod. 619 seq. 



78 LIFE OF if. ROBINSOK 

could he walk but softly and gingerly, nor yet 
endure any jogging or motion that shocked him. 
He could neither move on foot or horseback or in 
the coach without bloody water and high pains of 
the strangury ; nay one of the stones pressed upon 
one of the small guts, and stopt the passage of his 
excrement, that nothing passed without violence or 
excessive pains. This extremity of pain brought 
him low even to pining leanness and weakness, and 
the most of his time he spent upon his bed. Yet 
in this his illness being ready to be stoned to death 
(though not so unkindly as Stephen was by his 
enemies) he would not for some time be hindered 
from preaching his turns twice every other Lord's 
day, though he was scarce able to get into the 
pulpit ; neither could he stand in it at all, but had 
a seat erected for that purpose, and in this his low 
condition he finished his Annotations on the Bible, 
which held him about seven years [and a half or 
eight years ^]. His death was monthly expected by 
all that saw or heard him, and in this his affliction 
he left no ways unused or books unconsulted ; but 
the choicest secrets of physicians yielded to him 
very little ease. 

62. In this condition he much desired to be 
carried in an horse-litter to the spas which in his 
youth and former state had much refreshed him. 
Few looked for his return home, yet the water that 



1 These words are struck out in'the MS. 



LIFE OF if. ROBIFSOX. 79 

summer gave him some ease, that he returned home 
rather better. Then his distemper charged upon 
him with fresh violence, but God put it into his 
heart to drink plenty of cold spring water, for his 
pains of urine required great quantities of drink, 
and strong' drink he could not drink to excess, and 
therefore fell to the use of water ; and it proved an 
ordinance of God for his relief He constantly to 
his dying day drank a pint of cold water going to 
bed, and in the night at three or four times a pint 
and half, and in a morning fasting three pints at 
least, often four : sometimes in cold nights he put 
a little milk into his water, and sometimes a spoon- 
ful of brandy. This course in half a year's time 
turned his body into a soluble frame, to constant 
evacuations morning and night. It broke wind 
continually downwards and abated his strangury 
pains, it procured him a better appetite to his 
meat, and he gTcw more fleshy, corpulent, well- 
favoured, improved in his carcass near three stone 
weight in two years time. But the stones being 
unremoved, his difficulty of urine still continued, 
but with slighter fits of the strangury. He re- 
commended his plentiful use of spring water to 
many persons afflicted with the stone and wind in 
the bowels, and they found great benefit thereby. 
And by this means for some years he protracted 
his painful pilgrimage to the comfort of many, and 
would have been witty and pleasant in his conver- 
sation, when his extremities were not upon him ; 
and under his pressures he was silent, patient, and 



80 LIFE OF M. EOBIFSON. 

submissive^ thankfully praising God for these father- 
like corrections. • 

63. He was very often looking into his grave 
ere he fell into it ; witness his frequent sermons of 
mortality (which others deemed his funeral sermons) 
and his setting of his house and heart in order 
yearly, to prevent all differences and disputes 
amongst relations ; he therefore had his will and 
testament ever in safe custody well attested, and 
in his last will having secured provisions for his 
schools, hospitalers and almspeople, he committed 
to me the especial care of these his schools and 
hospital. He also gave me all his valuable manu- 
scripts and library, and some of his choice breed of 
fine horses, and confirmed the estate he had before 
settled on myself and children, having formerly 
assigned to me his living and beloved people to 
me. So great were the benefactions of my ever 
honoured uncle, but the greatest part of his estate 
he gave to his beloved brother. Sir Leonard Robin- 
son, chamberlain of London^, and to his only son 
Mr. Tho. Robinson^, whom he had set up mer- 
chant in London and given to him in order thereunto 
at once 1500 pounds j to these he left an estate of 
£800 and good lands by himself purchased, only 

^ From 1689 to 1696 (Allen's Hist, of London, ii. 285). 

2 '^ Sir Leonard by Deborah ... of Sir James Collet, sheriff 
of London, had issue Thomas, who married Lydia &c." — 
Thoresby's Ducat, Leod. 263. He was knighted by William 
III. Oct. 29, 1692 {Engl, Baronetagej 1741, v. 226, where is 
an account of the family). 



LIFE OF M, ROBINSOR. 81 

reserving out of the same a moderate jointure for 
his wife for her life, and a life estate of 130 pounds 
per annum purchased by that worthy lady Mrs. Ann 
Savil, who did not survive him much above half a 
year ; nor was he unmindful of any of his friends. 

64. But at last after he had long waited for his 
dissolution, God sent that messenger for his servant 
whom he found thus prepared. His distemper made 
a fresh attack upon him at Kipley, whither he had 
been carried for the benefit of the Spas, and after a 
close confinement to room and bed it entirely stopt 
his water, that by no means it could pass fi-om him, 
which, as he had conjectured, struck him with an 
apoplexy, and transported him to his heavenly 
Father, the 27th of !N'ovember, Anno Dom. 1694^, 
in the 66th year of his age. And his body was 
conveyed to Burneston, in the quire of which 
church he lieth buried under a marble stone ^ which 
himself had prepared. 

^ *^ 1692. July he went to Ripley and staid there till his 
death which happend Nov. 27, 1694. buryd Nov. 30." — MS. 
Chronol. 

2 With this inscription : 

''Matt. Robinson A.M. 

Per 40 Annos Pastor Fidus, 

Dotibus Gratiae, Naturae, Fortunaeque Datus, 

Sacra Theologia Medicinaque Insignis. 

Charitatis Monumenta ahbi posuit, 

Hie Corporis Exuvias deposuit. 

Anno ^tatis ( 66 

Annoque Dni \ 1695." 

Whitaker, ii. 130. 

6 



82 



LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 



6^, In this fulness lie lived, and thus he died, 
leaving behind him these many monuments of his 
good name, never to be forgotten in these parts.] 

G. Grey. 



'^ The only way to make a man^s notion his oivn, is to com- 
municate and discourse about it, and submit it to examination : 
so that those, that are most profitable, are most profited, and by 
communicating themselves they are most improved" — Which- 
cote's Aphorisms, No. 59. 

" Man had need be universally sTcilled, to have right done 
him in the world; for generally, things are done for the vendor's 
gain, and not for the buyer's service: whereas every prof ession 
does imply a trust for the service of the public. The aHisVs 
skill ought to be the buyer's security ."—Ibid, No. 371. 







APPENDIX. 



t" Life of Matthew Sohinson, written hy himself'"' 

The MS. wMch is here for the first time printed is 
contained with others in a folio volume (S. 19) in 
St. John's College Library. It is written on 11 
leaves (22 pages) in two difierent hands. A title in 
Zachary Grey's hand (see University Library MS. 
Ee. 6. 42) runs thus : " The Life of Mr. Matthew 
Robinson, M.A. Yicar of Burniston in the North 
Hiding of Yorkshire, and Diocese of Chester ; and 
Some Time Fellow of St. John's College Cambridge. 
All written with His own hand, excepting the 
Four Last Pages." This account is confirmed by 
Robinson's signature in the Johnian register, when 
he was admitted to a fellowship ; for it is written 
in the same crabbed hand as the first 18 leaves of 
the MS. (the entry made on his admission to a 
scholarship appears to be in a difierent hand). Two 
separate papers (both, I believe, in Z. Grey's hand) 
are preserved with the MS. j one contains Robin- 
son's epitaph; the other, a chronology of the 
principal events of his life ; this I have quoted 

6—2 



84 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 

ill the notes as MS. Chron.; it is addressed " To 
— Grray, Esq." and has a note by Baker. " Apr. 3*^^- 
1650. Ego Math. Kobinson Dunelmensis admissus 
sum in perpetuiun socium pro D. Fundatrice." As 
Robinson's nephew George Grey completed the life, 
and as his son Zachary had a literary correspon- 
dence with Baker, it seems probable that the MS. 
was presented to the Library by Zachary, whose 
brother George notes in his diary (Dec. 1704, in 
Surtees' Hist, of Burhairh^ ii. 16) : " This winter J 
copyd uncle Matthew Bobinson's Life, and pre- 
pared his MS. annotations on the Bible for binding." 
The MS. has chronological notes and corrections 
(by Z. Grey f) and passages, often very character- 
istic, are crossed as if for omission. 

The following classified index of words spelt 
otherwise than our modern fashion requires may be 
useful to the philological reader. It will be seen 
that the greatest blunders occur in George Grey's 
portion of the life. 

1 Contractions of prae, pro, per, par, the, that, and: 
coinons, sums. 

2 Additions (a) of consonants: badd, bedd, colledges, 
fledd, gladdly, redd, studdys, unredd; off (for of); begg; 
chatecbized (p. 58), cbatecbisticall (p. 72); etbicks, New- 
karkers, pbysicks, poeticks, publick; beutifuU, chapell, cita- 
dell, civill, Hanniball, barlott, naturaU, pensills, plentiful!, 
royallist, scboller, subtill, valine; sums; runn; parsnipps, 
trappan, turnepps, upp ; vancurriers (p. 5 2), warrs ; purcbasses 
(P- 53)> ^tt, butt, carryotts, gnatts, gott, mett, pitty, poetts, 
visitts, writt, yett; Newwark. 

(b) of vowels : cserimonys, cloatbs, doated, neapbews, quses- 
tions ; abroade (or abrode), addresseing, airely (early), beate. 



APPENDIX, 85 

bookes, briefely, concemes, countervaile, fairely, finde, flye, 
flyeing, goe, gowne, greate, hee, hoores (hours), kingdome, 
laureate, Lincolneshire, niemoires, neere, noe, payne, poeme, 
schoole, seate, slaine, soe, solemne, swarmes, taskes, tooke, 
trye, tumes, Tweede, yeare; haires (hares), haisten, their 
(there, p. 32) ; looth (p. 34, 1. i, but loth ib. 1. 1), poosted ; 
authour, bachelour, desertours, governour, guarding (garden, 
p. 59), guilded, louse (lose), moderatour, souldier, Spaulding; 
Spaws; Grretay. 

3 Omissions (a) of consonants : adresses, medlar (meddler); 
of (off); genteely (p. 55), shels (p. 77); recomended; leaness 
(p. 78) ; ile (isle) ; manuscrips (p. 80). 

(b) of voivels : abrode, brest ; Cambridg, censurs, cloths 
or cloaths, entred, frontispice, judgment, mony, recreat, ten- 
dred, therefor; portrature, vew. 

4 Changes (a) of voiuels: a for e; Tease, trappan(p. 21), 
speach (p. 23), medlar (p. 52). a for ^; ostrages (p. 17). a 
foru; Yeralam (p. 74). ai for ea; airely (p. 6). e for a; 
compleine (p. 71), continuence (p. 76), deteined (p. 67), em- 
bassadour, grammer, neere, pleasent (p. 79), scollers (p. 33), 
then (than) : except (accept, p. 75). e for i; complement (p. 
49), emminent (imminent, p. 71), enquiry (p. 21), sereous (p. 
37). ea for e; feavour (p. 76). e for ie; grevious (p. 73). 
ei for ai; streight, streiter (p. 67), streines (p. 48). ei for ie; 
peices, freinds. eiv for ue; fewles (fuel, p. 61). i for a; cab- 
bish (p. 79). i for e; cariere (p. 33), deligated (p. 74), dis- 
paired (p. 28), dispised (p. 4), dispite (p. 26), enimys, imploy 
(pp. I and 40), ingaged (p. 8). i for y ; Yandike. for ew; 
soed. 00 for au; deboochery (p. 46). u for 0; attumey (p. 
54), bloud (p. 76). u for w; hauling (p. 32). u for y; pres- 
buterian (p. 73). y for i; appoynted, beautyfuU, choyce, 
dayly, fayled, hy story, joyn, mayntain, onyons (p. 59), payne, 
paynting, plentyfuU, polytitian (p. 5^2), prayses (p. 72), 
trayned (p. 72). 

(b) of consonants : c for qu; conim (p. 52). c for s; para- 
dice (p. 33). c for t; Grocius (p. 53). /for v; strife (p. 36). 
Jc for c; carkass (p. 79), unkle (p. 80). s for c; defense. 



86 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

pensills, practise (p. 40). s fort; mension (p. 76). s for z; seised 
(p. 24). t for c; physitian (p. 38 ; phisitians, pp. 76, 78), 
polytitian (p. 52), velotiores (p. 69). t for d; Huntington. 
t for s; mantion (p. 62), paritioners (p. 70), persuation (p. 
72). z for s; anatomizing (p. 32), chozen (p. 23). 

To these irregularities in spelling must be added some 
peculiarities of inflection ; (i). Plurals: cserimonys (p. 74), 
countrys, dignitys, enimys, ferrys, infirmitys, lifes, monys, 
pluralitys, themselfs. (2). Preterites: breed (p. 47), see (p. 
35; foresee, p. 57). (3). Participles: acquitt (p. 69), com- 
mitt (p. 68). 

Additional Rotes, 

p. 4, n. 2. aggranreverzed. A friend suggests 
that this corrupt word is intended for some form of 
aggravesGO, 

p. 4, line 6 from foot. R. Urban. Raffaelle. 

p. 5, n. 2. I owe the following extracts relating 

to the Robinson family to the kindness of the Rev. 

«/ 

John Ward, rector of Wath near Ripon. 



Robinsons <Scc, at Burneston, co. York, 

The Registers at Bumeston near Bedale, co. York, com- 
mence A. D. 1566, and for the most part are perfect and in a 
good state of preservation. During the latter part of the 
reign of Charles I., and the first years of the commonwealth, 
when most of the neighbouring registers were laid aside, these 
were, on the contrary, well kept. 

The name of Robinson occurs from the commencement of 
the books down to the present time (1856). Some of the fol- 
lowing extracts may relate to the family of the Rev. Matthew 
Robinson, who became vicar of Bumeston in 165 1, and resigned 
14 Septr. 1682, and other extracts are added to shew the 
succession of Vicars. 



APPENDIX, 87 

A John Robison of Exilby in Burneston parish, had 4 
children baptized between 1568 and 1577, viz. Anne, Dorothy, 
Leonard and Thomas. 

Eichard Eobison, of Exilby, had Thomas and Alicia bap- 
tized in 1624 and 1625. 
1636 (7). ffeb. 14. William Robbinson filius M". Joh'is de 

Bum. Yicarius {sic, and so below) baptiz. fuit. 
1647. June 23. John, the sonne of Mr. John Robinson of 
Burneston, bapt. June 23. 
Michael Robison of Leeming Lane had the following 
children: Francis in 1650, Jane 165 1, John 1653, 
Mary 1654-5, William 1656-7 (the father called 
of Exilby in this and the next entry), Katherine 
1659, Richard 1662, Michael 1665-6. 
1684. Elizabetha filia Georgii Gray Vicarious de Burneston 

baptizata fait decimo nono die Junij. 
1686. Zachariah fihus Georgii Grey Yicarius de Burneston 

baptizat. fuit sexto die Maij. 
1689. Mattheus Fil. Geo. Grey Vic. de Burn. Spt. 12. (bap- 
tized.) 
1694. Hanna fiUia Georgii Grey Vicarius de Burneston March 

30. (baptized.) 
1703. Deer. 12. "William sonne of William Robison of y^ 

Street (Leeming Lane, baptized). 
1 7 12. Juliana, y^ daughter of Jos. Robinson, Vicr. of Bumis- 
ton, June 26 (baptized). 
(Mr. Joseph Robinson seems to have omitted to 
enter many baptisms during his short incumbency: 
his own child Juliana is, perhaps, the last regular 
entry. Other entries were made and scrupulously 
certified by different people.) 
John Robinson, vicar of Burneston, took the register 
into his hand from the first of September, 17 16. 
1717. May 2. Rachel, daughter of John Robinson, Vicar of 

Burneston. (baptized.) 
1 71 7. Oct. 12. Dorothy, daughter of Elias Robinson of Burnes- 
ton. (baptd.) 



88 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

1 7 19 (20). March 7. Margaret, daughter of John Eobinson, 
Vicar of Bumeston. (baptized.) 

1724. April 25. Elizabeth, daughter of John Eobinson, Vicar 

of Burneston. (bpd.) 

1725. September 29. Isabel, daughter of John Eobinson, 

Vicr. of Bumeston. (bpd.) 

1732. July 29. John and Wm. sons of Francis Robison of 
Leeming Street, (bpd.) 

1735 (6). Jan. 9th. Thomas, son of Mr. John Robinson, 
Vicar of Burneston. (bapt. : — ^by his second wife 
Mary Fisher, of Scruton, co. York, whom he married 
at Well, CO. York, 26 Deer. 1734.) 

1737. June 3. Thomas, son of John Robinson, Vicr. of Bur- 
neston. (baptd.) 

1739. June 17. Mary, daughter of John Robinson, Vicr. of 
Burneston. (baptd.) 

1739. ^^*- ^^- Deborah, daughter of Mr. John Robinson, 
son of the Vicar of Burneston. (baptd.) 

1 741 (2). Jan. 30. Ann, daughter of William Robinson, clerk, 
curate of Leeming. (bpd.) 

1743. Novr. 28. William, son of John Robinson, Vicar of 

Bumeston. (baptized: by his third wife, Elizabeth 
Greaves of Prescot. See Bumeston marriages.) 

1744. Deer. 23. Elizabeth, daughter of John Robinson, Vicar 

of Bumeston. (bpd.) 

1746. May 17. Ann, daughter of John Robinson, Vicar of 

Burneston. (bpd.) 

1747. Aug. 7. Sarah, daughter of John Robinson, Vicar of 

Burneston. (bpd.) 
1749. Deer. 20. Richard, son of John Robinson, Vicar of 

Burneston. (bpd.) 
1773. Jan. 31. Ann, daughter of Mr. Wilham Robinson of 

Bumeston. (bptd.) 
1775. July 22. Charles, son of the Rev. Mr. Heneage Elsley 

of Bumeston (baptd.). His other children, G-regory, 

7 Octr. 1 7 76— Elizabeth, 20 April 1778— Charles 18 

June 1779. 



APPENDIX, 89 

1792. Septr. 15. Charles Heneage, son of the Rev. Heneage 
Elsley and Miriam his wife, of Bumeston. Now 
Recorder of York. 

1782. April 29. Ann Wilkinson, the daughter of Mr. Wil- 
ham Robinson of Bumeston. (bpd.) 

1 789. Octr. 20th. Mary, daughter of Mr. William Robinson 
of Bumeston and Mary his wife, (bpd.) Other chil- 
dren of Wm. and Mary baptd. Elizabeth, 10 Octr. 
1790 — William, 30 Octr. 1791 — Catharine, 19 Octr. 
1792 — ^William and Jane, twins, 2 Deer. 1793 — 
Emma, 26 Apr. 1795 — Richard, 24 July, 1796 — 
Thomas Madgson, 17 Feb. 1799. 

(Regr. not searched after A. D. 1812.) 

Burials, 

1567 (8). Januarij 31. Miles Robisonn de Thexton sepultus 

fuit. 
1592. Ap. 21. Henricus Waddington Vicarius sepultus fuit. 
1600. Sep. 4. Jana Robison de Thexton sepulta fuit. 
1606 (7). Januarij 29. Richardus Wilson Vicarius de Bur. 

sepultus fuit. 

161 3. Maij II. Dorothea uxr. Nicholai Robbison sepulta fuit. 

1 614. Octb. 9. Johnes Robbison de Gatenby sepultus fuit. 
161 7. Novber 14. Nicholaus Robbison sepulta fuit. (sic). 
1623. Junij 16. Mres Margareta Robbinson de Allathrop 

sepuL fuit. 

1625. Julij xxvijth. Mr. Thomas Robbinson de Allathorppe 
sepults fuit Junii (sic) 27, 1625. (This entry, which 
is written in very large German text, stands between 
an entry dated July 28 [immediately preceding which 
are other entries in July] and an entry dated August 
27.) 

1 64 1. Novb. 8. Phillis Robison de Thexstone sepulta fuit. 

1645. May 4th. Gifferey Robbison of Theakstone was buryed. 

1 65 1. Mr. John Robinson, Yiccar of Bumestone, depted this 
life the 28th of May 1651, and was interred the 29th. 
(In Gennan text.) 



90 LIFE OF if. ROBINSOF. 

Scripta sacrata probant, aeterna memoria Justi est, 

Vives ore hominum, vivus in arce Jovis. 
The Just's remembrance lasts for aye, soe saitb the word. 
Then live with men, thou ever ; who livest with the Lord. 

1668. Michael Robison de Leeming lane sepultus fuit vicesimo 
septimo die 9bris. 

J 674. E-ichardus Yitty paroecise Burnestonensis viginti annos 
Clericus ejusdemque Registrarius, pi^ & honest^ 
Quinquaginta quinq. annorti peregrinatione lassatus, 
Terras reliquit & Coelos (speratum habitaculu) adivit, 
secundo die Maii ; dieq. postero Corpus in pulverem 
(nee sine lachrymis) mcesta Amicorum Turba demitte- 
bant. (Vitty was sworn in registrar in 1653; his 
appointment as clerk does not appear.) 

1675. Johannes filius Cath. Robison viduse de Leeming lane 
sept, fuit vicesimo sexto Maij. 

1684. Anna fil. Geo. Grey Vicarii de Burneston Spta May 17. 

1684. Gulielmus Robinson de Rippon Sptus Novr. 5. 

1689 (90). GuUelmus Rider Psedagogus de Burn. Spt. 
Jan. 14. 

1690. Elizabetha Geo. Grey Yicar. de Burn, uxor Aug. 2. 

1694. Mattheus Robinson Vicar, de Burn. Novr. 30. 

1696. Winnefridia Robinson extraparochiaHs Sept. 27. 

1697. Catharina Robison de Street May 27. 

171 1. The Reverend Mr. George Grey, Yicar of Burneston, 
June 13th. 
Quod cecidit pulvis fuit, atq. umbratile Corpus, 

Cui tegmen tellus sesquipedale dedit ; 
Enthea sed Psyche periturae nescia mortis, 
Morte triumphata regnat in arce poU. 
1720. April 13. Ann, wife of Francis Robison of the Street. 
1720. May 24. Mrs. Grey, wife of the late vicar of Burneston. 

1720. Sepr. 25. Joan, wife of Wilham Robison of the Street. 

(Leeming Lane, an old Roman way between Aid- 
borough and Catterick. 20 miles. — The boundary of 
many parishes, but not of Burneston.) 

1 72 1. April. 17. William Robison of the Street. 



APPENDIX. 91 

1 722. Aug. 19. John Day of Bumeston, nephew of J. Robin- 
son, Vicar. 

1724. May 26. Elizabeth, daughter of John Robinson, Vicar 

of Bumeston. 

1725. 7ber 29. Mrs. Rachel Robinson, wife of John Robin- 

son, Vicr. of Bumeston. 

1726. 7ber 14. Francis Robison of the Street. 

1732 (3). Feb. 8. Dorothy Robinson from Rippon Parish. 

1733 (3). Feb. 17. Ann Robinson of Burneston. 

1733 (4). Feb. 17. William, son of Francis Robison of Leem- 

ing Street. 
1736. April 28. Thomas, son of John Robinson, Vicr. of 

Bumeston. 
1739. June 17. Mary, wife of Mr. John Robinson, Vicr. of 

Burneston. (Mary Fisher.) 
1 741 (2). Jan. 22. John Robison of Deeming Street. 
1747. April 2. Ann Robison, widdow, of Exelby. 
1754. June I. Joseph Robison, servant at the Oak Tree in 

Deeming Dane. 

1758, Aug. 19. Sarah, daughter of John Robinson, Vicar of 

Bumeston. 

1759. May 15. Henry Vitty, under master of Bumeston 

school. 
1764. Deer. 18. The Revd. Mr. John Robinson, clerk, M.A. 

Vicar of Burneston. 
1775. July 23. Charles, son of the Revd. Mr. Heneage Elsley 

of Bumeston. 
1 78 1. Dec. 29. Ann, daughter of Mr. William Robinson of 

Bumeston. 
1786. Dec. 13. Mrs. E. Robinson, widow, of Bumeston. 

(EHzabeth Greaves.) 

1788. April 9. Anne, wife of Mr. Robinson of Burneston. 

(Qy ist wife of William.) 

1789. May 27. The Revd. Grregory Elsley, clerk, M.A. Vicar 

of Bumeston. 
1792. Jan. 6. William, son of Mr. William Robinson and 
Mary his wife, of Burneston. 



92 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

1798. May 9. Mrs. Mary Elsley of Carthorpe, widow of the 
late Eevd. Gregory Elsley, M. A. Vicar of Burneston. 

i8oi. Feb. 10. Jane, daughter of Mr. William and Mrs. 
Mary Robinson of Burneston. 

1803. June 23. Mr. William Kobinson of Burneston. 

(Register examined to the end of A. D. 18 12.) 

Marriages. 

1593. Julij 9. Richardus Robbinson et Anna Runthaite nupti 

fuerunt. 

1594. Junij 26. Mr. Thorneton et Mres ifrancis Robbinson 

nupti fuerunt. 

161 1. Junij 16. Marcus Gayle et Margaret Robbinson nupti 

fuerunt. 

161 2. Novb. 26. Michael Robbinson et Elizab. Rayson nupti 

fuerunt. 

1 619 (20). ffebruarij 7. Mattheus France et Anna Robbinson 
nupti fuerunt. 

1622 (3). ifebruarij i. Marcus Linsdayle et Elizab. Robbin- 
son nupti fuerunt. 

1623. Novb. 13. Richardus Robbison et Anna Mitchell nupti 
fuerunt. 

1649. -^pr. 28. Michael Robison and Catherine Barugh mar- 
ry ed. 

1657. Mr. Matthew Robinson, minister of the gospell in the 
parish of Burneston, and Mrs. Jane Pickring of the 
City of Yorke, in the pish of Cruse Church, the 
daughter of Mr. Marke Pickring of Ackworth, de- 
ceased, after the publication of there agreement to 
marriage three severall Lords dayes, viz. the thirteenth, 
twentieth, and the twenty- seventh of September, in 
our Church at Burneston, att the forenoone exercise, 
were accordingly married twelveth day of October, in 
the yeare of our Lord God one thousand six hundred 
fifty and seven. 

1665. Georgius Carter and Anna Robinson nupti fuerunt 
decimo quinto die Junij. 



APPENDIX, -93 

(A Deficiency in the Register from 11 Nov. 1684 to 
29 Deer. 1698.) 
1700. June 13. Thomas Dun and Katharine Kobinson. 

1 703. June 20. William Kobison and Joanna Langdaile. 

1704. Gatenby — Mr. John Warcopp and Mrs. Eliz. Grey 

maryed, Aprill 17. — Gatenby a*hamlet in Bur. 
(a Chasm from Feb. 1711 to Septr. 1716.) 
1739 (40). Janry. 26. Francis Robinson and Mary Pybus, 

both of the Street, by Banns. 
1740. Dec. 29. John Robinson, Yicar of Burneston, and 
Elizabeth Greaves, late of Prescot in Lancashire, 
with License. 
1746. April 23. John Robinson of Bedale and Ann Kay of 

Carthrop, by Banns. 
1 75 1. Novr. 12. Edward Robinson and Mary Kettlewell of 
Theakston, by Banns. 

(Register examined down to A. D. 1812.) Heneage 
Elsley first signs as Vicar, 10 May, 1790, 
and continued to the end of 18 12. 



Robinsons at Hornby, co, York. 

1677. Mr. Eunard (Query Leonard) Robinson of Gill Hall, 
buried 8 October, 1677. 

1681. Mrs. Robinson of Gill Hall, widow, was buried the ist 

of November, 1681. 

1682. Leonard, the sonne of Mr. Leonard Robinson of Gill 

Hall, was baptized the 3 1 January, 
1684. William, son of Mr. Leonard Robinson of Gill Hall, 

was baptized ye 3d day of July, 1684. 
1695. Mrs. Ann Robinson of Gill HaU, was buryed May 30, 

(maiden name Barker, wife of the merchant). 
1695. Mr. George Lightfoot and Mrs. Catherine Robinson, 

both of Gill HaU, were marry ed Dec. 26. 
1699. Mr. Leonard Robinson of GiU Hall (merchant) buried 

Dec. 24. 
1699. William, son of Mr. William Robinson of Arrathome, 

buried Feb. 29. 



94 LIFE OF M. ROBINSOF. 

1 703. Jane, daughter of Mr. William Eobinson of Arrathorne, 

buried Jul. 4. 
1703. Mr. William Eobinson of Arrathome (Practiconer in 

Physick), buried Nov. 8. 
1705. Leonard Eobinson of Gill Hall, gent, buried Nov. 3. 
1 708. Note ! that tlie*marriage of Mr. William Eobinson of 
Gilhall with Mary, daughter of Mr. Thomas Cotting- 
ham of Tunstall, should have been plac'd before in 
y® Eegister : they being marryed Jun. lo.^ 
(The above note stands between Feb. 27 and Mar. 
17, 1708 (9).) 
1 713. Mrs. Mary Eobinson, widdow of Mr. Leond. Eobinson, 
late of Gill Hall, dyed at Easby, and was here buried 
Apl. II. 

(Copied from the Topographer, Part xvi. Octr. 

1854) p. 336, where there are Harrisons of 

the Allerthorpe family. 

Thomas Eobinson, son of William Eobinson, Esq. and 

Ann his wife, was baptized at Wath, 27th March, 

1 701. They occupied Middleton Hall in Wath parish. 

p. 6, 1. 9. his om. MS. nine. 8. man, prim, 
9. man. sec. 

^ This William Eobinson was afterwards of Easby near 
Eichmond, and was the son of Leonard Eobinson of Gill 
Hall (merchant). 

William and Mary had issue Leonard and 4 daughters, 
viz. Mary ; 2 Sarah, md. to Mr. John Stapylton Eaisbeck of 
Stockton on Tees. 3 Elizabeth. 4 Frances, md. to Eevd. 
John Brewster, A.M. Vicar of Greatham, afterwards of 
Egglescliffe, co. Pal. Dunelm, the historian of Stockton. 

Leonard the son, md. Priscilla, 2d daur. of Peter Con- 
sett, Esqr. of Brawith, co. York, and had issue 4 daurs. 

1 Elizabeth, md. to Eobt. Wilkinson of Stockton, Banker. 

2 Anne," md. Bartholomew Eudd, Esqr. 3 Priscilla, md. 
Frederick Lumby of Stockton, Banker. 4 Mary, md. her 
cousin, Leonard Eaisbeck, of Stockton, Esqr. 



APPENDIX. 95 



P- 7> 



Some readers may be interested by an extract from Cor. 
derius' preface (dat. Genevae, viii. Idus Febniar. Anno 
Christianse E-edemptionis mdlxiii. ^tatis autem nostras 
LXXXV.), in wbicb lie speaks with just pride of his pupil Cal- 
vin and his teacher and patron Robert Stephens. ''Annus 
agitur minimum quinquagesimus, ex quo suscepta docendi 
pueros provincia, in hanc cogitationem totus incubui, qua 
possem ratione efl&cere, ut pueri pietatem bonosque mores 
cum humanarum literarum studiis conjungerent. Quamvis 
enim, cum Parisiis primum eo munere fungi ccepi, (cum in 
aliis gymnasiis, tum in Ehemensi, S. Barbarse, Lexoviensi, 
Marchiano, Navarrseo) nondum mihi verum evangelii lumen 
illuxisset, sed in profundis superstitionum tenebris demersus 
jacerem; discipulos tamen meos bona fide semper, non solum 
ad humanitatis studia, sed etiam ad cultum divinum adhorta- 
bar : (si tamen eo nomine appellare licet profanes illos falsse 
ecclesiae ritus, quos ego pene ab incunabulis hauseram, et Deo 
acceptas esse mihi persuaseram.) Me autem in illo instituto 
constanter perseverasse, satis idonei sunt testes Kbelli aliquot 
a me diversis temporibus editi in quibus scribendis semper 
mihi consihum fuit ad utrumque horum simul pueros formare : 
idem testari possunt et mei discipuH, e quorum ingenti nu- 
mero cum supersint ad hunc usque diem plerique celeberrimi 
viri ; unus tamen potissimum in prsesentia mihi occurrit ex 
iis quos Parisiis docui, prsestantissimus ille vir Joannes Cal- 
vinus, quem honoris causa nomino. Ex quo autem mei miser- 
tus Pater clementissimus mentem vera sui evangelii cognitione 
illustravit, multo etiam ardentius id propositum persecutus 
sum. Quod et Nivemensis schola, et aliquanto post etiam 
Burdigalensis (ad quam, Lutetia profugus propter evangelicas 
doctrinse professionem, me contuleram) per triennium experta 
est. Sed cum et plenior evangelii cognitio deinde accessisset, 
et liberior etiam, imo vero prorsus libera mihi esset ejus pro- 
fessio ; tum vero voti mei compos reddi vehementiore deside* 
rio quam unquam antea concupivi. Atque id testari hsec 



96 LIFE OF M, ROBINSOF. 

schola Genevensis jampridem potuit, in qua ego, relicta 
Burdigalensi, docui : potuit autem Nicomensis, cujus per 
annos circiter septem fai moderator (de Neocamo autem in 
Helvetiorum finibus sito loquor:) potuit et Lausanensis id 
testari, ubi gymnasiarchse partes annos totos duodecim mag- 
nificentissimorum dominorum Bematum auspiciis sustinui : 
potuerunt (inquam) una cum G-enevensi lise quoque scbolse id 
testari : sed et nunc eadem mihi testis esse potest, cum in earn 
me secundo Pater ille benignissimus, senectutis mese misertus 
(quae annum octogesimum quintum attigit) tanquam in por- 
tum tutissimum, post infinitos labores et multa pericula rece- 
perit. Ex quo tempore ssepissime mecum cogitavi, quae 
potissimumve inservire illi possem, qui me per totam vitam 
tanta benignitate prosecutus esset, meque tot laboribus et 
periculis liberasset. Cum autem Robertus Stephanus, amico- 
rum meorum intimus (quo primum doctore ad evangelii cog- 
nitionem usus fueram) me, ut alias ssepe, ad scribendum 
aliquid pueris vehementer hortaretur, et adminicula qusecun- 
que necessaria essent poUiceretur, atque adeo jam me benig- 
nissime suis sumptibus aleret, animum ad eam rem appellere 
ccepi. Sed (pro dolor!) Robertus ille mens baud multo post 
ex hac vita ad Christum, non sine maximo literarum detri- 
mento, commigravit. Neque tamen ego incoepto destiti" &c. 

p. 9, n. 3. " The king liad more than a month's 
mind (keeping seven years in that humour) to pro- 
cure the pope to canonize king Henry the Sixth 
for a saint." Fuller's Church History, ii. 502 (ed. 
Brewer). 

p. 10, 1. 6. See the relation of the siege of 
Newcastle in Somers' Tracts (ed. Scott), v. 279. 

p. 10, n. 4. Calamy says of Thomas Hill (Gont. 
p. 856) : " So expert a linguist when he first went 
to the university [Cambridge], not only in the 
Latin, Hebrew, &c., but in the Greek tongue, 



AFFENBIX, 97 

iLSually so defectively understood, that he was 
owned even at his admission to be superior in it to 
many or most of the tutors." 

p. 14, n. 4. See Herrick's premature paean, 
Hesperides (ed. Pickering), ii. 84. 

p. 15, lin. penult, about seventeen. So man, 
sec; but 14, orig.; almost 17, man. tert. 

p. 16. The relation between tutor and pupil in 
E-obinson's time, and the subjects of study, may be 
learnt from the following letter : 

Francis Gardiner to W. Sancrofb. Aug. 1646. 

" I am not ignorant of the usual course of the 
university : most tutors I have known, if they read 
twice a day and took axjcount of that, held them- 
selves sufficiently discharged of their trust; few 
did so much. If my judgement fail not, my son 
can soon digest what shall be read to him in half 
an hour, either in logic or philosophy. 

" I hope therefore you have, beside the common 
task, appointed him some select Greek author to 
converse wifh, and that he hath your assistance to 
make some progress in the Hebrew Bible. For his 
geometry and arithmetic, his fancy tending that 
way, may happily cause him to spend some hours 
in those studies (I would not have any trifled 
away). 

"For a recreation I could wish, if the place afford 
any, he had the help of a master in the French 

language, that the little he hath be not lost 

I know I expect no impossibilities, though perhaps 



98 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

somewliat more than ordinary, "as I confess (on 

your encouragement) I do from you Above all 

my desire is, that Sundays fast days and the like 
may have their particular employment in divine 
studies, besides his constant reading the Scriptures 
each morniug and evening, which how he follows 
and understands, if you please sometime to question 
him, will be soon discerned." — Gary's Memorials, i. 
151, 152. 

Ihid, n. 3. " I deem it to be an old errour of 
universities not yet well recovered from the scho- 
lastic grossness of barbarous ages, that instead of 
beginning with arts most easy, and those be such as 
are most obvious to the sense, they present their 
young unmatriculated novices at first coming with 
the most intellective abstractions of logic and meta- 
physics." Milton, Of Education (Mitford's ed.), iv. 
382. " He passed some time at his father's house 
before he went to the university; which time was 

not lost, for his father read and interpreted to 

him a common logic, I think it was Molineus, with 
somewhat of metaphysics. This was some ease at 
his first entrance into the college." Lives of the 
Norths (1826), iii. 283. " To such as grew ripe to 
be removed to the universities, he read himself a 
brief system of logic, and sent them from him, 
beside the verbal art of grammar, tinctured with 
the syllogisms of reason." Hacket's Life of Williams, 
ii. 36. " And then possibly before they have sur- 
veyed the Greek alphabet, to be racked and tortured 



APPENDIX. 99 

with a sort of harsli abstracted logical notions, which 
their wits are no more able to endure than their 
bodies the strapado, and to be delivered over to 
a jejune barren peripatetic philosophy, suited only 
(as Monsieur Descartes says) to wits that are 
seated below mediocrity, which will furnish them 
with those rare imaginations of materia primay 
privation, universalia, and such trumpery, which 
they understand no more than their tutors." J.H[all]. 
An Humble Motion to tlie Parliament of England 
concerning the Advancement of Learning : and Refor- 
mation of the Universities. London, Printed for John 
Walker at the Starr e in Pope' s- Head- Alley . mdcil. 
(Cambr. Univ. Libr. Bb. lo, 14), 26. See an account 
of the exercises in Amhurst's Terras Filius, Nos. 20, 
21, who tells a story of a great Oxonian who de- 
clared Smiglecius, next to the Bible, the best book ever 
written, 

p. 19, c. 10. The following extracts give some 
insight into the course of study pursued at Cam- 
bridge early in the seventeenth century. 

" I there also first began a common-place book of 
divinity, . . . upon a sermon I heard preached in the 
university church ; wherein the minister taxed the 
general abuse of students, who usually filled great 
volumes with collections touching human arts and 
sciences, but seldom with divinity. I was present, 
also, not only at the commencement in St. Mary's, 
but at divers divinity acts in the public schools, at 
problems, common-places, and catechisings, for the 
most part then constantly obser^^ed in their due 

7—2 



100 LIFE OF if. ROBINSON, 

times in our private chapel in St. John's ; often- 
times, also, at) the public lectures in the schools, 
upon points of controversy, especially those of 
Dr. Davenant, the Lady Margaret's Professor, ... in 
which he most clearly confuted the blasphemies of 
Arminius, Bertius and the rest of that rabble of 
Jesuited Anabaptists." — D'Ewes, i. 120. 

" Of ethics, or moral philosophy he [my tutor] 
read to me Gelius C?), and part of Piccolomineus ; of 
physics, part of Magirus ; and of history, part of 
Florus, which I after finished, transcribing histori- 
cal abbreviations out of it in mine own private 
study: in which also, I perused most of the other 
authors, and read over Gellius' Attic Nights, and 
part of Macrobius' Saturnals. Nor was my increase 
in knowledge small, which I attained by the ear as 
well as by the eye, by being present at the public 
commencements, at Mr. Downes his public Greek 
lectures^ and Mr. Harbert's [George Herbert's] 
public rhetoric lectures in the university : at 
problems, sophisms, declamations, and other scho- 
lastical exercises in our private college .... Mine 
own exercises performed during my stay here, were 
very few, replying only twice in two philosophical 
acts : the one upon Mr. Richard Salstonstall, in the 
public schools, it being his bachelor's act ; the other 

^ At this time Downes was lecturing on the Be Corona^ 
(139). He offered to read "a private lecture at his house" to 
D'Ewes and some others; but D'Ewes' allowance was too 
small to bear the charge, and besides he despaired of success 
in Greek. 



APPENDIX, 101 

upon Mr. ISTevill, a fellow-cominoner and prime 
student of St. John's college, in the chapeP. My 
declamations also were very rarely performed, being 
but two in number ; the first in my tutor's chamber, 
and the other in the college chapel." — Ihid, 121, 122. 

" I spent the next month [Apr. 1620] very 
laboriously, being busied in the perusal of Aris- 
totle's Physics, Ethics, and Politics; and I read 
logic out of several authors. I gathered notes out 
of Florus's Poman History." — Ihid. 140. 

Much too may be learnt from Seth Ward's Vin- 
dicice AcadeTniarum (Oxford, 1654. 4to. Univ. Libr. 
Bb. TO, 14), where he states (c. 8) that "in the vaca- 
tions our scholars are not exempt from exercise, 
either in the college halls, or in their tutors' cham- 
bers." In chapter 6 he complains of the compara- 
tive neglect of mathematics, but still " must needs 
say, that we read Ptolemy, Apollonius, and Euclid, 
&c." c. 8 fin. Cf Barrow's Opusc. 141, "Wallis in 
Hearne's Langtoft, cxlvii. and cl. 

p. 20, n. 2. 

Hobbes would have silenced metaphysical dis- 
cussions in the universities on " points of natural 



^ ''It fell to our turns to keep a problem together in our 
college chapel, upon a philosophic question, upon Wednesday 
night after supper, the 15th day of this instant March; where 
he having read his position and I having but begun to dispute 
upon him, I was interrupted by a fellow of our college that 
moderated, to my great discontent, he pretending the hour 
was past which was the uttermost time limited for the agitation 
of such exercises." — Ihid. 138. 



102 LIFE OF M. EOBIFSOK 

philosophy, as freedom of will, incorporeal substance, 
everlasting nows, ubiquities, hypostases, which the 
people understand not, nor will ever care for." — 
Behemoth, 95 \ 

In a curious passage of his Plus ultra Glanvill 
ridicules the school metaphysics. " I take him for 
a person that understands the quiddities and hcec- 
ceities, the prcecisiones formales and the objectives, 
the homogeneities and the heterogeneities, the cafe- 
gorematices and the syncategorematice' s, the simpli- 
citers and the secundum quid's. He knows, no 
doubt, that Jirst matter that is neither quid, nor 
quale, nor quantum.; and that wonderful gremium 
materice, out of \f\\\Gh. forms were educed that were 
never there."" &c. &c. 118 seq. On the academic 
study of logic and metaphysics, see ihid. 127, 
Glanvill's Further Discovery of M. Stubhe (London, 
1 67 1. 4to), 17, "Ward's Vind. Acad. cc. 4, 7. 

^ He would have introduced instead the study of ''true 
politics, .... such as are fit to make men know, that it is 
their duty to obey all laics whatsoever that shall by the 
authority of the king be enacted." — 95. He disparages the 
learned languages : ' ' Now ... we have the Scripture in Eng- 
lish, and preaching in English, I see no great need of Latin, 
Greek and Hebrew." — Ihid. 148. Compare 236, 242. That 
his speculative admiration of ignorance was not inconsistent 
with his practice appears from 261 (''Who can be a good 
subject in a monarchy, whose principles are taken from the 
enemies of monarchy, such as were Cicero, Seneca, Cato, 
and other politicians of Rome, and Aristotle of Athens, who 
seldom spake of kings, but as of wolves, and other ravenous 
beasts.") 



APPENDIX. 103 

p. 21, 1. 4. Ethics. Besides the heathen moralists 
Ward {Vind. Acad. 21) names Daneus, Scultetus, 
Amesius, Aquinas, among others studied at the 
university. 

p. 21, n. 2. The new philosophy. "He [Edw. 
Davenant] could not endure to hear of the new 
(Cartesian, &c.) philosophy. For, said he, if a new 
philosophy is brought in, a new divinity will shortly 
follow ; and he was right." — Aubrey's Lives, 300. 
"Those doctors and masters that pleased went to 
the upper room of the museum ;... many that are 
delighted with the new philosophy, are taken with 
them, but some for the old, look upon them as 
baubles." — Wood's Life, May 24, 1683. " From logic 
I proceeded to ethics, physics and metaphysics (con- 
sulting the schoolmen on such points) according to 
the methods of philosophy then in fashion in that 
univei^ity. And I took into it the speculative part 
of physic and anatomy; as parts of natural philo- 
sophy : and as Dr. Glisson (then public professor 
of physic in that university) hath since told me, I 
was the first of his sons, who (in a public disputa- 
tion) maintained the circulation of the blood, (which 
was then a new doctrine) though I had no design of 
practising physic. And I had then imbibed the 
principles of what they now call the new philosophy." 
— Wallis, in Hearne's Lomgtoft, i. cl. "About the 
year 1645, while I lived in London,...! had the 
opportunity of being acquainted with divers worthy 
persons, inquisitive into natural philosophy, and 
other parts of human learning ; and particularly of 



104 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

what hatli been called the new philosophy, or ex- 
perimental philosophy... Our business was... to dis- 
course and consider of philosophical enquiries, and 
such as related thereunto ; as physic, anatomy, 
geometry, astronomy, navigation, statics, magnetics, 
chymics, mechanics and natural experiments... "We 
there discoursed of the circulation of the blood, the 
valves in the veins, the vense lactese, the lymphatic 
vessels, the Copernican hypothesis, . . . and divers 
other things of like nature. Some of which were 
then but new discoveries, and others not so generally 
known and embraced as now they are, with other 
things appertaining to what hath been called the 
new philosophy; which from the times of Galileo 
at Florence, and Sir Francis Bacon (Lord Yerulam) 
in England, hath been much cultivated in Italy, 
France, Germany and other parts abroad as well as 
with us in England." — Ihid. clxi. seq. Duport was 
a vigorous opponent of the new philosophy. See 
his Musce Suhsec. 47, 168, 315 seq., 318. Barrow 
was as vigorous on the other side. See his Opusc. 87, 
128, 141 seq., 156 seq. Also the account of the 
latitudinarians by S. P. (Patrick?) in the Phenix, 
ii. 508. So Glanvill in all his works : see his Phi- 
losophia Pia, London, 167 1, c. vii. s. 4, an answer 
to the charge "that philosophy, viz. that which is 
called the new, teacheth doctrines that are con- 
trary to the word of God, ... as for instance, that 
the earth moves, and that the moon is of a terres- 
trial nature, and habitable." Also his Further Disc, 
15 : "I style them 'fountains of learning,^ hut tell 



APPENDIX. 105 

not wlmt those words import ; you ask me, whether 
it was not because the new philosophy was so much 
promoted and the Royal Society as it were emhryo- 
nated there ? I thought there had not been need of 
my explaining what I meant by learning, when I 
styled the universities the fountains of it. For your 
satisfaction, scrupulous sir, I tell you now, that I 
meant moral philosophy, anatomy, mathematics, 
languages, history and divinity, of all which parts 
of learning there are public professors there, and all 
which are studied by many worthy members of 
those venerable bodies, which from time to time 
have and do send abroad men famous in those use- 
ful sorts of knowledge. These studies I esteem as 
I ought, and honour the universities highly on the 
account of the advantages they afford for the attain- 
ment of those profitable and excellent kinds of 
learning. As for the natural philosophy and meta- 
physics, my thoughts of them, I confess, are differ- 
ent j but yet I say they are not to be thrown off. 
— [Letter cone. Arist. p. 2.]" On the other hand 
Meric Casaubon [Letter to Peter du Moulin, Cam- 
bridge, printed for William Morden, bookseller, 
1669, 4to.) stoutly vindicates the authority of Aris- 
totle. 

p. 22, n. 2. Owen's Epigr. i. 62, 142, 164, iv. 71, 
72, V. 90. 

p. 23, n. 3. Hoc vanvixn. fosci. MS. 

p. 25, n. 2. Luke Milbourn (Cal. Gont 861) also 
kept Jan. 30 as a fast. " The universities we give 
up for lost," says Bancroft (in a letter dated Feb. 
10, 164!. Gary's Mem. ii. 118). 



106 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

Ibid, ad fin. The Vindication was composed by 
Corn. Burgess, and is reprinted by Calamy {Gontin, 

737)- 

p. 28, 1. 3. tutor, A travelling tutor seems to 

have received but a scanty salary in these times. 
"For T. Holdsworth's travel, I know not what to 
think : were there hopes of times being better, I 
would be loath he should accept it ; and as they are, 
not before he were master of arts and a good as- 
surance of keeping conditions : and yet I think £20 
a short allowance." — R. Holdsworth to Sancrofb, 
Nov. 13, 1647. Gary's Memorials, i. 359. 

p. 31, 1. 9. Read vividissections. 

Ibid, n. 2. "Quin et oculos auriculis succentu- 
riatos, ac duci rationi comitem adjungitis experien- 
tiam. Quando enim, obsecro, a condita Academia 
in tot canum, piscium, volucrumque neces ac lanienas 
sanguinolenta curiositas sseviit, quo vobis partium 
constitutio et usus in animalibiis innotesceret ? O 
innocentissimam crudelitatem, et feritatem facile 
excusandam! Quid plentarum historiam dicam, 
etiam a neophyfcis vestris sedulo exploratam? qui 
vixdum ipsi in Musarum viretis radices egerunt, 
antequam plantarum omnium, qusecunque aut in 
agrorum liberis spatiis, aut intra hortorum septa 
adolescunt, et vultus dignoscere, et nomina recensere 
possint." — Barrow's Opusc, 128, 129. He goes on to 
speak of the zealous study of chemistry, and of 
moral philosophy, specifying Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, 
Plutarch, Plotinus, Epictetus and Seneca. 

Ibid. n. 3. "Whether Galen had any knowledge 
of the vence lactem and the like, I know not." — 



APPENDIX. 107 

Meric Casaubon, 1. c. 28. "The discoveries of the 
circulation* of the blood, of the vence lactece, &c." — 
Seth Ward, 35. 

p. 32, n. I. "His next scandal is at the humming 
and hissing of hoys, rather like geese than bees, &c." 
"Indeed, sir, the boys are to be chidden, yet I must 
needs tell M. Webster that all are not bees that 
buzz, and it appears their hissing hath been his 
great vexation, but that he was never troubled with 
their humming." — Seth Ward, 41. 

p. 33, 1. 6. denied him : denied of him, MS. 

Ibid. 1. II. loss of: loss, MS. 

p. 34, 1. II. near twenty-three. 20 man. prim. 

p. 37, n. I. Calamy {Cont. 861) states that Luke 
Milbourn was ordained by the bishop of Ely during 
the civil wars : but Baker in a MS. note remarks 
that that bishop was then a prisoner. 

p. 42, n. I. ^' The Annotations on the New 
Testament by Matthew Robinson were formerly in 
the possession of the Rev. IS". J. Hollingsworth, 
rector of Boldon. The book was purchased at the 
sale of his library by Mr. Charnley, bookseller, in 
this town. There were only the two volumes on the 
New Testament." " William Dodd " of I^Tewcastle, 
in Notes and Queries (March 8, 1856), 200. George 
Grey, Robinson's great-nephew, notes in his diary, 
April 1705, " I got uncle Matthew Robinson's 
Annotations on Old Testament bound in 3 volumes 
in velen, and the Gospels, Acts and Romans in 
another volume." — Surtees' Hist, of Durham, ii. 16. 

Ibid. Hospital. The following account of 



108 LIFE OF M. ROBIIiSOK 

Robinson's foundation is from the reports of the 
Charity Commission (iv. 403, 404). 

" Burneston. School and Almshouse. By in- 
dentures of lease and release^ dated 13th and 14th 
August 1688, wherein it is recited, that Matthew 
Robinson had lately erected a messuage in Burnes- 
ton, and had placed therein a master for a free 
grammar school for the parish of Burneston, and 
one other for teaching English scholars, free for the 
said parish, and five poor men and women to be 
hospitalers within the said almshouse, the said 
Matthew Bobinson conveyed a certain messuage 
and farm, situate in Scabbed Newton, in the 
county of York, containing 190 acres, or there- 
abouts, to George Grey and his heirs, upon trust, 
out of the rents and profits thereof to pay to the 
vicar of Burneston for the time being, and certain 
other persons therein named, so long as they should 
continue inhabitants of Burneston, the sum of 
£43. 5s. by half-yearly payments, to the intent that 
the same might be distributed as follows ; viz. £16 
a year to the chief master of the grammar school, 
above other perquisites appointed to him ; 95. 
monthly to the usher or almsmaster, besides other 
perquisites ; 6s. to each of the five almspeople 
monthly, and 55. to each of them for buying coals, 
to be paid at Midsummer, and £2, 55. to be bestowed 
in purple shag for the clothing of the ^yq alms- 
people and almsmasters, with gowns at Christmas, 
and also 6s. to be given them every year towards 
an anniversary dinner on St. Matthew's day. 



APFENDIX. 109 

" The premises contained in the above indenture 
became afterwards vested in Zachary and Matthew- 
Grey, who by indenture bearing date 24th June 
1 71 2, covenanted with Thomas Harrison, Joseph 
Kobinson, then vicar of Burneston, and seven other 
persons therein mentioned, and their successors in 
the said trust and charity, that they should receive 
and enjoy the said rent and sums of money at the 
times appointed by the above indenture of release 
of the 14th August 1688. 

" We have not been able to discover any deed 
or writing relating to the premises of a date subse- 
quent to the indenture of 17 12. 

" The estate conveyed by the indentures of 
1688 is now the property of the Earl of Darlington, 
and the rent-charge of £43. 55. is regularly paid in 
respect thereof. 

" The other property belonging to this institu- 
tion consists of an estate at Carthorpe, in this 
parish, containing 12 A. and 311. which was pur- 
chased in separate parcels with monies arising from 
gifts and legacies, and the voluntary contributions 
of the inhabitants, and conveyed to the trustees of 
the hospital by several indentures of bargain and 
sale, enrolled and dated respectively i6th April 
1795, 15th April 1807, 25th November 1818; there 
remains, however, a small balance of £87 still due 
from the trustees upon the purchase in 18 18. 

*^ The land is now in the occupation of George 
Manners, Edward Wood, and Joseph Wright, as 
yearly tenants of the several parcels, at rents 



110 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

amounting together to ^£24. 95. per annum, being 
the full annual value thereof. 

" The total revenue of this charitable institu- 
tion amounts at present to .£67. 145. per annum ; the 
rent-charge of .£43. 55. is applied according to the 
directions of the founder, in manner following : — 



Salary to the schoolmaster - 
Do. to the almsmaster 
Do. to the other five almspeople, 
each ^£3. 125. - 
To six gowns - - - - 
To coals to ^^e almspeople - 
To feast ----- 
To rent, being an acknowledgment 
for the land given to erect the 
hospital upon - - - - 



Out of the rent of the estate at 
Carthorpe there is paid to each 
of the five almspeople the sum 
of £2, 145. a year - - - 13 10 o 

56 15 o 



£. 


s. 


d. 


16 








5 


8 





18 








2 


5 





I 


5 








6 








I 





43 


5 






And the remainder of the rent of the land at Car- 
thorpe is at present applied towards the liquidation 
of the debt before-mentioned. 

" The school and hospital are under the same 
roof, and contain apartments for the master and the 
six almspeople, one for each, besides a room, which 



APPENDIX. Ill 

is used for the school-room. There is a small garden 
adjoining, which the almspeople occupy amongst 
themselves. 

" The premises are in good repair, and are kept 
so out of the profits which accrue during vacancies 
in the number of the inmates. 

*^ The master and six almspeople are appointed 
by the trustees from among poor parishioners of 
Burneston, a preference being shewn to those who 
have not received any parochial relief The master 
is required by the trustees, in consideration of his 
salary of £i6 a year, to teach 17 children, boys and 
girls, of Burneston, in writing and arithmetic 
gratis, which duty he performs. He is qualified 
and ready to teach grammar to any of the children 
whose parents may desire it. The almsmaster or 
usher, who is also the parish clerk, instructs as 
many of the children of the parish, as are sent by 
their parents, in reading; but, besides his stipend 
of £5. 85. he is allowed by the trustees to receive 
from the parents a quarterly payment of 2s. for 
each child, with other occasional contributions, from 
the parishioners." 

Mr. Samuel Hulm was the first master. " 1687, 
May. I was admitted to the Latin school at 
Burniston, under Mr. Samuel Hulm. ... 1691, July. 
Mr. Hulm going to Cambridge to take his degree of 
Master of Arts, I went to Bipley all that time. . . . 
1693. In August I went to Eipley to visit uncle 
Bobinson. ... I was then learning Terence and 
Greek Testament. 



112 LIFE OF M, R0BIN80N, 

" October. My schoolmaster got preferment in 
Essex, and left Burniston school, which was a great 
misfortune to me. January 13. Mr. Lindsey made 
master, but he was not equal to Mr. Hulm in his 
way of teaching." George Grey's Diary in Surtees' 
Hist of Durh. ii. 15. 

p. 45, 1. 2. twenty-eight : 26, man. prim. 

p. 46, n. I. See Bury's England's bane, or the 
deadly danger of drunkenness, 1681 ; and a paper in 
Collier's Essays, vol. iii. 

p. 50, 1. 3. a : om. MS. 

p. 55, n. I. And Dr. Bryan's (Calamy, Ace. 736). 

p. 56, 1. 9. servants. So Thomas Hill (Calamy, 
Cont. 855) had been a domestic to the earl of Ches- 
terfield before he went to the university. 

p. 58, 1. 2. plate. Mr. Ward gives the following 
account of this plate. 

Church Plate at Burneston, co. York. 

A chalice of silver, inscribed, *' Ex dono . . . Janae Robin- 
son viduise in usum Eccles* de Burn st on." (sic.) 

A. chalice of silver, inscribed, " To wottjplop t7]S euXo7tas 
6 evKoyovjULep. I Cor. 10, 16." 

A paten of silver, inscribed, '^ Ex dono Mat. Robinson, 
AM. vie. de Burneston, 1677." 

2 pewter flagons engraved with arms — 3 lions erased at 
the loins: Qy Harrison? impaling 3 pheons, on a chief, a 
greyhound. 

2 pewter patens. 

A large pewter alms dish : in the centre an umbo rising 
to the height of the broad edge with a deep channel between : 
on the top of the umbo is soldered a beautiful gold enamel 
representing the coat armour of Charles I. 



APPENDIX. 113 

Bumeston churcli is dedicated to St. Lambert, and Leem- 
ing chapel to St. J ohn the Baptist. Besides Leeming there 
are the hamlets of Carthorpe, GateDby, Theakston, Exilby, 
and Newton. 

Bumeston church has been restored within the last three 
years; and, together with the churchyard, is quite a model 
for a country parish. 

The Free Grammar School has been put in union with the 
National Society, and excellent school buildings erected dis- 
tinct from the Hospital : so that there is room now for all the 
parish children, of whom, as heretofore, 17 are instructed on 
the foundation endowment. This yields £16 per ann. to the 
Master. 

The Hospital is for 6 pensioners, who receive 105. 6d, a 
month each, and have other perquisites under the same en- 
dowment as the school, which is a rent-charge on certain 
lands at Newton belonging at present to the Duchess Dowr. 
of Cleveland, whose tenant pays the proceeds monthly. 

p. 58, n. 2. A Treatise of Faith, John Hichard 
Dalbran, Esq., of Fall Croft, Ripon, lias '- a fine 
copy of his treatise of faith with a long MS. intro- 
duction in his own hand-writing addressed to a 
neighbouring rector, Mr. Tatham of Kirklington. 
I have seen also (continues JVIr. Dalbran) and 
perused with great pleasure the volume of Rules 
and Instructions for the government of his hospital 
and school at Bui*neston, where his portrait and 
that of his wife were to be seen some years ago, 
but I am told are now destroyed." 

p. 59, 1. 10. barred. This word is very difficult 
to decipher; but levelled, as a friend suggests, seems 
to be intended. 

p. 60, 1. 10. 60^, Perhaps d'^, 

p. 62, 1. I. Chose: shee choze, MS. 

8 



114 LIFE OF M, EOBINSOF, 

p. 65, n. 2. " July 20, 1647. He married 
Frances the daugliter of Thomas Robinson of 
Rookby Park, Esq. ; she was sister to Mr. Matthew 
Kobinson, Yicar of Burniston." Diary of Geo. 
Grey (Robinson's great-nephew) in Surtees' Hist of 
Durham, ii. 14. " George Grey my father was bom 
at Southwic, Feb. 28, 1651. He was educated at 
Brignal school, under Mr. Johnson, an excellent 
schoolmaster. 1666. He was admitted of Trinity 
College, Cambridge, under Dr. Gale ; he was then 
but fourteen years old. Sept. 10, 1675, married to 
Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Zachary Cawdry, Rec- 
tor of Barthomly in Cheshire. . . . 1676. Sept. 24. He 
was ordained deacon. 1677. Sept. 23. ordained priest, 

and presented to the living of Lawton in Cheshire 

1682. Sept. Uncle Matthew Robinson surrendered 
Burniston living, and my father was presented to 
it, instituted 26 Sept. . . .Feb. 25. He bought my 
uncle's library and manuscripts." — Ihid. 15. 

p. 67, 1. II. Fifths. Walker (i. 99) has printed 
extracts from the ordinances by which the seques- 
trators were empowered ' if it be desired,' to set 
apart a portion (not exceeding a fifth) of goods and 
estates seized for the use of the wives and children 
of ^ delinquents.' These ordinances may be seen in 
Scobell's Collection of Acts and Ordinances, i. 51 
(Aug. 19, 1643), ii- 344 (Aug. 29, 1654), 511 (cap. 29, 
1656). By this last act the indulgence was denied 
to any who was " seized of to his own use, or others 
in trust for him or his wife, of the real estate of 
thirty pounds per annum, or possessed of a personal 



APPENDIX. 115 

estate to the value of five hundred pounds," or who 
should reside in his former parish. The ordinance 
of Jan. 22, 1 64 J " for regulating the university of 
Cambridge, and for removing of scandalous ministers 
in the seven associated counties" is printed from 
Husband's Collection by Mr. Cooper {Annals, iii. 
369). See too Calamy's Abridgement, 488. Fuller 
touches upon the then delicate question with even 
more than his usual wit and wisdom in his Church 
History, Bk. xi. sect. 11, §§ 35 seq., where after re- 
counting various pleas on which payment was 
evaded he adds (§ 42) : " Many more are their 
subterfuges, besides vexing their wives with the 
tedious attendance to get orders on orders ; so that 
as one truly and sadly said, the fifths are even paid 
at sixes and sevens." 

p. 70, 1. 6 from foot. He: and MS. 

H)id. n. 2. See Fuller's Church Hist. vi. 83 — 
85, Worthies (8vo.), i. 239. 

p. 73, n. I. Nonconformists admitted to Church 
2)ulpits. See instances in Calamy, Ace. 792, 817. 

p. 74, n. 3. " Those things which he termed 
tolerahiles ineptias, englished by some ^ tolerable 
fooleries j ' more mildly by others ' tolerable unfit- 
nesses.' In requital whereof bishop Williams was 
wont to say, that master Calvin had his tolerahiles 
morositates.'' Fuller's Church Hist. iv. 20 (Brewer). 
The sneer was too good to be lost sight of by 
Smectymnuus {An Answer to a Booke entitvled, An 
Hvmhle Remonstrance, &c. London, 4to, 1641, p. 6): 
*' As for other translations and the great applause it 

8—2 



IIG LIFE OF M. ROBINSOF. 

hath obtained from foreign divines, which are the 
fumes this Eemonstrant venditates ; what late days 
have produced we know not, but the great lights of 
former ages have been far from this applauding : we 
are sure judicious Calvin saith, that in the Liturgy- 
there are sundry tolerahiles ineptice, which we think 
is no very great applause." C£ Hall's Defence of 
the humble Remonstrance, Works (ed. Pratt), ix. 647. 

p. 76, 1. penult. Knaresborough Spas: Naze- 
borough Spaws. MS. 

p. 78, 1. 13. Calamy (^Acc. 722) records a similar 
instance of fortitude : " His [S. Jones'] patience 
was also exemplary under very severe bodily ex- 
ercises, especially from tormenting paroxysms of 
the stone in the bladder, which afflicted him 
generally once in a fortnight, for several years 
before his death. His periodical fits were violent, 
and continued some days before they abated : and 
yet he went on in his ministerial service, and very 
rarely intermitted his work, though the sharpness 
of his pains extorted tears and deep groans from 
him, which occasioned frequent and affecting pauses 
in his sermons." 

p. 81. §62. "1694, IsTov. 19. He [the writer's 
father, Kobinson's nephew Geo. Grey] went to 
E,ipley, and settled all accounts with uncle Matthew 
Eobinson, who died eight days after of a lethargy, 
and was buried Nov. 30, at Burniston." Geo. Grey's 
Diary in Surtees' History of Durham, ii. 15. The 
inscription on the monument gives a wrong date of 
the year. 



INDEX OF CAMBRIDGE NAMES. 

[The following facts and documents relating to 
Cambridge men, whose names occur in the life, have 
not, I believe, been before collected. These notices 
are designed to be supplemental to, and not to 
supersede, previous biographies, where they exist.] 

John Arrowsmith [extracted from Baker's MS. 
history of St. John's, excepting the passages in- 
closed in crotchets]. 

" John Arrowsmith, de facto twentieth master, 
admitted April ii, 1644. 

Dr. Beale being most injuriously^ ejected, one 
John Arrowsmith, B.D. was thrust into his place 
by the earl of Manchester in the following manner^: 

April II, 1644 the Bt. Hon. Edward earl of 
Manchester in pursuit of an ordinance of parlia- 
ment for regulating and reforming the university of 
Cambridge came in person into the chapel of St. 
John's college, and did in the presence of all the 

1 '^ By the earl of Manchester in pursuance of an ordi- 
nance of parliament." 

2 ^'Kegr. coll. Jo." 



118 LIFE OF M. EOBIFSOJ^. 

fellows then resident declare and publish Mr. John 
Arrowsmith to be constituted master of the said 
college, in room of Dr. Beale now justly and law- 
fully ejected, requiring him then present to take 
upon him the said place, and did put him into the 
master's seat or stall within the said chapel, and 
did likewise straitly charge all and every the 
fellows, &c. to acknowledge him to be actually 
master of the college, and sufficiently authorised to 
execute the said office, notwithstanding he be not 
elected nor admitted according to the ordinary 
course prescribed by the statutes ; in this time of 
distraction there beiug a necessity of reforming as 
well the statutes themselves as the members of the 
college ; — and commanded this declaration and act 
of his lordship to be entered in the leiger books of 
acts of the said college, to remain on record for per- 
petual memory. 

Accordingly it is entered in the leiger book of 
acts of the said college and stands recorded to per- 
petual memory. That lord has all the right done 
him he desired, and has taken effectual care that he 
shall be always remembered, though he lived to do 
right in a different manner, by restoring^ some 
fellows (being then chancellor) that had been un- 
lawfully ejected. 

Upon his admission Mr. Arrowsmith, being re- 
quired to take an oath or make a solemn declara- 
tion^, did there " solemnly promise, in the presence 

"An. 1660. July 10. Regr. CoU." 2 ^^Regr. Coll." 



APPENDIX, 119 

of Almighty God, the Searcher of all hearts, that, 
being called and constituted by the earl of Man- 
chester, in pursuance of an ordinance of parliament, 
with the approbation of the assembly of divines at 
Westminster, to be master of the college, he would 
during the time of his continuance in that charge, 
faithfully labour to promote piety and learning in 
himself, the fellows, scholars and students belonging 
to the college, agreeably to the late solemn national 
league and covenant by him sworn and subscribed, 
with respect to all the good and wholesome statutes 
of the said college and university, correspondent to 
the covenant, and by all means would procure the 
good welfare and perfect reformation both of the 
college and university so far as to him appertained." 
And ha^dng done this, he took his place in chapel 
and lodgings in the college, without observing the 
usual forms required by statute, then thought fit to 
be regulated and reformed. 

The same oath or promise, mutatis mutandis, 
seems to have been required of the present fellows 
(for it was taken by their successors) and seems to 
have been what was meant by the oath of discovery, 
for by the general clause, of procuring reformation 
hy all means, they might oblige them to make such 
discoveries as were necessary thereunto. Which, 
with the covenant, not being of easy digestion, 
several of the fellows were ejected, beginning with 
the seniors Mr. Thornton, Bodurda, Tirwhit and 
Blechden, men of good worth j and others of less 
name and character were brought into their places, 



120 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

such, as could digest the covenant and would pro- 
mote such a reformation as was intended. Either 
this was the oath of discovery, or, I believe, none 
such tendered ; for Mr. Ash my lord of Manchester's 
chaplain, who was deepest in these designs, being 
wrote to about it^, disowns any such oath in termi- 
nis, and I know of none other like it in either 
university. But hard things are usually marked 
and branded with harder expressions, and the suf- 
ferers might give it a name that was not meant by 
the imposers. 

Before this reformation in the members of the 
society the walls and house itself was regulated and 
reformed, as a preparation to that which followed^. 
All the decent furniture in the chapel was now 
removed, organs and pictures &c. were taken down, 
and so much is placed to account in the books for 
whited walls, and so much for closing up Fisher's 
and Ashton's sepulchres, now again, one or both of 
them, turned into apartments, and the dead and 
living were lodged together. The cross upon the 
tower was likewise removed, and the statue or 
image over the gate, towards the street, was taken 
down, and St. John was banished once more to 
Patmos, with good providence, as it happened, for 
had it not been timely and seasonably displaced 
from its niche ^, it might probably have been thrown 
down afterwards in a ruder manner, to prevent 
idolatry, that was then the only sin we were afraid 

1 ^'Fuller, i68," 2 *^Lib. Thesaur." 



APPEFDIX. 121 

of. But most of this, as I said, happened some 
time before the master's accession to the govern- 
ment, and it is not to be placed to his account. 

For some time the sequestrators had possession 
of the lodge, and having polluted it (as they had 
done the chapel) so much is placed to account^ for 
sweeping and washing it, after it had been quitted 
by that sort of vermin. 

As to Dr. Arrowsmith, his government having 
been almost a continued usurpation, the greatest 
light I can do him is to pass it over. He was 
removed to Trinity about May an. 1653, where he 
died on Tuesday before Lent an. 165I, and was 
buried in their chapel^ Febr. 24 the same year. 

He was born at Gateshead (near I^ewcastle 
upon Tyne) in the county of Durham on the same 
day and year with Dr. Lightfoot^, being March 29 
an. 1602 ; was originally of St. John's, admitted 
scholar of the foundation* of Mr. Ashton Nov. 3, 
1 61 8, afterwards fellow of Cath. HalP, preacher at 

1 *^Lib. thesaur. an. 1643—4." 

2 "Regr. Eccl. omn. Sanct. MS. d. M." [Cf. Baker's 
note in Wood's Aihen. iii. 968.] 

3 *'Dr Lightfoot's Life." [Lightfoot was bom at or near 
Newcastle under Line. 1. 1.] 

^ *'Ego Jo. Arrowsmith Dunelm. admissus discipulus pro 
doctore Ashton, Nov. 3. an. 1618. Keg. CoU. Art. Bac. Coll. 
Jo. an. 16 19 (16 j^). An. 1630, John Arrowsmith, elected 
one of the university preachers, does (ex animo) subscribe the 
three articles as required. E-egr. Acad." 

^ [He owed his fellowship at Katharine to Goodwin. See 
Goodwin's Life.'] 



122 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

Lynn^ and at St. Martin's Ironmonger Lane, and 
one of the assembly of divines, [also one of the 
triers, and (with Tuckney and Newcomen) au- 
thor of the Assembly s Catechism (Calamy, Account, 
294)] at Westminster. He commenced B.D. an. 
1633, D.D. an. 164^ Januar. 13, being vicechancellor 
the same year, and a grace ^ then passed the house 
for deferring his exercise till the year after his vice- 
chancellorship was over. October 4, 1651 he was 
elected regius professor in divinity^ upon the death 
of Dr. Collins, who had held^ that post during his 
life for want of a man of equal worth to fill his 
room, and Oct. 6 he was presented to the rectory* 
of Somersham according to the purport of the let- 
ters patent of king James of blessed memory, as they 
are pleased to style him, a respect that might have 
been better expressed in their gratitude to his son^. 

1 [In 1 63 1 he maiTied and removed to Lynn, where he 
remained ten or twelve years, first as curate, then as minister, 
of St Nicolas' Church. See Salter's Preface to Eight Letters 
of Drs. Tuckney and Whichcote, xxxi, xxxii.] 

2 '' Regr. Acad." 

3 [*' On the resignation of Dr. Arrowsmith, made Jan. 10, 
1655, Dr. Tuckney was elected regius professor Feb. i, 1655.'* 
Baker in Kennett's Register and Chronicle^ 935 and MS. 
notes on Calamy Account, 78, and in Wood's Athence, iv. 142, 
''ex originali sub sigillo." In a letter dated Imman. Coll. 
Sept. 6. 165 1, an account is given of Arrowsmith's probation 
lecture. Cary's Memor, ii. 371.] 

^ " I have the original order for his ejectment." 
5 " Eegr. Acad." 

^ [He seems to have been blind of one eye : * ' So that 
learning now is so much advanced, as Arrowsmith's glass eye 



APPENDIX. 123 

He has left two books ^ in print, his Tactica 



sees more than his natural." [Birkenliead's] The Assembly 
Man [t68i], 9.] 

1 '* With three or four sermons, the first before the house 
of commons at a fast, Jan. 25. 1643 under this title : The 
Covenant-avenging Sword brandished, being then preacher of 
the Gospel at Lynn Norf. Also an Exposition upon the first 
eighteen verses of the first chapter of St John." [Qedudpuiros ; 
or, God-Man : being an exposition Upon the first Eighteen 
verses of the first chapter of the Gospel according to St John. 
Wherein, is most Accurately and Divinely handled, the Divi- 
nity and Humanity of Jesus Christ ; proving him to be God 
and Man, Coequall and Coeternall with the Father : To the 
confutation of severall Heresies both Ancient and Modem. 
By that Eminently Learned and Reverend Divine, JOHN 
ARROWSMITH, D.D. Late Master of Trinity- Colledge in 
Cambridge, and Professor of Divinity there. The Lord pos- 
sessed me in the beginning of his way, before the works of old. 
1 was set up from everlasting, from the beginning, or ever the 
earth was. Prov. 8. 22, 23. Quid est Deus? Mens universi. 
Quid est Deus ? Quod vides, totum, et quod non vides, totum. 
Sic deraum Magnitudo sua illi redditur, quia nihil majus ex- 
cogitari potest. Si solus est omnia, opus suum et extra, et 
intra tenet, Seneca. London, Printed for Humphrey Moseley, 
and William Wilson, and are to be sold at the Pmnce's Armes 
in St PauVs Church- yard, and in Well-yard, neer St Bartho- 
lomew's Hospitall. 1660. The copy in St. John's Library has 
this note in Baker's hand : ' * Jo. Arrowsmith Prsefectus Coll. 
Jo., nuUo tamen justo titulo. Scripsit duos alios Libellos, 
AngHce unum, alterum Latine, BibHothecse prius donates. 
Hunc (ne deesset) lego CoU. T. B." The book is in 4to, pp. 
312. Our Cambridge Library has three of Arrowsmith's 
sermons: '*The Covenant- Avenging Sword brandished : 
IN A Sermon, before the Honorable House of COMMONS, 
At their late solemne Fast, Jan. 25. By John Arrowsmith, 



124 LIFE OF M. ROBINSOK 
Sacra^ and Chain of Principles^ : books that I have 



B.D. Preacher of the Gospel at Eing's-Linne in Norfolke, 
Published hy Order of that House. Matth. io. 34. / came 
not to send Peace, hut a Sword. Pacem habere debet voluntas, 
Bellum necessitas. August. LONDON: Printed for Samuel 
Man, dwelling at the signe of the Swann in Pauls Church- 
yard. 1643." 4to, pp. 4 and 28. This sermon has the advan- 
tage of being shorter than many of its fellows, but it is not 
behind them in fury, though professedly advocating peace : 
e. g. ''This vineyard whereof God hath made you keeper's, 
cannot but see that nothing is wanting on your part. For you 
have endeavoured to fence it by a settled militia, to gather 
out malignants as stones ; to plant it with men of piety and 
trust as choice vines; to build the tower of a powerful ministry 
in the midst of it ; and also to make a wine-press therein for 
the squeezing of delinquents." Dedication init. '' Believe it, 
believe it, there is no fiend to the white Devil, no Atheist to 
the Church Papist ; no Recusant to him with the Protestant 
face, that hath learnt from the new masters to swallow the 
oaths : so a serpent (they say) having swallowed a serpent 
becomes a dragon." Page 11. A second sermon is entitled: 
"England's Eben-ezer or Stone of Help. Set up in 
thankfull acknowledgment of the Lords having helped us 
hitherto. More especially, For a memoriall of that help, which 
the Parliaments Forces lately received at Shreivsbury, Wey- 
mouth, and elsewhere. In a sermon Preached to both the 
Honorable Houses of Parliament, (the Lord Major and 
Aldermen of the Citie of London, being present) at Christ- 
Church London, upon the late solemne day of Thanksgiving : 
March 12. By John Arrowsmith, B.D. Published by Order 
of both Houses. Hos. 13. 11. O Israel ... help. 2 Chron, 
14. II. Lord . . . against thee. London, Printed by Kobert 
Leyburn for Samuel Man, dwelHng in Pauls Church-yard, 
at the signe of the Swan. 1645." 4to, pp. 2 and 34. In the 
dedication is a strange account of the universities: ''And 



APPENDIX, 12d 

often seen, but never read, and therefore must not 

whereas one of the breasts of our common Mother hath been 
dried up of late, or rather yielded much blood instead of milk ; 
you have already made some, and (we hope) are about to 
make further provision for the other, lest the coal which is left 
us he quenched J as the woman of Tekoah said to David : lest 
Cambridge become as a cottage in a vineyard ^ as a lodge in "a 
garden of cucumbers." A third sermon is entitled : ^' A great 
Wonder in Heaven : ok, a lively Picture of the Militant 
Church, drawn by a divine Pencill. Eevel. 12. i, 2. Dis- 
coursed on in a sermon Preached before the Honourable 
House of Commons, at Margarets Westminster on the last 
Monethly Fast-day, January 27. 164^. By John Arrow- 
smith, B.D. John 16. 20, 21. Ye shall. . .world. LONDON: 
Printed by R. L. for Samuel Man dwelling at the Swan in 
Pauls Church-yard, 1647." 4*^^ PP- '^ and 4 4. J 

1 [" Tactica Sacra, Sive de milite Spirituali Pugnante, 
Vincente, et Triumphante Dissertatio, Trihus Libris com- 
prehensaj Per JOANNEM ARROWSMITH, Doctorem, et 
Exprofessorem S. Theologise, Praefectum CoUegii Sanctse et 
Individuse Trinitatis, quod est Cantabrigice. Accesseinint 
Ejusdem ORATIONES aliquot Anti-Weigeliance, Et pro Re- 
formatis Academiis Apologeticce, quas ibidem e Cathedra nuper 
habuit in Magnis Comitiis. CANTABRIGIJS, Excudebat 
Joannes Field, celeberrimse Academiae TypogTaphus, Anno 
Dom. MDCLVii. Impensis Joannis Rothivell Bibliopolae, apud 
quem prostant Londini, infra plateam quae vulgb dicitur 
(EijtS^^itSty ad Signum Fontis in Aurifabrorum vicinia." 
4to, pp. 6, 367, and 26. Dedicated to the vicemaster, fellows 
and scholars of Trinity, ' * ad supplendum utcunque deside- 
rium sacrarum concionum, quas illic intra privates Sacelli 
parietes habuisse animus erat, modo per valetudinem licuisset." 
Our Johnian copy (Qq. 6. 8.) has the note : '' Me sibi vendi- 
cat Bibliotheca Johannensis ex dono Authoris."] 

3 ["Armilla Catechetica. a Chain of Principles; 
Or, An orderly concatenation of Theological Aphorismes and 



126 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

pretend to make a judgement of them. But of the 
Chain the editors, two heads of houses^, give this 
account : " That sublimity of notions with sobriety 
of spirit, variety of reading with accurateness of 
composure, sweetness of wit with savouriness of 
heart do seem to be linked together in so rare and 
happy a conjunction, as which makes this chain of 
principles to be a chain of pearls." If this character 
will recommend it to the reader, I am not unwilling 
it should be read. His Tactica Sacra published 
by himself he has left to the college, which is 
all I know of his benefactions, nor were they to 
be expected from a married man and father of 
children, that was neither long preferred nor long 
lived. 

Allowing for the iniquity of the times and 



Exerciiations ; Wherein, The Chief Heads of Christian Reli- 
gion are asserted and improved: By John Arrowsmith, D.D. 
Late Master both of St Johns and Trinity -Colledge succes- 
sively, and Regius Professor of Divinity in the University of 
Cambridge. Published since his Death according to his own 
Manuscript allowed by Himself in his lifetime under his own 
hand. — Ecclesiastes 12. 9, 10, 11. Because the Preacher. . . 
hy one Pastor. — Cambridge : Printed by John Fieldy Printer 
to the University 1659. And are to be sold at the signe of 
the Seven Stars in Fleet-street near S. Dunstans Church, Lon- 
don." 4to, pp. 29 and 490. Reprinted Edinb. 1822. 8vo. 
The copy of the original edition in St John's Library (Qq. 6. 
27) has the note: "Ex Dono Joh. Smelt in S. Theologia 
Bacc. et hujus Collegij Socij Senioris. Die i5to mensis 
Martij. 1659."] 

^ [Thomas Horton and William Dillingham.] 



APPENDIX, 127 

excepting the matter of Korah, lie was a good 
man, and died * under that opinion with the men of 
those times and of his own persuasion." 

[See notices of Arrowsmith in the Biographical 
Diet, of the Soc. D. XJ. K., and in Brook's Puritans, 
iii. 315—318]. 



^ ["His death/' says Henry Newcome, ''was a very 
great and real sadness to me, for the loss the university and 
church hath in it." — Autobiogr, i. 102. See a Latin poem 
addressed to him in John Hall's Poems, ed. 1646, 60. ''While 
at the university, he [John Machin] had the benefit of the 
excellent labours of Dr. Hill and Dr. Arrowsmith, under which 
he received such impressions of seriousness, as he retained to 
his dying day." — Calamy, Account^ 125. " Give me leave to 
superadd Dr. Arrowsmith, though not in that relation (of 
tutor) to me ; a later acquaintance indeed, but my friend of 
choice, a companion of my special deHght; whom in my 
former years I have acquainted with all my heart, I have told 
him all my thoughts ; and I have scarcely either spoken or 
thought better of a man ; in respect of the sweetness of his 
spirit and amiableness of his conversation." Whichcote to 
Tuckney (1651) in Eight Letters of Dr. Anthony Tuchney and 
Dr. Benjamin Whichcote, 7. Salter in his Preface to these 
letters (xxxi.) calls him a learned and able, but stiff and nar- 
row divine, who was alarmed, like Hill and Tuckney, by 
Whichcote's freedom. His Tactica sacra is a book "written 
in a clean style and with a lively fancy ; in which is displayed 
at once much weakness and stiffness, but withal great reading 
and a very amiable candour towards the persons and charac- 
ters of those from whom he found himself obliged to differ." — 
Ibid, xxxiv.] 



128 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 




Edward Bowles was the son of Oliver Bowles, 
once fellow of Queens' Coll., Cambridge ^ He was 

^ '' Oliverus Boules Huntingt. admissus sizator Coll. Re- 
gin. (Tutore Rud) Febr. 27, 1592. Regr. Ooll. Begin. Oliver 
Bowles Hunting, admissus socius Coll. Regin. Oct. xi. 1599. 
Ibid, Bowles Coll. Regin. Art. Mr. an. 1600." Baker's 
MS. note in a copy of Calamy's Account dhc. in St. John's 
Coll. Library. His work De Pastore Evangelico was published 
by his son. See too "Zeale for God's house quickned: 
OR, A Sermon Preached before the Assembly of Lords, Com- 
mons, and Divines at their solemn Fast, Jidy 7, 1643. ..By 
Oliver Bowles, Pastor oi Sutton in Bedfordshire.'^ London, 
4to. 1643. 1^^ ^ collection of sermons preached before the 
Long Parliament and the Assembly, now in the Cambridge 
Library (8. 23. i seq. which seems once to have belonged to 
Edward Bowles, whose autograph is in vol. 2). There is an 
account of Oliver Bowles in Brook's Puritans, iii. 466 seq. 
Oliver Bowles, Barry of Cotsmore, Rutland, and Julines 
Herring married three sisters, and when Herring, leaving for 
Holland, was necessitated secretly to take shipping at Yar- 
mouth, because the then archbishop had given order that no 
scholar nor minister should pass without license from the 
council-table, Bowles accompanied him. — Life of Herring, 
(Clark 1677) 166. The famous Dr. Preston was admitted into 
Queens' College, Cambridge, "under the tuition of Master 
Oliver Bowles, one of the fellows of that house, a very godly 
learned man and a noted and careful tutor." — Ball's Life of 
Preston in Clark's Lives of Divines (1677), 76. Ihid. 77 men- 
tion is made of his removal to the rectory of Sutton, Beds. 
Preston in turn was tutor to Oliver Bowles' son Samuel. 
"Sam. Bowles Bedford, admissus Pensionarius coll. Regin. 



APPENDIX, 129 

educated in Catli. HalP. Wlien known to Eobinson, 
lie was nonconformist minister of York, and confi- 
dential chaplain to Fairfax, which led to his being 
employed in the correspondence with Monk previous 
to the restoration I He was highly esteemed by 
Matthew Poole, by Tillotson, and by Stillingfleet. 
Besides the life in Calamy {Account, 2nd ed.), 
779^, cf Continuation 933, and Palmer's Noncon- 
formists^ Memorial, ii. 581, see some letters in the 
Fairfax Correspondence, Civil Wars, i. 168, 345, 354, 
ii. 169, 170 note. "Honest and judicious Mr. Ed- 
ward Bowles." Baxter's Life lib. i. pt. i. § 81. 
Calamy, who tells us (781) that he was very facetious 
in conversation, has preserved a sample of his hu- 
mour : " Among other pliable souls who strangely 
increased and multiplied upon that sudden change 

'there was one Mr. H r, who not long after 

his having begun to read the prayers was acciden- 
tally met by Mr. Bowles, who accosted him in this 

(Tutore Mro. Preston) Mar 28, 1621. Sam. Bowles Bedford, 
coll. Eman. socius circa an. 1635." — Bakek. 

1 " Edward Bowles Anl. Cath. Bac. of Arts an. 1632, when 
lie subscribes the three Articles, as required. Mr. of Arts 
1636. Subscribes again, Regr."" — Bakek, u. s. 

2 See Kennett's Compl. Hist, 2nd ed. iii. 234, Reg. and 
Chron. Index, Price's Mystery and Method of Ms Majesty's 
happy Restauration, Lond. 1680, 79, Appendix to Bradbury's 
EUdjv /3a<TiX. a restoration Sermon, 33, Drake's Ehoracum, 
534. 

3 '^Transcribing Mr. Bowles's Memoirs, altering some 
more rigid expressions, and making additions from MSS. &c., 
in my own possession." — Thoresby's Diary, Jan. 13, 1702. 

9 



130 LIFE OF M. ROBIJSfSON, 

manner : Well, brother H., how like you the Common- 
prayer ? — Truly, said Mr. H., its but dry stuff,— -I 
always thought so, said Mr. Bowles, and suppose 
that may be the reason why our vicars-choral run to 
the alehouse as soon as they have done reading''' 






Ralph Brownrig. Besides the accounts of this 
prelate in his Life by his successor, the sycophant 
Gauden, in the Biographia Britannica, and in Chal- 
mers, the following writers may be consulted, Bar- 
wick's Life (see Index), Carter's Cambridge, 205, 
Fuller's Worthies (8vo. ed.) i. 242, Lloyd's Mem, 634, 
Cooper's Annals of Cambridge, iii. 269, 389, Cary's 
Memorials, ii. 390, 391, 396, 414 (letters of B. to 
Bancroft). I add some notes to shew, i. his reputa- 
tion as a preacher; ii. his high character and influ- 
ence, alike with fierce royalists like Bancroft, and 
with nonconformists ; and end iii. with the papers re- 
lating to his appointment to the mastership of Cath. 
Hall. 

i. " So great was his care to keep himself close 
to the texts his lordship preached upon, that, in the 
composition of his sermons, his study and endea- 
vour was to bring matter out of the text (they were 
his own words) and not matter to the text, as is the 



APPENDIX. 131 

manner of too many of tlie great and popular Ser- 
mocinatouTS of these loose times." — Martyn's Pre- 
face to Ralph Brownrigs forty sermons, London, 
1661, fol. Compare Gauden's Memorials of Dr, 
Brounrig, London, 1660. sm. 8vo. 158, 186. "0 si 
te rostris iterum, Brounrigge, tonantem Fas andire 
mihi, fasque redire tibi ! Sternum silet ergo tuba 
hsec argentea? coelis Immo sonat; terris nee tiia 
scripta silent. Sermonum et monumenta sonant, 
cedentia nulli, Nee Sandersono forte, nee Androsio. 
Discant a tribus hisce Platonica turba loqiientum. 
Quid distet longis concio sacra logis." — Duport's 
Musce Subsec. 91. "But above all the bishop ad- 
mired that people should complain in those days for 
want of preaching, wherein lived Brownrig and 
Holdsworth and Micklethwaite and both the Shutes 
and infinite more, especially Josiah Shute whom the 
bishop ever termed generalis prcedicatorum.''' — Rack- 
et's Life xii. Ibid. xiii. Hacket is said to have given 
the first rank to "Brownrig's preaching, when he 
would put forth his utmost powers." "Dr. Ralph 
Brownrig, of most quick and solid parts, equally 
eminent for disputing and preaching." — ^ Fuller's 
Church Hist. (Brewer), vi. 236. Mr. Crossley, and 
few persons are so well qualified to express an 
opinion upon the matter, is much more sparing in 
his praise (Worthington's Diary, Chetham Soc, 
i. 6, n. 2). 

ii. " My lord of Exeter parted hence yesterday. 
He had been here some ten days in a course of 

9—2 



132 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

physic, rather preventive and anniversary, than 
from any present necessity. I was with him to 
take my leave of him, and he sent me away, as he 
used to do, fuller of hopes of a good issue of these 
troubles than I went thither." — W. Bancroft, writ- 
ing from Cambridge, May 4, 1646. (Gary's Memo- 
rials ^ i. 16). Geo. Hughes, Geo. Kendal, and Ed- 
ward Bagshawe, all afterwards ejected, were or- 
dained or instituted by him (Cal. Ace. 223, Cont. 260, 
Agc. 542), so that Calamy {Ace, 606) gives him the 
honorable testimony : " whose history and worth 
(says my author. Dr. Sampson....) is not fully pub- 
lished to the world, the more's the pity." 

iii. Baker's MS. xxvii. 46 seq. 

" Negotiuin electionis Magistri Aulce Cath. Cant 

Electio Magistri habita in Sacello Aulse S*"® Ca- 
tharinje Yirginis, die 6*° Julii, 1635. 

Ego Samuel Lynford Socius hujus Coll. sive 
Aulse eligo Venerandum Yirum Magistrum Kodol- 
phum Brownrigge, S. Theologise Professorem, per- 
petuum Custodem sive Magistrum Aulse sive Coll. 
S. Catharinse Yirginis infra Universitatem Canta- 
brigise. 

Ego Johannes Coulson Socius hujus Coll. sive 
Aulse eligo Yenerandum Yirum Magistrum Bodol- 
phum Brownrigge S.T.P. perpetuum Custodem sive 
Magistrum Aulse sive Coll. S. Cath. Yirginis infra 
Universitatem Cantabr. 

Ego Johannes Ellis Socius hujus Coll. sive Aulse 
eligo Yen. Yirum Magrum Bod. Brownrigge S.T.P. 



APPENDIX. 133 

perpetuum Custodem sive Magistrum Aulse sive 
Coll. St?e Cath. Yirginis infra Universitatem Can- 
tabr. 

Ego Gulielmus Spurstowe Socius hujus Coll. 
sive Aulse eligo Yen. Yirum Magrnm Rodolphum 
Brovmrigge S.T.P. perpetunm Magistrum Anise 
sive Coll. S. Catli. Yii*ginis infra Universitatem 
Cantabr. 

Ego Johannes Knowles Socius bujus Coll. sive 
Anise eligo Yenerandum Yirum Kod. Brownrigge 
S.T.P. perpetuum Magistrum Anise sive Coll. S. 
Catb. Yirginis infra Universitatem Cantabr. 

Ego Johannes Lothian hujus Coll. Socius eligo 
Yen. Yirum Magistrum Kod. BroT\Tierigge S.T.P. 
perpetuum Magistrum sive Custodem Anise sive 
Coll. S'* CatL Yirginis infra Universitatem Can- 
tabr. 

These are our Suffrages word for word, which 
were absolutely given, without any condition or 
limitation whatsoever. This we now testify under 
our hands, and are ready to depose the same, when 
we shall be lawfully required. 

John Lothian. John Ellis. 

John Knowles \ John Coulson. 

William Spurstowe. Samuel Lynfoed. 

Exhibita August 13, 1635. 



1 '^A.B. 162I, A.M. 1627/' Baker, MS. note on Cal. 
Ace. 605, where is a life of Knowles. In the next page 
Calamy thus describes a brother-feUow of Knowles'. '^He 



134 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON, 

Chaeles R. 

Trusty and wellbeloved. Whereas we are in- 
formed by the death of your late Master, the 
headship of your college to be now vacant : as also 
the intention and willingness of some of your fel- 
lows to choose Kobert Crichtone, your now orator, 
unto the said headship : we therefore will you by 
these presents to proceed to an election, and by 
our royal prerogative we dispense with all statutes 
which may render him the said Robert Crichtone 
uncapable of your favours : not imposing any com- 
mand upon you, but removing all impediments by 
way of statute, do remit him to you, and you to 
your freedom. 

Given at our Court at 
Theobalds, this 7th of 
July, 1635. 

To the Fellows of Catherine Hall, 
in Cambridge. 
[Ex Originali.] 



came thither of the Lambeth cut, but as the times turned was 
a presbyterian, an independent, everything that prevailed, 
and in every way violent." On which Baker notes : ''I sup- 
pose John Ellis is here meant, and pretty plainly described. 
John Ellis was fellow of Oath. Hall, father of Bp. Ellis one of 
the popish bishops in king James's time." — J. Ellis jun. is 
noticed in Calamy^cc. 107. But this is another man. Baker 
there adds that he was A.M. 1633. 



APPENDIX. 135 

To my very loving friends, the vice-chancellor and 
the rest of the heads of colleges in the Uni- 
versity of Cambridge. 

After my very hearty commendations. It is 
not, I think, unknown to you, that, since the late 
election and admission of Dr. Brownrigg into the 
mastership of Katharine Hall in Cambridge, his 
majesty has thought fit to suspend him from the 
exercise of that charge, upon some information of 
the miscarriage of the said election, which is al- 
ledged to be hypothetical and not managed with 
the respect that was due unto his majesty's letters 
of dispensation, directed to the fellows of that 
society, in favour of Mr. Crichton, the university 
orator, and procured by him, not without the en- 
couragement of some of themselves. The fellows 
have thereupon addressed to his majesty their 
humble accompt and petition concerning the said 
election, which they affirm to have been absolute, 
and made according to their statutes and con- 
sciences, without the least thought of crossing any 
desire of his majesty, the said letters for Mr. 
Crichton having not been at all exhibited unto 
them, nor his intentions made known to him by* 
any of the said fellows, but to Mr. Lothian in 
private only, as they alledge. In this variety of 
informations, his majesty, intending to be cleared 
of the truth, hath given me in charge to signify 
his royal pleasure to you, that ye forthwith call 

1 Sic. Query, hy him to 1 



136 LIFE OF M. ROBINSOR. 

before you^ or so many of you as are now at Cam- 
bridge, as well tlie said fellows of Katharine Hall 
as Mr. Cricliton, and endeavour by all fitting and 
convenient means to inform yourselves rightly con- 
cerning the said election, in the several passages 
thereof above-mentioned. Of which inquiry ye 
are to give his majesty a speedy accompt, to the 
end his majesty may take such order for the 
settling of the said college, as may be for his ma- 
jesty's honour and justice, and the good and welfare 
of that society. And this being his majesty's ex- 
23ress commandment, I doubt not but you will pro- 
ceed therein with the care and diligence which 
becomes you. And so I bid you heartily farewell, 
a;id rest 

Your most assured friend and chancellor, 

HOLLANDE. 

[Ex Autographo.] 

Oatlands the 3rd of August, 1635. 



To the right worshipful the heads of the university 
of Cambridge, the declaration of Eobert Crich- 
ton, orator of the said university, concerning 
the mastership of Katherine Hall. 

As the other day I related to your worships the 
particulars of the election of Katherine Hall, 
so far as I knew or concerned me, from point to 
point at large by word of mouth; so now being 
commanded thereunto by you, I exhibit in writing 



APPENDIX, 137 

the sum of wlia^t I then spoke, and under my hand 
declare nothing but the truth, which is this. 

Upon the last commencement Sunday, about 
six of the clock at night, I went to Katharine 
Hall, being earnestly sent for by Master Lothian, 
senior fellow of that house, who at my coming 
privately told me, their master was dead ; and asked 
me, whether I had a mind to that place, or no ? I 
answered, No, I cared not for it ; yet thinking with 
myself, that, since I purposed to lay down my 
place, this might be an occasion for me to live still 
in the university, I desired time of further delibe- 
ration. His answer was : The business required 
speed ; delays luere dangerous ; the statutes allowed 
hut three days for election. Yet if I required the 
assistance of a trusty friend, he was content to com,- 
municate ivith him, I named Master Shirley, 
fellow of Trinity College, a gentleman equally 
known to us both, whom Master Lothian forthwith 
sent for, and before him and Master Buck, the 
senior bedel, and myself. Master Lothian read us 
the statutes, where finding me uncapable to be 
elected master, seeing I was neither doctor nor 
bachelor of divinity, as the statutes required, he 
spake to me thus. You see, ifioe would, we cannot 
chuse you, unless his majesty dispense with our 
statutes ; therefore if you loill try your friends at 
court, to procure his 'majesty s letters, before the sun 
rise on Wednesday morning, I promise you my 
voice and best assistance. So he spake and so we 
parted. 



138 LIFE OF M. EOBIFSOF. 

That Sunday niglit I took horse, and before the 
next day at noon I had obtained his majesty's grant, 
by the intercession of my gracious lord and patron 
the duke of Lenox, and the benignity of my dread 
sovereign the king, whom God ever bless. But 
finding no secretary of state to attend, I was forced 
in that strait and narrow compend of time to use 
mine own hand in the penning of his majesty's 
letters, which I framed wholly dispensatory, to 
remove those bars of statutes; and that I did for 
these three causes. 

First, I thought a dispensation sufficient, if the 
major part of the fellows were willing : if unwilling, 
I thought it were better for me to want the place 
than have it. 

Secondly, I saw how peerlessly just my dread 
sovereign the king was in all his actions, how 
maturely and deliberately he imposed all his royal 
commands, so that I was loth to press upon his 
majesty, or propound a request, which might seem 
harsh or reluctant to his princely virtuous resolu- 
tions, especially where I conceived his majesty's full 
power and authority not needful. 

Thirdly, I would not use an high hand in ob- 
taining university preferments, to the which they 
themselves were not willing in some sort to con- 
descend of their own accords ; although the faith- 
fulness of my ten years' service might perhaps have 
prompted me to the hopes of as great a dignity as 
the mastership of Kath. Hall, had I been very 
eager on the spur of ambition. 



APPENDIX, 139 

With liis majesty's letters I returned to Cam- 
bridge on Tuesday about eight at the night, and 
instantly I sent the letters by Master Shirley to 
Master Lothian, who received them of him then, 
without doubt, as he himself acknowledged that 
night to me about ten of the clock, not without some 
regret, wishing the letters had been mandatory, or at 
least more poioerful and efficacious : for, he said, the 
fellows had importuned him, and he had already 
passed a scrutiny, and chosen another man for tlie 
security of their college]^, to debar all frcmi being 
chosen masters but myself, if I brought his 'majesty s 
mandate; which I took to be a hypothetical con- 
ditional election, because he spoke to this effect (as 
I understood him) : If I brought a mandate, ivhat 
they had done they toould mollify V if I brought 
none, what they had done should stand for good]. 
By which words I gathered, they had fixed on 
another before I returned, although I returned 
within my appointed time; insomuch that, for my 
part, I was content to sit down, rather than to 
entangle myself in a twisted and interfering busi- 
ness. Always provided they gave his majesty 
satisfaction and my lord duke, which I thought all 
parties were bound to do, as well of loyalty towards 
their sovereign, as of good manners towards so great 
a peer as my lord duke. 

^ ''This clause is added at the bottom in his own hand, 
referred to with this note *." 
^ Sic. Query, nullify? 



140 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

And this is the plain and naked truth of my 
solicitation at court, and the success of his majesty's 
letters. 

Rob. Ceichtone. 

I have neither in this business, nor never in 
any else, had conference or acquaintance with any 
other fellow of that college, but with Mr. Lothian. ' 

Rob. Crichtone. \manu propria^ 
[This is added at the bottom in his own hand]. 

Exhibit. lo August! 1635. inter horas 9^""- et 
II ^'^- antemerid. 



Aug. 13, 1635. I, Thomas Buck, one of the 
bedels of the university of Cambridge, being with 
Mr. Lothian in his chamber at Katherine Hall, upon 
the Commencement Sunday last past, about 5 or 6 
of the clock in the afternoon, when Mr. Creiton 
orator of the university and Mr. Shirley fellow of 
Trinity College were there also present, did hear 
Mr. Lothian mention unto Mr. Creiton his majesty's 
letters, for the procuring of the mastership of 
Katherine Hall, then void: and (by the drift of 
their whole discourse in my hearing, by what 
Mr. Lothian had spoken unto me a little before in 
private, and by what I then remembered concern- 
ing the manner of Mr. Lothian's being made fellow 
of the said hall) did conceive, that he then intended 
that Mr. Creiton should make suit for no other 
letters from his majesty, than those which were 



APPENDIX. 141 

to be absolutely mandatory, with a non- obstante to 
their statute and any other thing to the contrary 
whatsoever. In their whole discourse I could not 
perceive that Mr. Lothian relied upon the assist- 
ance of any of the other fellows. That which he 
said to me (after that he had told me of the death 
of Doctor Sibbs) was, that he ivas left alone^ and 
had not any one of the fellows to join with him. 

And that which I remembered concerning the 
manner of his own being made fellow of Kath. 
Hall was, that (in regard the first letters, which it 
jDleased his majesty to send in his behalf, for the 
said place, were not efiectually drawn up) he was 
enforced to procure his majesty's second letters, in 
a more efiectual manner, for the obtaining of his 
said fellowship. This I testify to be (in efiect) 
very true, and will depose thereunto, whensoever 
I shall be lawfully required. 

Tho. Buck. 
Exhibit. Aug. 14. 



Aug. 12, 1635. Whereas it is reported, that the 
fellows of Kojth, Hall did encourage Mr, Grighton in 
his desires of the mastership of Cath. Hall: it is 
certain that only Mr. Lothian spake to him about 
it, without the privity of any other of the fellows, 
who were wholly unacquainted with Mr. Crighton's 
intendment. And Mr. Lothian did thus far forth 
encourage him, viz. 



142 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

That, if he could procure his majesty's mandate 
for the mastership^ he would admit him, and that he 
would not admit of any other ^ until Tuesday night 
or Wednesday m^orning. In the mean time indeed 
lie did proceed, with the rest of the fellows, to the 
election of another at that time which the statute 
require th, but refused to admit. 

That upon Mr. Crighton's return, and signifying 
that the letters obtained were no other than to make 
hirni eligible (who otherwise was not), he advised 
Mr. Crighton to return again to the Court for letters 
mandatory, and he would in the mean time defer the 
admission. But Mr. Crighton resolved rather to 
give over, and agreed with Mr. Lothian, that his 
majesty's letters should not be mentioned, and was 
content Dr. Brownrigg should be admitted. 

That he only of all the fellows had spoken with 
Mr. Crighton, being his countryman and acquaint- 
ance ; that the other five had no notice of any 
passage betwixt them two ; that he joined with the 
rest in the election of Dr. Brownrigge ; that that 
election was absolute, although he presumed, that 
in case the mandate had come for Mr. Crighton, he 
might (notwithstanding this election) have admitted 
according to the king's command, and was so re- 
solved to do. By this it appears, how neither any 
disobedience was shewn to his majesty, nor any 
injury done to Mr. Crighton. 

That there was no answer returned to his 
majesty's letters, because Mr. Crighton willed, that 
they should not be exhibited to the society, and did 



APPENDIX, 143 

undertake to write a letter to his noble friend the 
duke of Lenox, to acquaint his grace with what 
had passed, and that he himself was well satisfied. 

That Dr. Brownrigge was wholly unacquainted 
with the carriage of this business, nor had the leas 
notice or intimation of the death or sickness of the 
late master, or of the intendment of the fellows to 
make choice of him to succeed, till after the election 
was past, which was not made known to him by the 
space of an whole day after and more ; and, when 
the fellows acquainted him with their election of 
him, there being a report that Mr. Crighton had 
the king's letters mandatory for that mastership. 
Dr. Brownrigge told one of the feUows, that if any 
such letters should he exhibited to them, they must take 
care to give his majesty's commands all due satisfac- 
tion, and that he would not in any case enter upon 
the place, if his majesty should interpose his com- 
mands for any other. 

The next day, the fellows sending for Dr. Brown - 
rigg to the college to receive admission, before he 
would enter into the chapel to be admitted, he re- 
quired the fellows to satisfy him in two particulars. 

1. Whether they had carefully observed the statute 
of election in all points 2 adding, that he would not 
enter upon a broken and unstatutable election. The 
fellows returned this answer, that their choice of him 
was every way statutable, 

2. He demanded of them, whether they had re- 
ceived any letters from his majesty, concerning Mr, 
Crighton"^ To which they answered, that Mr, 



144 LIFE OF M, ROBINSOJSf. 

Grighton had exhibited none to theini, hut that he 
rested well contented with their election already made, 
and would not interpose in it Whereupon Dr. 
Brownrigg took his oath prescribed by the statute, 
and received admission, and was possessed of the 
mastership. 



Whatsoever concerns 



John Lothian. 
Jo. Knowles. 



mine own particular ttt'it a j 

, , , ^ William bpurstowe. 

knowledge 1 affirm -I ^ ^ 



to be true, the rest 
I believe to be true. 



John Ellis. 
John Coulson. 
Sam. Lynford. 



William Spurstow, John Ellis, John Coulson, 
and Sam. Lynford, four of the fellows of Kath. 
Hall in Cambridge, sworn upon their corporal 
oaths, depose and say : that there were no letters 
from his majesty delivered or tendered unto them, on 
tJie hehalf of Mr. Greiton, to dispense with him to he 
eligihle to the mastership of Kath, Hall, in the late 
vacancy, or any ways to signify his majesty'' s royal 
pleasure therein, hut that they, these deponents, not 
having any knowledge that his majesty had or would 
write anything therein, did in the said late vacancy, 
together with Mr, Lothian and Mr, Knowles, the other 
tioo fellows, convene and meet together, according to 
the statute in that hehalf, for the election of a master : 
and they all six (being all the whole number of the 
electors) did freely and unanimously, and according 
to their statute and consciences, elect, and chose Dr. 
Brownrigge to he master of their college, lohich their 



APPENDIX. US 

choice was so made and done simply and absolutely, 
and according to the form of the statute, and without 
any condition or limitation at all, and afterwards 
the said Br. Brownrigge was, with all their full and 
free express consents, absolutely pronounced the elected 
master according to the statute, and since hath been 
duly admitted and sworn master accordingly. And 
these deponents further respectively deposed, that 
they had not the least thought of crossing any desire 
of his majesty for Master Creiton, there having been 
710 letters from his majesty exhibited to them on his 
behalf (as they have before deposed), nor any inten- 
tions of Master Creiton therein having been made 
known to these deponents or any of them respec- 
tively. 

William Spurstowe. Jo. Coulson. 

John Ellis. Sam. Lynford. 

Omnes quatuor jur. 5to die Augusti 1635. 
Ko. EiCHS.^ 



John Lothian, one of the fellows of Katherine 
Hall in Cambridge maketh oath, that in the late 
vacancy of the mastership of Katherine Hall afore- 
said, he, this deponent, together with Mr. Knovdes, 



1 Here and below this name is indistinct. It is not 
clear whether the third letter is a c or a f; from the line 
above the s in the signature below, it appears that the name 
(Richson ? Richardson ?) is abbreviated. 

10 



146 LIFE OF M, ROBIFSON. 

Mr, Spurstowej Mr, Ellis, Mr, Coulson, Mr, Lynford, 
the other five fellows electors, did according to the 
statute on that hehalf, all six of them (being the 
vjhole number of electors^ convene and rmet together 
about the election of a master, and did all six of 
them freely, unanimously, simply and absolutely 
chuse Dr. Brownrigge to be master of Kath, Hall 
aforesaid, according to their oaths and consciences 
and the form of the statute on that behalf; and tliat 
the said election was absolute, as aforesaid, and no 
way hypothetical; and that the said Dr, Brownrigge 
was afterwards absolutely pronounced master by him 
this deponent, being senior fellow, and since hath 
been peaceably admitted and sworn master accord- 
ingly. And this deponent further deposeth, that 
there were no letters from his majesty for dispensing 
with Mr. Greichtone to be eligible shewed to this 
deponent, till after the said election was absolutely 
Tnade, as aforesaid; and that the said Master 
Creichtone did of himself waive the said letters, upon 
notice of the election of the foresaid Dr. Brownrigge, 
so that the said letters were not at all exhibited or pre- 
sented to the fellows of Kath, Hall aforesaid, or they 
required to do anything upon the same, 

John Lothian. 
Jur. 50. August! 1635. 
Eo. RiCHS. 



APPENDIX. 147 




" Zachary, son of Zachary Cawdrey, vicar of 
Melton Mowbray, was born at Melton about 1616 : 
and, wben of fitting age, educated for seven years 
in the free-scbool there, under the then master there- 
of Mr, Humphrey. At sixteen, he was sent thence 
to St. John's college, Cambridge, where he was 
admitted sub or proper sizar to the then master 
Dr. Humphrey Gower * ; where he had for his tutor 
Mr. Masterson at that time one of the fellows there': 
he went out M. A. in the same university in 1642^ 

1 have ^ A Discourse of Patronage, being a 
modest Enquiry into the Original of it, and a far- 
ther Prosecution of the History of it. With a true 
Account of the Original and Rise of Yicarages, and 
a Proposal for enlarging their Revenues; also an 
humble Supplication to the pious Nobility and 
Gentry, to endeavour the Prevention of the Abuses 
of that honorary Trust of Patronage ; with a Pro- 
posal of some Expedients for the regulating it, most 
agreeable to the Primitive Pattern, wherein at once 
the just Rights of Patrons are secured, and the 
People's Liberty of Election of their own Ministers 
in a great measure indulged. By Zachary Cawdrey 

^ A mistake. Gower was younger than Cawdrey. Nichols' 
Lit Anecd, iv. 245, viii. 503. 

2 '«E Eegistro coll. D. Johann. Evang. Cant." 

3 " E Eegistro almse Acad. Cant." 

10—2 



148 LIFE OF M, EOBIFSOK. 

Rector of Bartliolmy in Cheshire, 1675', 45 pages." 
Nichols, Leicestersh. ii. 259. Some farther particu- 
lars respecting his father, grandfather, &c. may be 
seen ih, 256, 259, and 259*. 

"Zacharias Cawdrey, Lecestrensis," was admitted 
foundation fellow of St. John's Apr. 15, 1641. 

He was one of the foremost promoters of the 
" contentions " in the college, complained of by the 
lords and commons 6 July 1647. (See Cooper's 
Annals, iii. 414 ; Baker's MS. xxvii. 109 — 130). 
I can here extract only a few passages relating to 
Cawdrey, but the whole series of papers should be 
printed, as giving, to use Baker's words, " a good 
account of the state of the college, and somewhat 
of the university, in those times of disturbance and 
confusion." The first paper, signed by Wm. Becher, 
Tho. Hodges \ Jas. Mowbray^, Ja. Creswick, Geo. 
Sikes, Jer. Collier, Tho. Goodwin^, Sam. Heron, is 
an information addressed to the vice-chancellor and 
heads of colleges. The petitioners state that in 

1 See Calamy's Ace. 540, Cont. 704. ''Tho. Hodges, Coll. 
Eman. admissus in Matriculam Acad. Cant. Apr. 18, 1633. 
Coll. Eman. A.B. 1636 [163^]. CoU. Eman. A.M. 1640. 
Coll. Jo. S.T.B. an. 1648 Eegr. Acad.— Tho. Hodges Coll. 
Jo. unus ePrsedic. 1650." Baker's MS. note on the AccouTit. 

2 See Calamy's Ace. 531. ''Jac. Mowbray Lyncoln, 
admissus socius Coll. Jo. Jun. 19, 1644. — Kegr. Coll. Jo. — 
Unus e Prsedicatoribus ab Acad, emittendis. an. 1648." Baker. 

3 ''He [Joseph Bennet] was of St. John's College in 
Cambridge, and Mr. Goodwin was his tutor, whom he often 
commended for his piety and learning, and good management 
of his pupils." — Calamy's Ace. 681. 



APPENDIX. 149 

pursuance of the ordinance of Feb. 2, 164!, ^^ 
earl of Manchester had prohibited "the election 
and admission of any person into any office or 
government (particularly into the place of a senior 
or deputy senior) within our college, which should 
not bring testimony of his taking the covenant. 
Which order (conducing much to the promoting 
and facilitating the work of reformation in our 
college) was observed and submitted unto, and all 
our meetings and elections regulated by them, for 
the space of two years and an half, until June last, 
when Mr. Henman, Mr. Wombwell, Mr. Clark, 
Mr. Winterburn, and Mr. Cawdry, fellows of our 
college (who were, and still are disaffected to the 
parliament, and obstructors of reformation of re- 
ligion, though in a different degree) emboldened (as 
we suppose) through the present distractions of the 
kingdom, have denied any further obedience to 
these orders, urging the college statutes, to invali- 
date the foresaid orders. Thereupon they first 
came jointly to the president, and peremptorily 
demanded justice, viz. to be admitted deputy seniors, 
according to college statutes, notwithstanding they 
were rendered uncapable by virtue of the fore-men- 
tioned orders." Several of the accused had dared 
to appear and vote among the seniors. This paper 
is dated July 27, 1647. 

On the same day a counter-petition was handed 
in by Henman, Wombwell, Clarke, Winterburne, 
Cawdrey, and Hutton, pleading the ordinance of 
Feb. 14, i644[-5], which enabled all colleges to elect 



150 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

fellows after their usual manner, retorting tlie 
charge of intrusion ; and certifying " that at the 
last election of fellows all candidates, of how emi- 
nent parts and deserts soever, were declared to be 
ineligible and incapable of fellowships in our college, 
only for not covenanting." 

The third paper is an answer [dat. Jul. 30, 1647] 
to the second. It is subscribed as the first, except 
that Collier does not sign. 

The fourth paper (same date) is subscribed as 
the second (Hutton only wanting). The defendants 
there state, that the covenant was never tendered 
to some of them, that others, to whom it was 
tendered, upon their refusal out of conscience, were 
dismissed without the infliction of any mulct or 
penalty; that the ordinance disqualifying non- 
covenanters from holding office had been disre- 
garded repeatedly : e. g, " Mr. Cawdry appointed 
deputy steward by the master himself, though 
formerly he had been put out of the stewardship 
for not covenanting, when yet the covenant had 
never been tendered him," &c. &c. 

The fifth paper does not concern Cawdrey. 

The sixth, signed by Mowbray, Creswick, Sikes, 
Collier, John Pawson, and Goodwin, is an answer 
to the fourth. With regard to Cawdrey's case 
they say : " As to the fourth and fifth instances of 
deputy steward or deputy bursar, they come not 
within the compass of our order, neither is it neces- 
sary, because the bursar and steward stand bound 
to provide that the college receive no detriment* 



APPENDIX. 151 

As for Mr. Cawdrey his being put out of the 
stewardship for non-covenanting, and afterwards 
appointed deputy by the master : we answer, that 
Mr. Cawdrey never was steward, and so could not 
possibly be put out. He was only deputy, to which 
we have answered." Towards the end the re- 
formers break out into violent abuse. 

There are several other papers, but the follow- 
ing alone is to our present purpose (p. 129) : 
" St. John's coll. Cambridge, July 13, 1647. We, 
the senior fellows of St. John's college in Cam- 
bridge, whose names are hereunto subscribed, being 
thereunto requested by these several members of 
our own body, vizt. Mr. Henman, Mr. Wombwell, 
Mr. Clarke, Mr. Winterbume, Mr. Cawdrey, Mr. 
Hutton, Mr. Beresford, and Mr. Stoyte, do hereby 
attest and testify, that we know not that any of the 
aforesaid persons have endeavoured to disturb the 
peaceable and statutable government of our said 
college, by opposing the ordinances of parliament 
for regulating the university of Cambridge, but in 
all their occasional requests made unto us have 
always proceeded in a quiet and statutable way. 

Sam. Peachie, Oliver Dand, 
Arth. Heron, Edm. Thorold. 

For the president's testimony we refer ourselves 
to the relation made July 14, 1647 ^7 ^vaa to the 
vice-chancellor, and heads of the university, con- 
cerning the proceedings of Mr. Henman and the 
rest above-named in our college." 



152 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

When rector of Barthomley Cawdrey gave £io 
towards the completion of the third court. (Baker's 
History of St Johris College), Besides the Discourse 
of Patronage he published A Preparation for Mar- 
tyrdom; a Discourse about the Cause, the Temper, 
the Assistances and Rewards of a Martyr of Jesus 
Christ: in Dialogue betwixt a Minister and a Gentle- 
man his Parishioner. Lond. 1681, 4to. This was 
answered in A Letter to the late Author of the " Pre- 
paration <Scc.,'' in which Cawdrey is taken to task as 
a traitor to " our church and establishment," appa- 
rently because of his fear of Bomanism and charit- 
able feelings towards Nonconformists. It is not 
necessary (with the editor of Notes and Queries, 
viii. 152) to call him " an admirer of the Yicar of 
Bray" on either of these grounds. Indeed the 
sarcasm is singularly inapplicable. Cawdrey's 
sturdy loyalty lost him his proctorship and his 
tithes ; while from his friendship for Henry New- 
come and for Matthew Bobinson it is clear that he 
never approved harsh treatment of ^ Non-Cons* 
Indeed, as we have seen (p. 68), he had himself some 
scruples to surmount before he conformed. 

Cawdrey's daughter married George Grrey, 
Bobinson's nephew and successor, and bore to him 
Zachary Grey, who says, " My grandfather Cawdrey 
after he lost his fellowship, went to live with one 
Dr. Mason, who was Master of requests to king 
Charles the First." — Nichols' Lit. Anecd. ii. 534 n. 

He became rector of Barthomley in 1649, was tu- 
tor to lord Delamere's eldest son (Newcome's Diary, 



APPENDIX, 153 

Feb, 21, 28, Mar. 5, 1^%)? and died at Barthomley 
Dec. 21, 1684 (Ormerod's C^e5A^re, iii. 163, 164, where 
is his epitaph, which gives many particulars respect- 
ing his family) : Calamy tells us that Joseph Cope 
preached at " Bartomley for the old incumbent that 
was to come in there, Mr. Zach. Gawdrey, a worthy 
moderate conformist." — Account, &c. 2nd ed. ii. 128. 
I have^ "Catholicon: the expediency of an 
Explicit Stipulation betwixt the Parochial Mi- 
nisters AND THEIR CONGREGATIONS. Or, An EsSAY 

to prove that the Intervention of Solemn Mutual 
Promises betwixt the Parochial Ministers and their 
people (Faithfully to discharge their Relative duties 
to one another) would be useful and expedient for 
these ends : 

To promote in Clergy -men Kegularity of Life, 
and diligence in their Ministerial Function. 

To increase in the Lay Parishioners, Christian 
Knowledge, Sincere Godliness, with a Free and 
Friendly Conversation. 

To give a Stop to Separation, and Reduce Dis- 
senters to the Communion of the Church without 
u^ing Secular Compulsion. 

To secure the Peace of the Nation. 

To inlarge Trade, and make Provision for the 
Poor. 

And that all this may be effected without the 
least Innovation, or alteration of the present Legal 
Establishment of the Church of England, 

^ Another copy is in the Univ. Libr. R. 10. 11. 



154 LIFE OF M. ROBIFSON, 

Hiimbly tendred to the consideration of all Eng- 
lish Protestants, by a Parochial Minister. London, 
Printed, 1674," 4to, pp. 27, which was written by 
Cawdrey (Rotes and Qu. u. s.). 

Whatever may be thought of the particular 
suggestions of this tract, one cannot but admire 
the zeal with which the author maintains " the truly 
Catholic principles of the Church of England, 
which unchurcheth not nor reprobateth Christians 
of any form, that hold repentance toward God, and 
faith towards our Lord Jesus Christ." — Page 10. 






Matthew, son of Francis, Poole, was a native 
of York*. He was entered as pensioner at Em- 
manuel under Dr. Worthington, April 19, 1645, be- 
came scholar of that college, and took his degree of 
B.A. and M.A. in due coursed 



^ ''I went also to see the house (in Oldwork) where 
the famous Mr. Pool was bom." — Thoresby's Diary, i. 460. 
** Where [at Wakefield] visited uncle and aunt Pool, of the 
same family with the famous Mr. Matthew Pool, author of 
the Synopsis Criticorum, who was born at York, where his 
father, Prancis Pool, Esq. (an eminent lawyer) married Alder- 
man Toppin's daughter, near the lower church in Micklegate 
(query, register for the date of his birth). His father also 
sometimes Hved at Hull ; my uncle Pool's father was his clerk," 
—Ibid. 354. 

2 ''April 19, 1645. Matth. Pool was admitted pensioner 
.... Nov. 24, 1646. I had four pupils made scholars of the 



APPENDIX. 155 

It is needless to repeat particulars of his life 
which maybe found* in Calamy (Ace. 14, 15, Contin, 
15), and thence in Palmer {Nonconf. Memor., ed. 2, 
i. 167), Wood {Fasti, \i. 205), the General Dictionary 
of Bernard and Birch, the Biographia Britannica, 
and Chalmers (who gives the fullest account); but a 
few gleanings still remain. 

Among his friends Calamy^ names Edward 
Bowles, (whom he always consulted on matters of 
importance, Contin. 933) and Thomas Calvert, [Ace. 
784). "Aug. II, [1668], Mrs. Poole, wife to Mr. 
Matth. Poole, minister, buried at St. Andrew's, 
Holbom; Dr. Stillingfleet preached." Ric, Smith's 



house, viz. Natli. Church, H. Warburton, Laur. Leigh, Matt. 
Pool." Worthington's i)mr2/. " Mr. Pool (a silenced minis- 
ter in London) hath lately published a book called The Nullity 
of the Romish Faith, with an Appendix, answering what is in 
Eushworth, White, Cressy, &c., about infalUbility. It is 
much commended. He was sometime my pupU at Emmanuel 
college, and a nimble youth then. It was licensed and printed 
at Oxford. The Bishop of Winchester commends it much." 
Ibid. ii. 194. '^ Matth. Poole, Coll. Eman. conv. 2d ad- 
missus in Matriculam Acad. Cant. Jul. 2, 1645. A.B. 1648. 
[164I-]. A.M. 1652." Baker's MS. note in Calamy. 

1 Echard (iii. 568) and Kennett add nothing to Calamy 
and Wood. 

2 A few biographical notices may find a place in a note. 
Of Poole's Annotations the first edition, corrected by John 
Jackson, is the best (Ace. 674). The Synopsis was abridged 
by Hieron {Ace. 164). Even now his Dialogues between a 
Popish Priest and an English Protestant and his Annotations 
are reprinted and widely read. 



156 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

Obituary (printed from an imperfect copy by the 
Camden Society ; tlie original is in the Cambiidge 
Library). 

Poole joined with other ministers in an address 
to Richard Cromwell (St. John's Library, Gg. 6. 45). 
Baxter {Life, iii. 94) names him among a very few 
who took the Oxford Oath (1665). Burnet's gossip 
(Oivn Times, i. 308, under the year 1672) may pass 
for what it is worth : " The duke was now known 
to be a papist, and the duchess was much suspected. 
Yet the presbyterians came in a body, and Dr. Man- 
ton in their name thanked the king for it [the tole- 
ration], which offended many of their best friends. 
There was also an order to pay a yearly pension of 
fifty pounds to most of them, and of an hundred 
pounds a year to the chief of the party. Baxter 
sent back his pension and would not touch it. But 
most of them took it. All this I say upon Dr. Stil- 
lingfleet's word, who assured me he knew the truth 
of it. And in particular he told me that Pool, who 
wrote the Synopsis of the Critics, confessed to him 
that he had had fifty pounds for two years. Thus 
the court hired them to be silent : and the greatest 
part of them were so, and very compliant." Calamy 
{Own Life, ii. 469, referred to by Dr. Bouth) justly 
vindicates the nonconformists from the charge of 
servile compliance in the matter. 

In 1674 he, with Tillotson and others, promoted 
Gouge's scheme for the distribution of Welsh Bibles 
(Calamy, Ace. 10), But his most important work of 
charity is so connected with the history of the uni^ 



APPENDIX, 157 

versity, that it may be worth while (especially as a 
similar plan is now in active operation) to insert 
here a full account of it. 

"This year [1659] was a general contribution 
made among the chief Presbyterians in London and 
elsewhere, for the maintenance of forty scholars in 
each university, viz. to those of that number (?), 
while undergraduates, were to have £10 a piece per 
An., while bachelors, £20 a piece per An., and when 
masters, £30 a piece per An. To be examined also 
every half-year, what progress they make in their 
studies, and, as their genii led, to have employment 
or preferment found out for them. This contribu- 
tion endured one year after K. Charles II. was re- 
stored, and then it ceased." Wood's Hist and Ant. 
of Oxf, (ed. Gutch), ii. 697. " He set on foot a good 
and great project for maintaining youths of great 
parts, studiousness and piety, and hopeful proficience, 
at the universities. He had the approbation of th« 
heads of houses in both of them, and nominated 
such excellent persons for trustees, and solicited so 
earnestly, that in a little time about £900 per An. 
was procured for that purpose. He that proved 
afterwards the great Sherlock, dean of St. Paul's, I 
am informed was one of them. But this design was 
quashed by the restoration." — Calamy's Ace, 14 \ 

In the University Library are two copies of the 
prospectus ; the later and completer form is here 

^ Birch {Life of Tillotson, fol. xi.) derives his account 
from Calamy alone. 



158 LIFE OF M. ROBIJSrSON. 

reprinted : the earlier has a different title*, and ya- 
rious other differences; e.g. while the whole number 
of trustees is fewer, some appear in the former list 
who do not in the latter (Alderman Chander, Al- 
derman Bigs, [unless he be the same with Walter 
Bigg, Esq.] Mr. Staines, Dr. Drake) : in the list of 
Cambridge doctors who supported the proposal, 
John Worthington and John Arrowsmith are omit- 
ted in the revised edition, while Horton, Seaman, 
Woodcock, Hill and Stillingfleet are added. 



1 " A Model for the maintainiiig of Students of choice 
abilities at the University, and principally in order to the 
Ministry. Together with a Preface before it, and after it a 
Recommendation from the University; and two serious Ex- 
hoHations recommended unto all the unfeigned lovers of Piety 
and Learning, and more particularly to those rich men who 
desire to honour the Lord with their substance. Honour the 
Lord with thy substance, and with the first-fruits of thine in- 
crease. Prov. iii. 9. Printed Anno Domini. 1658." The date 
1648 m the title-page of the revised edition is a mere error of 
the press. 




APPENDIX. 159 



MODEL 

For the maintaining of 

Students 

Of choice Abilities at the 

UNIVERSITY, 

and Principally in order to the 

MINISTRY. 

WITH 

Epistles & Recommendations, 

and an Account of the Settlement and 

Practise of it in the Universities 

from the Doctors there. 

As also with Answers to such Objections 

as are most Plausible, which may be 
made against it. 

And with the Names of the Trustees. 



Prov. 3. 9. 

Honour the Lord with thy substance, and with the first-fruits of 
thine increase. 



LOND ON, 

Printed by /. ff. for /. Rothwell at the Fountain in Goldsmiths 
Row in Cheapside. 1648. 



160 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 



THE PEEFACE. 

How dear the glory of God and the kingdom of 
Christ should be unto all, and is to every one in 
whom dwelleth the love of God, is on all hands 
acknowledged; that it is a duty incumbent upon all 
men, not only to praise God with their lips, but 
also, to honour God with their substance, and that 
in a proportionable manner to what the Lord hath 
been pleased to betrust them with ; we wish it were 
as cheerfully practised as it will be readily granted. 
As there is no greater honour that can be put upon 
a creature, than to be in a capacity of honouring 
God, especially when to this is added the blessing 
of a large and wise heart to understand how great 
a trust that is, and what a glorious advantage is 
put into his hands; so there is no greater evidence 
of a sincere heart than to be unwilling to offer to 
the Lord such sacrifices as cost nothing : and as it 
is a duty to honour God, so it is a duty also to 
study in what ways God may be honoured, and if 
one way be more conducing than another to the 
attainment of that great end, that way is most 
eligible, by wise and pious christians ; and although 
it is a laudable and necessary work to exercise 
charity towards the bodies of distressed persons, yet 
those must needs be the most noble acts of charity 
which concern the souls of men, seeing both the 
object of them is more excellent, and the effects 
more durable. And as the means instituted by 



APPENDIX. 161 

Christ for the good of souls, is the erection and 
maintenance of his Church, and the supplying of it 
with an able and pious ministry : so it hath been in 
all ages the care of those whose hearts have been 
touched with a sense of God's honoin:, and a fervent 
desire of the Church's enlargement, to afford such 
liberal supplies and encouragements as might both 
prepare men for, and support them in the work of 
the ministry. And these are the ends which have 
been principally aimed at by all, but all have not 
used the same means to those ends, nor are all 
means equally effectual: it is therefore our desire 
in this model to make choice of such ways as to us 
seem most useful for the forementioned purposes: 
and because the foundation of the work lies in the 
excellency of the natural parts of such as are 
designed that way (a few such being more worth 
than a far greater proportion of other men) it is 
therefore of great use, and we shall endeavour that 
it may be our great care, to single out such persons 
to whom God hath given the most high and pro- 
mising abilities : who, if they be placed under the 
most learned and godly tutors we can find, and 
obliged as far as possibly we can, to a diligent and 
eminent improvement in knowledge of all sorts and 
solid piety, we conceive it will be no arrogance 
humbly to expect a more than ordinary advantage 
to the poor Church, which now, if ever, calls for 
teachers of exquisite abilities: and because there 
are some church works of great concernment, which 
cannot be conveniently managed by such as are 

11 



162 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON-. 

overwlielmed witli preacliing work (sucli as tlie 
resolution of weiglity doubts and cases of con- 
science, the stopping of the mouths of gainsayers, 
and the like) it must needs be judged of great 
advantage to have some particular persons exqui- 
sitely fit for such works, both in regard of natural 
and acquired endowments, who should be set apart 
for them, and attend upon them without distraction. 
The rather, because there are divers men, perad ven- 
ture not eminent for preaching gifts, who being 
wisely improved, may be very serviceable to other 
of the Church's necessities : and these are the chief 
intendments of the following model : yet, forasmuch 
as there may be divers towardly youths, of compe- 
tent parts (though short of the eminency that some 
others attain to) and mean condition, who may be 
of good use in the ministerial work, and seeing the 
ordinary necessities of the Church are not to be 
neglected, especially the condition of Ireland and 
Wales, and some dark parts of England, being so 
doleful and dismal, we hope it will be an acceptable 
work to lay in provision in this model, whereby fit 
persons may be sent into those places, which by 
reason of their distance, many cannot, and others 
do not go into : we confess, as we shall not be want- 
ing in our prayers and endeavours, as far as God 
shall enable us sincerely and impartially to look to 
these ends and ways propounded; so we cannot but 
hope in God that the bowels of many precious souls 
will be refreshed by these means. And we are con- 
fident whoever shall engage their hearts in this free- 



APPENDIX. 163 

will offering to God, will have no cause to repent 
of it, nor shall it be a grief of heart to any at the 
last day (when the rust of other men's silver shall 
rise up against them to their everlasting confusion) 
to have been the happy instruments of enlarging 
the Church, and propagating the Gospel, and saving 
of souls: and in this life also the generations to 
come shall call them blessed. 

Read and approved, and appointed to be 

printed by the trustees. 

Mat. Poole. 

To the rich that love Christ, tlie Church, the Gospel, 
amd themselves. 
Gentlemen, 

I have here a happy opportunity to offer 
you an excellent benefit, by inviting you to an excel- 
lent duty. If receiving be unpleasant to you, how 
came you to be rich? If you like it, come while 
the market lasts. Come before thieves, or fire, or 
soldiers have seized upon your perishing wealth, come 
before death hath taken you from all. You see here 
that Christ is contented to be your debtor, at the 
usury of a hundred for one, in this world, and in 
the world to come, eternal life. Matt. xix. 29. If 
you are covetous, take this bargain, for all the 
world cannot help you to the like for your com- 
modity : if you are not covetous, you will not be 
tenacious of your money : the offer is so fair, and so 
unmatchable, that I know not what can keep you 

11—2 



164 LIFE OF M. ROBINSOF. 

from accepting it, unless if be that you dare not 
trust the word, the promise, the covenant of Christ. 
And whom then will you trust? who shall keep 
your wealth? will you? But who shall keep you 
then? will you undertake to keep yourselves? Alas, 
how long? Is God to be trusted with the susten- 
tation of the whole creation, and the government 
of all the world, and with the lives of you and all 
the living, and with the prospering of your labours, 
and your daily preservation and provision? and yet 
is He not to be trusted with your money? you'll 
say you trust God : let us see now that you do not 
play the hypocrites. If you are friends to Christ, 
you may see in the work here offered to you, your 
Master's name, and interest, and honour: it's cer- 
tainly His voice that calls you to this adventure, 
and therefore never make question of your call. 
If you are friends to your country, now let it be 
seen: if you live an hundred years, perhaps you 
will never have a better opportunity to shew it. 
If you are protestants and love the Gospel, shew it 
by helping to plant and water the seminaries of the 
Lord. Perhaps you cannot dispute for the truth, 
or preach for it yourselves : but you can contribute 
for the maintenance of some to do it : this then is 
your work, know it and perform it. You may have 
a prophet's reward, without being yourselves pro- 
phets. Matthew x. 41. At least therefore, shew 
that you love yourselves, and that you love your 
money better than to lose it, by casting it away 
iipon the flesh, and leaving it in the world behind 



APPENDIX. 165 

you. If you can stay here always with it, then 
keep it : I speak to none but those that must die, 
and methinks such should be glad to learn the art 
of sending their wealth to meet them in another 
world. If you understand not that giving is re- 
ceiving, and that the giver is more beholden than 
the beggar, and that it is for yourselves that Grod 
commandeth you to give, and that the more you thus 
lose, the more you save and gain, you are then un- 
acquainted with the reasons of Christianity, and the 
life of faith. I hope you are sensible of England's 
privileges, above the dark Mahometans or Indians, 
in the freedom of ordinances, and plenty of receiv- 
ing opportunities. And know you not that an 
opportunity of giving may be as great a mercy to 
you, as of hearing or praying, and should be as for- 
wardly and thankfully accepted ? He was never 
acquainted with the Christian life of doing good, 
that finds it not the most sweet and pleasant life. 
Though we must snatch no unsound consolation 
from our works, but detest the thoughts of making 
God beholden to us; yet we must walk in them as 
His way, Ephes. ii. lo, in which we are likeliest to 
meet Him : he is likest to God, that doth most good, 
and that would do most. This is such an improve- 
ment of time and stock, that you may omit a 
prayer, a sermon, or a sacrament for it, rather than 
omit it: you may violate the rest of a Sabbath 
to shew mercy. Matt. xii. 4, 5. Your Lord and 
Master with a special remark, hath set you all this 
lesson for to study. Matt. ix. 13. \But go ye and 



166 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON-. 

learn what that meaneth, I will have mercy and 
not sacrifice']. And yet such, is here the happy 
combination, that it is mercy and sacrifice, because 
it is mercy for sacrifice, that you are called to. And 
doubt not but with such sacrifice God is well pleased, 
Heb. xiii. i6. Forget not therefore to communicate 
and do good. It is more blessed to give than to 
receive, Acts xx. 35. For the nature of the work 
before you, consider, first. Is it not pity that so 
good a breed of wits as England is renowned for, 
should be starved for want of culture and encou- 
ragement? Secondly, Is it not pity that so many 
thousands of souls should starve in ignorance, or be 
poisoned by seducements, for want of cost to pro- 
cure a remedy? and what abundance that may be 
saved by the ministry of such as you maintain, may 
bless God for you as the helpers of their salvation. 
Thirdly, The necessities of the Church have of late 
called students so young into the ministry, that 
eminent proficients in languages, sciences, antiqui- 
ties, &c. grow thin, and are in danger of being worn 
out, if there be not some extraordinary helps for 
chosen wits addicted to these studies. And what a 
dishonour, what a loss that would be to us, the 
Papists would quickly understand. Fourthly, The 
barbarous face of the Greek and other eastern 
Churches tells us, what need there is of learned 
instruments for the maintenance and propagation 
of the truth. Fifthly, What abundance of colleges 
and monasteries can the Komanists maintain, to fill 
the world with missionaries of all sorts, which is the 



APPENDIX, 167 

very strength of their kingdom. And is it not pity 
that a better work should be starved through our 
want of pious charity? and that Papists should 
dare us, and we be unfurnished with champions to 
resist them, when we are furnished with so much 
evidence of truth, which yet may easily be lost by 
ill managing ! Sixthly, If you are the servants of 
Christ, above all, you must now look about you for 
His Church and ministry. For the devil hath given 
you so strong an alarm, that he that now sits still, 
and runs not to his arms to help the Church, is a 
traitor, and no true soldier of Christ. Papists are 
up, and atheists and infidels and Jews are up, and 
abundance of secret apostates are up openly re- 
proaching the ministry, that privately deride Christ 
and the Scripture, and the life to come, (I know 
what I say to be too true) Quakers are up, and all 
the profane as far as they dare : and shall not we 
be up to further that Gospel and ministry and 
Church of Christ, which so many bands of the 
prince of darkness are armed to assault ? Let us 
discourage the devil, by making an advantage of 
his assaults. Let him see that we never do so 
much for Christ and the Church, as when he as- 
saulteth them with the fiercest or cunningest 
malignity. He that hath not so public a spirit, as' 
to value the welfare of the Church and the souls of 
men, before the fulness of his own estate, may go 
away sorrowful from Christ (as Luke viii. 23, 24), 
but a true disciple he cannot be. It would make 
a man's heart ache to think of the dark state of the • 



168 LIFE OF M. EOBINSOF. 

world for want of preachers. Were it but the 
state of Ireland and Wales, it should move us to 
compassion. And now I offer it to your sober 
thoughts, as to men that are going to be account- 
able for their talents, whether you have a better 
way to dispose of your money, and a way that will 
be more comfortable to you at death and judgement. 
I would not have you unmerciful to your children : 
but if you think you may not lawfully alienate any 
of your estates from them, you are far from the 
mind of the primitive Christians, that sold all and 
laid it at the Apostles' feet. If you ask, why we 
leave you not to yourselves to be charitable where 
you see cause; I answer, First, there is so much 
difficulty in every good w^ork, even in giving so as 
to make the best of it, that you should be thankful 
to those that will help to facilitate it. Secondly, 
Great works must have many hands. Thirdly, 
Conjunction engageth and encourageth, and draws 
on those in the company, that else would lag be- 
hind. What need we else associate for our minis- 
terial works of instruction, discipline, &c., and 
leave not every minister to himself? in company 
we go more cheerfully, easily, regularly and preva- 
lently. And should you not associate also in your 
duties '? 

Well, gentlemen, seeing it is undoubted that the 
work before you is of great importance to the 
honour of Christ, to the welfare of the Church, to 
the Protestant religion, to the souls of thousands, 
and to your own everlasting benefit, take heed how 



APPENDIX. 169 

you refuse to do your best, lest God distrain on 
you before you are aware, and then bold it or your 
souls if you can. And say not but you were warned 
by a friend that would have had you have saved 
your money and your souls, by making the best of 
your Master's stock. And if what I have said do 
not persuade you, I entreat you to read a preface 
to a book that I have written to this purpose, 
called. The Crucifying of the World, S^c. Read 
Gal. vi. 6, 7, 8, 9, lo. Accept this invitation to so 
good a work, from 

A servant of Christ for His Church, 
February 26, 1658. E-ichaed Baxter. 

A Model for the Education of Students of choice 
abilities at the University, and principally in 
order to the Ministry. 

April I, 1658. 

CHAPTER I. 

Of the Contribution and Contributors, 

§ I. That they, who through their affection to 
God's glory and the Church's good, in the advance- 
ment of learning and piety, shall be willing to con- 
tribute to this work, be entreated to signify their 
desires by way of subscription, that so it may be ^ 
more certain in itself, and more visible and ex- 
emplary to others. 

§ 2. And because subscriptions of this nature, 
though happily begun, have heretofore failed, lest it 



170 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON, 

should happen so in this case (whereby the whole 
design would be frustrated, and youths of excellent 
parts, hopefully planted at the university, forced to 
remove, besides many other inconveniences) we do 
earnestly desire that God would stir up the hearts 
of those, whose estates will bear it, to subscribe for 
eight years or for more, or for ever, which we shall 
look on as a noble and eminent act of charity, and 
which present and future ages may have cause to 
bless God for, and as the most proper and only 
certain course to promote the intended design, and 
to prevent the forementioned mischiefs : yet if any 
shall contribute anything upon other terms, we 
judge it a very acceptable service, and we hope it 
will occasion thanksgiving to God on their behalf 

§ 3. That the name of every contributor be fairly 
written in a book of vellum appointed for the pur- 
pose, together with the sum which it shall please 
him to contribute to this work. 



CHAPTEE II. 

Of the Trustees. 

§ I. That the money collected be disposed of, and 
the election of scholars made by 60 trustees, where- 
of 36 to be gentlemen or citizens of eminency, and 
24 to be ministers in or within five miles of the city 
of London, of which number any seven shall make 
a quorum, in ordinary cases, whereof three to be 
ministers. 



APPENDIX. 171 

§ 2. And because it is of great importance to 
tlie good of the work, tliat there be a special in- 
spection into it upon the place, it is thought fit that 
there be seven trustees chosen for each university, 
who shall be entreated to take notice of the profi- 
ciency and deportment of the exhibitioners in the 
university. 

§ 3. That the trustees proceed in all things with- 
out partiality, as they shall judge best for the public 
good, and sufier not themselves to be biassed from it 
by any favours or recommendations whatsoever: 
and particularly that in the election of scholars, or 
trustees, when there are any vacancies, the trustees 
declare themselves^ that they will according to their 
trust proceed therein with all fidelity and integrity : 
and that the clerk put the chairman in mind of it. 

§ 4. That when any one of the trustees dies, or 
refuseth to act further in the business, or removeth 
ten miles from London, or by the rest of the trus- 
tees is judged to deserve dismission from his trust, 
the rest of the trustees, or any 7 of them, whereof 
3 shall be ministers (notice being given to the trus- 
tees of the meeting, and of the end of it) being met 
together, proceed to chuse another: and that no 
trustee be completely chosen at one meeting, but 
that he be nominated one meeting, and (if they see 
fit) chosen the next meeting : and that they chuse 
one whom for wisdom, candour, activity, public- 
spiritedness, integrity, afiection to religion and 
learning, and other necessary qualifications, they 
judge fit for the work: and that they chuse a 



172 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON'. 

minister in the room of a minister ; and upon the 
vacancy of one who is no minister, that they chuse 
one who is no minister. 



CHAPTER III. 

Of the Officers and Expenses. 

§ I. That in the month of March yearly the 
trustees chuse one of themselves being a minister, 
who shall be desired from time to time for the year 
ensuing, to appoint meetings of the trustees, and to 
be present at all meetings and transactions, and to 
take special care to promote the work, and to keep 
correspondence with others in relation thereunto. 

§ 2. That the trustees in the month of March 
also chuse a treasurer (being a person of unques- 
tionable fidelity) from year to year: and that the 
treasurer's or collector's discharge shall be sufficient 
to any that shall pay the money: and that the 
treasurer be accountable once a quarter to the 
trustees, or any seven of them (a meeting being 
called) whereof three to be ministers : and that the 
treasurer shall not dispose of any of the monies, 
but according to the direction of the trustees or 
any seven of them (three being ministers) at a 
general meeting assembled. 

§ 3. That a clerk be chosen to be present at all 
meetings, to draw and enter all orders made by the 
trustees, and keep the books, and write such things 
as are necessary, as also a collector to gather in the 
monies, and to call meetings and do other necessary 



APPENDIX. 173 

works, and that they have such salaries as the trus- 
tees shall think fit. 

§ 4. That all the charges incidental to the work, 
which the trustees shall judge expedient, shall be 
allowed out of the stock. 

CHAPTER lY. 

Of the quality of the Scholars to he chosen, 

§ I. That the scholars to whom the exhibitions 
shall be granted, be chosen out of the university, or 
out of schools, as the trustees from time to time 
shall judge most fit, and that strict enquiiy and 
diligent examination be made, and all possible care 
used that fit persons be chosen, and that the election 
be made by seven of the trustees at the least, where- 
of three to be ministers, notice being given to the 
trustees of the meeting, and of the end of it. And 
that no scholars hereafter shall be chosen, but such 
as have been personally and diligently examined by 
three at least, being either of the trustees in London 
(who are scholars) or of the university trustees, or 
of such as shall be chosen and desired by the trustees 
to examine candidates, &c. and attested by their 
hands. And that no certificate be owned from the 
universities, but such as comes from known persons, 
or from such persons as some of the university 
trustees shall attest to. 

§ 2. That the scholars to be chosen, be of godly 
life, or at the least, hopeful for godliness, of eminent 
parts, of an ingenuous disposition, and such as are 



174 LIFE OF if. ROBINSON-. 

poor, or have not a sufficient maintenance any other 
way : that not only the pregnancy, but the solidity 
of their parts be observed. And that a special 
regard be had to godliness. 

§ 3. And, although our great aim in this work 
be, the bringing up of scholars of eminent parts and 
learning, and the supplying of the Church with 
choice ministers, and such, as through God's bless- 
ing may be pillars of the Church ; yet because the 
ordinary necessities of the Church also are to be 
provided for, and the sad condition of dark corners, 
both in Ireland and Wales, and several parts of 
England cries loud for our assistance; the trustees 
therefore may (after provision made for the fore- 
mentioned ends, as far as they shall think fit) chuse 
sorde scholars of godly life, and good parts (though 
it may be their parts rise not to that eminency 
which some others attain to) in order to the supply 
of such desolate and necessitous places and congre- 
gations. 

§ 4. That the exhibitions be generally given to 
such as intend the ministry, and direct their studies 
that way; yet so, as that the trustees may upon 
weighty reasons and sparingly dispose of some of 
them, to such, as, though not intending the ministry, 
may be other ways eminently serviceable to the 
Church or Commonwealth. 

§ 5. And whereas divers scholars after four years' 
continuance in the university, being raised to an 
higher degree, which they cannot support, are forced 
to remove and betake themselves to schools or to 



APPEXDIX. 175 

enter into the ministry^ tlirougli necessity, raw and 
unfurnished, to their own perpetual discouragement, 
and to the great mischief of the Church; that a 
special regard be had to such of them as during 
their continuance have given the best proof of their 
parts, learning and godliness, and they be enabled to 
continue four years after their degree of Bachelor, 
whereby they may be solemnly prepared and well 
fitted for that weighty work. 

CHAPTEE Y. 

Of the Education of the Scholars. 

§ I. That the exhibitioners shall be obliged to 
study to be eminent in the Latin, Greek, Hebrew, 
and other oriental languages, and in the several arts 
and sciences, so far forth as their geniuses will permit. 

§ 2. That over and besides their ordinary uni- 
versity exercises, they be tied to special exercises in 
those things as shall be thought fit by the trustees, 
and others whom they shall advise with. And that 
when the trustees shall think fit, two or three be 
picked out of the students to come up to London 
(their charges being borne) to do some learned exer- 
cises in the city, that so the contributors may see 
some fruit of their cost, and others may be excited 
and encouraged. 

§ 3. That their three last years be principally 
employed in the study of divinity, and the prepara- 
tion of themselves for the work of the ministry, 
such only excepted, as are mentioned, cL iv. § 4. 



176 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

§ 4. That such scholars as are taken from schools, 
be sent to the university, and there placed under 
such tutors as the trustees shall chuse, who shall 
be, as near as may be, eminent for godliness and 
learning and care of their pupils; who shall be en- 
treated to have a special eye upon them, as to their 
godliness, and to press them to a diligent attend- 
ance upon all means public and private conducing 
thereunto. 

§ 5. That none of the exhibitioners be absent 
from their colleges above six weeks in a year, unless 
special leave be obtained from some of the trustees 
of that university. 



CHAPTER VI. 

Of Inspection over the Exhibitioners. 

§ I. That once in a year the trustees or any three 
of them (whereof two shall be ministers) go to thq 
university, and there with the help of the univer^ 
sity trustees, find out their profiting, and diligently 
enquire into their abilities and conversations, an(J 
encourage them accordingly. 

§ 2. That those doctors of the university, &c. 
who are trustees, be desired (so far as they can) t( 
take special notice of the exhibitioners, and to en- 
quire into their proficiency in their studies, and the 
godliness of their conversations, and admonish oi 
advise them, as they see cause, and give notice tc 
the trustees at London, when occasion shall require 3 



APPEFDIX. 177 

also that they be entreated to direct them in the 
course of their studies, and resolve them in diffi- 
culties, as need requires. 

CHAPTER YII. 

Of encouragements to he given or denied to the Exhi- 
hitioners according to their merit. 

§ I. That the exhibitioners shall have such allow- 
ances as shall be judged expedient, according to 
their deserts, poverty, and standing in the univer- 
sity; and that such of them as most need and most 
excel in abilities and piety, shall besides their yearly 
allowance, have some consideration for their degree, 
when, and so far as the trustees shall conceive meet. 

§ 2. That after eight years standing in the uni- 
versity, the trustees and contributors do by them- 
selves and friends endeavour to promote them to a 
place answerable to their merit. 

§ 3. That such of the exhibitioners as shall at 
any solemn examination, be found eminently to 
excel the rest, shall have such special encourage- 
ments as the trustees shall judge fit. 

§ 4. That when there shall be satisfying evidence 
of the idleness or dissoluteness or any depravedness 
of any of them, the trustees may, after admonition 
and trial, for so long time as they shall think fit, 
withdraw the exhibition from them, and chuse 
others in their places. 



12 



178 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

CHAPTEE YIII. 

Of the Model. 

§ I. That the alteration or addition of circum- 
stances be left to the wisdom of the trustees, or any 
seven or more of them (whereof three to be minis- 
ters) provided that notice be given to the trustees 
generally, of the meeting, and of the end of it, and 
provided always that the substantial remain un- 
touched, to wit, the bringing up of eminent scholars 
at the university, in order to the ministry, and the 
selection of scholars for special uses, mentioned in 
the ninth chapter. 

CHAPTEE IX, 

Of the selection of some Scholars for special uses. 

§ I. That provision being made for the mainte- 
nance of scholars in order to the ministry, so far 
forth as the trustees shall judge necessary and suf- 
ficient, there be besides some fit persons selected 
and chosen by the trustees in the university, of 
sufficient standing and convenient leisure, and em- 
ployed in that way wherein they are most eminent, 
one to be the linguist, and principally for Greek, 
and for Jewish, and Eabbinical learuing; another 
the historian, and antiquary, especially for ecclesias- 
tical antiquity ; another the philosopher and mathe- 
matician, another the civilian, another the polemical 
divine (one or more if need be), another the practical 
and casuistical divine, another well versed in all 
parts of learning: and that each of these employ 



APPENDIX, 179 

themselves (when occasion shall require^ and the 
trustees reasonably desire) in such works as shall be 
useful and necessary : and that they have such allow- 
ances as the trustees shall judge fit, and as the ex- 
cellency of their parts and the nature of their work 
shall require. Or, if it be not thought expedient 
to maintain persons constantly for each of these, 
that any person or persons be employed in any 
work which shall appear to be of great concern- 
ment and usefulness to the public good, and for 
which he or they are eminently fit, who shall have 
such encouragement as the trustees shall judge con- 
venient. And to the end abuses may be prevented, 
it is resolved, that no money be disposed of by the 
trustees to any work, but such as eight of the trus- 
tees at least (being all scholars) and two at least of 
the trustees in each university, shall under their 
hands declare that they judge to be such a work. 
And also that it be approved at a meeting of the 
trustees in London. 



CHAPTEE X. 

Of the encouragement of Foreigners, and promotion 
of the Gospel abroad, 

§ I. And because there is a great desire in many 
foreign persons to leam the English tongue, that so 
they may understand our English divines, and be 
the more able to preach practically and powerfully 
to their people, which may much further the work 
of conversion and edification in foreign places ; if it 

12-2 



180 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON, 

shall please any to contribute any sum or sums to 
this end, and with this desire; it shall be faithfully 
employed to that purpose, viz. to the maintenance 
of such foreigners, as being poor, are and shall 
appear to be most eminent for parts and learning 
and piety, who shall be maintained in London or 
one of the universities, as shall be judged most ex- 
pedient, for so long time as shall suffice for the fore- 
mentioned ends. 

Finis. 



THE NAMES OF THE TRUSTEES. 
Christoph. Lord Pack Theo. Biddulph, Esq. 



Robert L. Tichburne 
Sir Thomas Andrews 
Sir Thomas Foot 
Sir Thomas Yiner 
Maj.-Gen. Brown 
Alderman Frederick 
Alderman Allen 
Alderman Tompson 
Alderman Milner 
Alderman Laurence 
Alderman Higginson 
Alderman Warner 
Alderman Love 
Andrew Ricard, Esq. 
Colonel Gower 
Tho. Bromfield, Esq. 
Tho. Arnold, Esq. 

[^ Brinsley in 



Walter Boothby, Esq. 
Will. Pennoyer, Esq. 
Walter Bigg, Esq. 
Martin Noel, Esq. 
Maurice Tomson, Esq. 
Dr. Thomas Cox 
Deputy Johnson 
Mr. John Jurian 
Mr. Henry Spurstow 
Mr. Maskal 
Mr. Keate 

Mr. Nath. Barnardiston 
Mr. Yalent. Wanley 
Captain Story 
Mr. Brinley ^ 
Mr Crumlum 
Mr. Bathurst 
the earlier edition.] 



APPENDIX, 181 

MINISTERS. 

DocTOK Eeinolds Mr. Manton 

Doctor Spurstow Mr. Jenkins 

Mr. Ash Mr. Griffith 

Mr. Caryll Mr. Watson 

Mr. Calamy Mr. Lye 

Mr. Jackson, Sen. Mr. Jacomb, Sen. 

Mr. Case Mr. Jacomb, Jun. 

Mr. Slater Mr. Bates 

Mr. Clarke Mr. Poole 

Mr, Cooper Mr. Whitaker 

Mr. Arthur Mr. Woodcock 

Mr. Tayler Mr. Vinck. 

A word to the rich, that desire to give up their 
account with comfort 

Suffer, I beseech you, one word of exhortation, 
and with attention read a few lines which may be 
of everlasting concernment to you. I will suppose 
I speak not to atheists, but to such as are possest 
with a belief of an eternal estate of infinite happi- 
ness or misery : not to fools, but to wise men who 
would not wilfully neglect anything, which is neces- 
sary to secure them from the wrath to come. It is 
also notoriously known, that the wilful continuance 
in the neglect of any one evident duty, or the com- 
mission of any manifest sin is sufficient to entitle a 
man to damnation, notwithstanding any professions 
of religion or practices whatsoever : you cannot but 
know that many perish eternally, not for any gross 



182 LIFE OF i¥. ROBINSON, 

wickedness visible to the world, but for sly and 
secret and unobserved omission sins, and that these 
are the only sins which our Saviour forms a process 
against in that famous representation of the last 
judgement, Matt. xxv. And amongst those duties 
which men are most prone to neglect, are those 
which are difficult and costly and troublesome, 
which made Christ pronounce it so hard for a rich 
man to enter into the kingdom of heaven: and 
therefore you that are rich had need double your 
diligence to make your calling and election sure. 
And truly it is an unspeakable happiness (if the 
Lord give you hearts to consider it) that your riches 
wisely managed, may afford you a special and emi- 
nent evidence and assurance of God's love, and your 
own future happiness; forasmuch as if you freely 
lay out those riches that God hath graciously given 
you, for His glory and the Church's good, it may be 
a notable and sound discovery of a lively faith, 
(which can part with present comforts in hopes of 
those future and unseen consolations) a fervent love 
to God and the brethren, a resolution to part with 
all for Christ, and a serious and true desire of sal- 
vation : as on the other side, it is a token of perdi- 
tion, when a man's heart is glued to his riches, and 
the present evil world, when a man is so destitute 
of charity, that rather than part with his riches, he 
will suffer bodies and souls to perish, and the glory 
of God to be turned into shame; I beseech you 
therefore by the bowels of God have compassion 
upon your immortal souls, make you friends of the 



APPEFDIX. 183 

mammon of umrighteousness, throw not yourselves 
overboard to preserve your riches, from which you 
can expect no other requital, but this, that the rust of 
them shall rise up in judgement against you at the 
last day : and this duty I may the more boldly ex- 
hort you to, because, if you make use of your reason, 
you will find the performance of it is no way disad- 
vantageous to you : for, as you will gain this excel- 
lent advantage, besides eternal salvation, that, that 
portion of your estates which you lay out for God, 
will be a means to sweeten and secure all the rest to 
you and your posterity, so, by the doing of it you will 
lose nothing of substance, seeing that is most true 
and evident by daily experience which our Saviour 
saith; that the comfort of a man's life consisteth 
not in the abundance of what he possesseth. For 
what are riches, but for use, without which a man's 
chest hath as much good by his riches as he ; and 
how can a man use them, but for his pleasure or 
credit, or posterity, or the like? and who knows 
not that many discreet men of competent estates 
between want and affluence enjoy more real pleasure 
in their estates, than they that have ten times a 
larger portion ? and if a man look to his credit, let 
any impartial man judge, whether it more advanceth 
a man's reputation, sordidly to hoard up his riches 
to the dishonour of religion,, his own shame and 
contemjpt (whereby he lives lamented, and dies 
desired), or generously to lay them out in such ways 
as not only procure him favour with God, but 
respect from men here, and at last a crown of glory 



184 LIFE OF if. ROBIFSOF, 

that fades not away? and if a man aims at posterity 
methinks this city hath afforded sufficient experi- 
ments to convince any ingenuous man, that the 
leaving of vast estates to children, doth commonly 
betray them not only to the greatest wickednesses, 
but also to manifold miseries, which they that carry 
their sails lower, and whose estates are nearer the 
golden mediocrity are preserved from : I may add 
to all this, that divers of you in this city may say 
with Jacob, With my staff I came over Jordan, and 
now God hath made me two bands. That God that 
hath brought down others, hath exalted you, that 
God that hath impoverished others, hath enriched 
you, and therefore, if others owe their thousands to 
God, surely you owe your ten thousands. Kemem- 
ber, I beseech you, that hand that gave you your 
estates, can recall them when he pleaseth, and if you 
deny him the interest, he can revoke the principal. 
Remember you will not always have such opportuni- 
ties : ere long you and the poorest wretch must be 
upon the same terms, now you have an advantage 
over them, and a means to do God more special 
service: I shall trouble you no further, but only 
this, lay out your estates, but do it freely, not 
grudgingly, do it liberally, not sparingly: I shall 
not here determine that question, whether God 
expects a tenth part of your estates to be employed 
in His service, and for public good. But thus much 
I may safely say, that where God sows liberally. He 
expects to reap liberally. And as God's ministra- 
tion to us under the Gospel doth exceed the legal 



APPENDIX, 185 

ministration, so I know no reason why our minis- 
tration to God from our superfluities should not 
exceed theirs under the law : and however men can 
easily deceive themselves here in things which con- 
cern their profit, yet I doubt not when men shall at 
last come to make a review of all their actions, their 
consciences will justly condemn them, not only for 
the total neglect of such duties, but also for the not 
doing of them in a fit and full proportion : for this 
particular occasion, I shall say nothing more than 
what is said in the preface, and in these other an- 
nexed papers : consider what hath been said, and 
remember it comes from one whose design is not 
his own profit, (nor to lay a yoke upon you which 
he will not take upon his own shoulders), but merely 
that God may be glorified, and that, at that last 
day, fruit may abound to your account. 

Matthew Poole. 



An Answer to some Objections which may he raised 
against this work. 

Object, I. This design is needless: universities 
are for this purpose. What is all that means given 
there for, but to fit men for the ministry? 

Answ, I, So great is the scarcity of able and 
godly ministers in the nation, comparatively to the 
many places which are destitute of such (as all 
judicious persons observe) that it is a vain thing to 
expect a supply of the Church's necessities in an 
ordinary way : we see by experience, that although 



186 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON-. 

of late years tlie universities have sent forth, divers 
very hopeful persons into the ministry, and although 
besides the ordinary allowances for students there, 
divers exhibitions have been allowed by well-willers 
to religion and learning, yet, all this notwithstand- 
ing, <there is still a great famine of the word in 
divers places; especially in Ireland, Wales, &c. 
which are not so likely to be supplied, and which 
are here in a special manner provided for. 

Answ. 2. The main design of this. model is not 
barely to send forth ministers, but to endeavour to 
send forth eminent ministers; and whereas univer- 
sities are and must needs be (nor doth it in the least 
reflect disparagement upon them) like lotteries, 
whither students of all sorts come, some of good 
parts, and some of mean parts, and from whence 
(through the negligence of students, and their for- 
wardness in entering into the ministry) divers come 
into the ministry much unfurnished, to the grief 
and scandal of their university governors; here is 
a more certain course, care being taken, i. To select 
choice wits. 2. To oblige them to a suf&cient con- 
tinuance, as also to extraordinary diligence. 

Object. 2. Good designs are generally perverted 
and abused to other ends than they were intended, 
and so will this in all probability degenerate into 
a business of faction and partiality, and favour and 
friendship. 

Answ. I. "We can neither foresee nor prevent all 
possible^ abuses, and much less all jealous surmises; 
but thus much is plain, that we are to do our duty, 



APPENDIX, 187 

and to refer events to God's providence ; and how- 
ever men's benevolences may be abused bereaffcer, 
contrary to their desires and intentions, yet God 
will accept of their sincere ends, and no less reward 
them than if they had been never so religiously 
used. 

2. Here is abundant care taken to prevent par- 
tiality: the execution of it is committed to divers 
persons of different persuasions, of known integrity, 
wisdom and godliness; and care is also taken that 
when any die, there be a substitution of such other 
men in their places, and the trustees are engaged, 
not only by their promise, but by their judgements 
and interest to chuse such men as themselves. 

3. The feoffees, as they now are, so they will for 
ever be obliged to manage this business with all 
impartiality for the encouragement of lads of all 
parties (provided they be true to the interests of 
learning and real piety) not only because they are 
conscientiously engaged to it, but also, because their 
interest and the advancement of the work will 
constantly oblige them to it, seeing if once partiality 
be observed in it, it will not only reflect upon the 
trustees, but also bring the whole business into 
disrepute. 

4. This objection strikes at all lasting good 
works, for how can a man settle anything for any 
good work, but it may be abused? so that the effect 
of this objection should be not to prevent the doing 
of good works, but to make men cautelous how to do 
them in as safe a way as may be. 



188 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

Object 3. It is better for a man to see witli Ms 
own eyes^ and to do witli his own hands. 

Answ. I. But then there is one doubt whether 
he can get any to put in good security that he shall 
enjoy his eyes and hands for ever, or else (if he be 
able and willing to settle something for ever) it 
must come into other men's hands, and therefore it 
is better to commit it to other men's hands while 
he lives, and may observe how they use it, than to 
commit it to them after his decease, of whom he 
had not experience in that kind. 

2. For the generality of contributors to such 
works it may be said without arrogancy, it is likely 
to be far better managed by a conjunction of heads 
and hands of wise, and honest, and learned men 
for the glory of God, and the good of the Church, 
than can be expected from one man. 

Plus vident oculi quam oculus, and as those 
small sprinklings of water which signify little when 
they are asunder, being united together into one 
river are very considerable and effectual to divers 
excellent uses; so those contributions which being 
managed singly and dividedly are not so eminently 
useful, when they are united together, prove of 
great influence for a general good : and moreover, 
he that contributes in such a common way as this, 
doth, not only an excellent piece of service himself, 
but also draws others along with him. 

For those gentlemen or others in the country 
who shall be pleased to contribute, although we 
shall wholly leave them to themselves to give what 



APPENDIX. 189 

they please, and in what way they please, and shall 
thankfully accept anything given upon any terms, 
nor do we desire this business should be burthen- 
some to any, yet we humbly offer to their consider- 
ation, that it will be a most excellent service, and 
most rarely useful for any (who can do it) to settle 
what they give, for ever, though it be in a less pro- 
portion, both because it is in itself likely to bring 
forth more fruit, and because it will be a good en- 
couragement to others to contribute when they see 
a solid foundation laid which is likely to continue : 
and we hope they will not think it a wrong to their 
children to alienate some small proportion from them 
to the more immediate service of God, but rather a 
special means to procure a blessing from God upon 
the rest of their estates both to them and to their 
posterity. 

If it shall please God to put it into the mind of 
any to contribute, if they signify their desires to any 
of the trustees, especially to any of the ministers, 
they may receive further information and direction 
as to any of the particulars. 

A Testimonial from some Oxford Doctors, 

The great usefulness of human learning and uni- 
versity education for the ministers of the Gospel hath 
been abundantly evidenced, both from the power- 
ful and happy influence of ministers so qualified, in 
the reformation of religion, from the bondage and 
darkness of popery, and also from the miserable 



190 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

consequence of tlie want and neglect thereof in 
persons undertaking the work of the ministry : 
besides those more noble infusions of grace, there 
are two things of great necessity for the profitable 
discharge of the ministerial work; to wit, a suffici- 
ency of natural endowments, and acquired abilities. 
And it is the conjunction of these which throughly 
furnish the man of God unto every good work. 
We cannot therefore but exceedingly approve of, 
and heartily bless God for that late design under- 
taken, and so considerably carried on through God's 
blessing by divers persons, for the encouragement of 
poor scholars of gi^eatest abilities and piety in the 
universities : the rather, because we have frequently, 
with sad hearts, observed the miscarriage of persons 
of gTcat hopes and eminent parts, through want of 
those means and helps which are necessary : and we 
heartily recommend it unto all the lovers of learning 
and universities, as that which (by God's blessing) 
is likely to prove of singular use, for the quickening 
of diligence, and provoking of emulation, and the 
growth of knowledge and piety : nor do we know 
how any, whom God hath enriched with talents for 
such a service, can lay them out to better advantage, 
than in such a way as this : and for the better en- 
couragement of those whose hearts God shall incline 
to this pious work, we, whose names are here under- 
written, having knowledge of divers of the trustees, 
and having had experience of the management 
thereof, hold ourselves bound in justice to give this 
testimony unto those gentlemen, to whose trust it 



APPENDIX. ' 191 

is committed; that to the best of our observation, 
it bath been faithfully discharged according to the 
real worth of persons, without respect to parties: 
and it. is sufficiently known, that there are divers 
students already chosen by them in the universities, 
who are persons of singular abilities, and of pious 
inclinations, whose poverty had exposed them to 
many inconveniences, and deprived the Church of 
that great benefit (which we comfortably hope for 
from them) if they had not been relieved by such sea- 
sonable succours. And we are further confidently 
persuaded, that as it hath been for the time past, 
so it will be for the future, the care of the trustees, 
to discharge that trust reposed in them, with all 
fidelity and conformably to their proposals and 
declarations. 

Edmund Stauntok, D.D. 
John Wallis, D.D. 
Dan. Greenwood, D.D. 
Hen. Langley, D.D. 
Seth Ward, SS.T.D. 
Joshua Cross, LL.D. 
Thomas Barlow, C.E.P. 
Hen. Hickman. 



A Testimonial from some Camhridge Doctors and 

others. 

As we cannot but sadly resent and lay to heart 
the many and great mischiefs, which have befallen 
the Church of God, through the miscarriage of such 



192 LIFE OF M, ROBIFSON. 

as being crude and unfurnished for ^o weighty an. 
undertaking, have engaged themselves in the work 
of the ministry : so we cannot but impute them in 
a great measure to the want of means for subsistence 
at the universities ; whereby such persons have been 
untimely taken from those breasts and fountains, 
whence by a continued use of the helps there af- 
forded, they might have been stored with sound 
and well- digested knowledge, and thereby have not 
only prevented those difficulties and temptations, 
which their own ungroundedness doth often expose 
them to, but also become eminently serviceable in 
the Church of Christ : the consideration whereof 
affords us abundant occasion of blessing and 
praising God, for His goodness to His Church, 
as in continuing these schools of learning, hereto- 
fore founded and established, so also in these late 
supplies by men of public spirits conferred in way 
of exhibition, for the further encouragement and 
support of hopeful students in the universities. 
Which good and pious design we do with thankful- 
ness rejoice to see so far already put in execution, 
as that divers hopeful plants are thereby refreshed 
and made to flourish in these fruitful nurseries, 
who else for want of so seasonable a supply, might 
soon have been withered and parched up, or con- 
strained to an unseasonable remove, to their own 
and the Church's exceeding prejudice and disad- 
vantage. 

But although there be a considerable number 
already chosen, and made participants of this 



APPENDIX. 193 

beneficence^ yet are there also many others still 
among ns, truly deserving and really needing the 
like encouragement ; which we doubt not but many 
will be the more ready and willing to promote, 
when they shall together with us observe these 
hopeful beginnings, which promise (through the 
blessing of God upon them) a plentiful harvest to 
be reaped in due season. For we can truly testify 
that (according to the best of our observation) this 
matter hath been hitherto managed, and the elec- 
tion of scholars made according to their parts, piety 
and poverty, with much faithfulness and imparti- 
ality; as we hope also it will be carried on for the 
time to come. 

Anthony Tuckney. 
Tho. Horton. 
Eenj. Whitchcot. 
Lazarus Seaman. 
Ealph Cudworth. 
William Dillingham. 
Thomas Woodcocke. 
Joseph Hill. 
John Stillingfleet. 

If it shall please any to settle something for 
ever, they may conveniently do it in this way which 
hath been propounded to, and approved by skilful 
lawyers. They may single out three or four of the 
trustees whom they can most confide in, and make 
them special trustees, and when any one of them 

13 



194 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

dies, appoint the otlaer three to chuse another in 
his place, and may make all the rest of the trustees 
overseers, and in case those four trustees fail, that 
then it shall fall to all the rest of the trustees, and 
in case they fail, then it shall fall to any college or 
company (whom the donor shall please to nominate) 
to be disposed of, according to the model : and in 
case it be perverted or alienated to any other use, 
then ifc revert to his heirs, &c. 



An Advertisement, 

Whereas it hath been suggested by divers and 
was supposed by some of the trustees, that the 
present settlement of this trust was not legal (not 
being by way of corporation) nor perpetual, it was 
agreed by the trustees that some very able lawyers 
should be advised with ; which accordingly was done, 
and the result of their discourse was this : That there 
were two ways for the settling of such a trust, fre- 
quently practised among us, and both unquestion- 
ably legal; the one by way of corporation, the 
other by way of feofment, in which latter way we 
are for the present settled, and in which way some 
hospitals, &c. are settled. This being an undoubted 
principle in law and reason, that it is lawful for any 
man to give what he will, to whom he will, for what 
uses he will, unless it be to an use prohibited by 
law, such as this is. confessed not to be. 



APPENDIX. 195 



An Account of the Scholars already chosen. 

In order to the practice of the things proposed 
in the model, three of the trustees, to wit, Mr. 
Manton, Mr. Thomas Jacomb, and Mr. Poole 
were by the rest of the trustees sent to the two 
universities, to ad^dse with the doctors the trustees 
there, and to settle the business, which was done, 
and divers persons of known ability and fidelity 
were desired, and did willingly consent to take 
upon them the business of examination of all such 
poor scholars as did propose themselves to trial : 
upon which, divers persons of great hopes were 
then and have been since examined : and out of 
them, such as gave the best satisfaction for parts 
and learning, and had the best report for piety, 
were selected: and two and twenty are already 
chosen in each university; it being resolved to 
carry an equal respect to both universities: of 
whom some were through necessity already gone 
from the university, and now to their great com- 
fort, and (we hope) the Church's great good, are 
settled again : others were about to leave it, others 
forced much to discontinue, and all much discouraged 
and prejudiced by those pressing wants ^nd difficul- 
ties they were overwhelm. ed with. 

Fixis. 



13—^ 



196 LIFE OF M. ROBINSOR. 




Ralph Widdrington, brother of sir Thomas 
(speaker) Widdringtou (for whom see Wood's Ath, 
Ox. iii. 66 1 and Chalmers) was born at Stanford- 
ham in Northumberland {Schedule after will, below). 
He was a fellow of Christ's college, and filled many- 
offices in the university; taxor 1647, orator 1650 
{infra i.), Greek professor 1654, lady Margaret's 
preacher 1664 (ii.), Lady Margaret's professor 167! 
(March 4, Baker's catalogue of Margaret professors, 
after Fisher's Funeral Sermon (ed. Hymers), 79 : see 
Duport's congratulation on this appointment, Sylvce^ 
389). He was one of the first to sign the engagement 
A.D. 1650 (iii.), was created D.D. Sept. 5, 1660 (Ken- 
nett's Reg. and Chron. 251), and presented to the 
rectory of Thorp Febr. 6, i66y, by the dean and 
chapter of Lincoln (Kennett. ibid. 375). His brother 
fellows, to whom, especially to Cudworth, he had 
long been obnoxious (iv.), ejected him from his fellow- 
ship in 1 66 1, but he was restored upon appeal (Ken- 
nett, 552), and retained his fellowship (or at least 
resided in college) till his death. His will (v.) was 
proved in the prerogative court August 2, 1689. 
He must have been a college acquaintance of 
Milton's, whose Lycidas first appeared in the same 
volume as a Latin poem of Widdrington's. 

He has Greek elegiac and Latin hexameter 
verses (signed R. Widdrington, A.B. CoU. Christi) 



APPENDIX. 197 

in Sui/wS/a, sive Musarum Cantahrigiensium con- 
centus et congratulatio ad serenissimum Britannia- 
rum Regem Carolum, de quinta Sobole, clarissima 
Principe, sihi nuper felicissime nata. Ex AcademicB 
Gantahrigiensis Typographeo, Anno Bom. 1637. 
(Sign. E 2) ; and other copies in the collection pub- 
lished an. 1638 in memory of Edward King (Lyci- 
das), before Duport's Homeri Gnomologia (Cambr. 
1660. 4to), in Academics Cant. 'Zwa-Tpa (congratu- 
lating Charles on the restoration), in Threni Canto- 
brigienses in funere duorum principum, Henrici 
Glocestrensis et Marice Arausionensis, Serenissimi 
Begis Caroli II. Fratris et Sororis. Cantabrigise, 
Field. 1 66 1. (Sign. C), in Epithalamia Cantahri- 
giensia in Nuptias Auspicatissimas Serenissimi 
Begis Caroli II. . . . Cantahrigiw, Field. 1662. (Sign. 
B3, vers.), in Hymenceus Cantahrigiensis. Canta- 
hrigice, ex Officina Johannis Hayes. A.B. 1683. 
(Sign. C), and two extravagantly adulatory copies 
of elegiacs in " Moestissimce ac Lcetissimce academic 
Cantahrigiensis affectus, Decedente carolo ii. 
Succedente jacobo ii. regibus Augustissimis Sere- 
nissimis Clementissimisque. CANTABBIGIjE, Ex 
Officina Joan". Hayes, Celeberrimae Academiae 
Typographi. i68|. 4to." A letter of his to Basire 
(Christ's coll. Sept. 30, 1675) is printed in the Life 
and Correspondence of Isaac Basire (London, 1831), 
309, 310, and a letter from Sancrofb to him in Cary's 
Memorials, ii. 40. Sancrofb calls him "my most 
worthy and honoured friend" (Ibid. 52). 



198 LIFE OF M, EOBIXSOF. 

i. Baker's MSS. xxv. 192. 

"Oct. 24. 1650. At tlie committee for refor- 
mation of tlie university. 

WLeareas the visitors of tlie university of Cam- 
bridge among other persons have returned Mr. 
MoUe Fellow and Yiceprovost of King's College, 
and also University Orator of the said University, 
not to have subscribed the engagement-; and that 
upon summons siththence sent from this Committee 
for the said MoUe to make it appear that he had 
taken the engagement, as by the late Act of Parlia- 
ment for that purpose is made and provided, the 
said MoUe did neglect to make his appearance to 
answer the premisses : Whereupon this Committee 
did declare that by virtue of the said Act the 
places and offices held by the said Molle in the said 
university were become void : And w^hereas by order 
of Parliament this Committee is empowered and 
required to supply all such places so void by the 
said Act : This Committee being informed of the 
fitness of Mr. Palph Widdrington Fellow of Christ's 
College in Cambridge for the said place of Uni- 
versity Orator, do order that the said Widdrington 
be University Orator in the room and place of the 
said Molle, void as abovesaid ; and that the said 
Widdrington be henceforth deemed and taken 
University Orator of the said University to all 
intents and purposes, and receive all profits and 
privileges for the executing of the said place, as 
fully as the said Molle did, or ought to have done. 



APPENDIX, 199 

And all members of the University are hereby- 
required to take notice hereof. 

Hen. Darley. 

Lect. in domo Regentinm in plena Congrega- 
tione per D''^"^ Horton Procan. 2 Nov. 1650. 



Sir, 

The Committee by their order of the 24th 
instant appointed Mr. Ralph Widdrington Fellow 
of Christ College in Cambridge in the place of Mr» 
Molle University Orator. The Order for his con- 
stituting him therein is already sent to him, and I 
do now signify this unto you, that he may be ad- 
mitted therein, according to the orders and statutes 
of the University, at the next Congregation. The 
Committee have ordered me this day to write this 
letter to you, and require you to call a Convocation 
or Congregation for his actual admittance therein, 
and to give them account of the execution thereof 
by Thursday next. 

Your Affectionate Friend 

Hen. Darly. 

Westminster 31 Oct. 1650. 

To my worthy Friend Dr. Horton Yicechan. of 
the University of Cambridge. 

Lect. eodem die in Domo prsedicta per Doctorem 
Horton preed." 



200 LIFE OF M. ROBINSOF. 

In Baker xxxiii. 457 "out of a letter dated 
Nov. 20, 1650," we read, 

"Mr. Widdrington is admitted Orator of the 
University, and had a peremptory order (without his 
eyther procuring, or soe much as knowledg) sent 
dowen to that purpose, from the committee above 
to the Vicech. Dr. Wh[ichcot]." 

ii. "April 27. 1676. Ego Kadulphus Widdrington, 
S. T. D., Prsedicatoris in Academia Cantab. Mar- 
garetani Provinciam in manus Rev. D. Procancel- 
larii, reliquorumque D. D. electorum humillime 
reddo, petoque supplex, ut munus illud (quod 
honori mihi ductum fuit hactenus) in alium dein- 
ceps ex sententia Illustriss. Fundatricis pro arbitrio 
prsedictorum D.D. electorum transferatur. 

Eadulphus Widdrington. 

Ita testor Matth. Whinn. Not. Pub." Baker's 
MSS. xxxi. 265. 

He succeeded Duport as Margaret Preacher in 
1664 (Grad. Cant), 

iii. S. Dillingham writes to Sancroft (Eman. 
Dec. 1650): "Mr. Widdrington, More junior, and 
NichoUs, of that [Christ's] college, did the like, and 
indeed were the first that led." Cary's Memorials^ 
ii. 246. 

iv. " Mr. Fuller of Christ's told me very freely 
the temper of Mr. Widdrington, how he did oppose 



APPENDIX, 201 

all tlie fellows in tlie college, and feared it would 
be little to my brother's advantage to be his pupil. 
Feb. 21. i6f§. My father brother and I to Mr. 
Widdrington at Christ's college, who received us 
very civilly and caused my brother to be admitted. 
Feb. 23. 16^ 26th (Sunday). To Mr. Widdring- 
ton's to dinner, where he used us veiy courteously. 
My father did shew me a letter from my brother 
John, wherein he tells us that he is chosen scholar 
of the house, which do please me much, because I 
do perceive now it must chiefly come from his 
merit, and not the power of his tutor Dr. Wid- 
drington, who is now quite out of interest there, 
and hath put over his pupils to Mr. Pepper, a 
young fellow of that college. Feb. 27. i66x." 
Pepys' Diary, 

"And if he should violate friendship in this 
kind, it would more afilict me than all that Dr. 
Widdrington ever did, and make me sick of Christ's 
college." Cudworth to Worthington Jan. i66|. 
Worthington's Diary, ii, 160. 

V. Baker's MSS. xxvi. 272. 

" In the name of God Amen. I Ralph Wid- 
drington, of Christ's college in Cambridge and the 
lady Margaret's reader of divinity in the uni- 
versity, do make and ordain this my last will and 
testament, thereby revoking all former wills at any 
time heretofore by me made. 

First therefore it is my will that within a year 
after my death my library in the college should be 



202 LIFE OF M. EOBINSOF. 

sold by my executors, and the price thereof (added 
to what I leave in ready money goods plate or 
debts) be laid out and bestowed in the purchase of 
an inheritance or rent-charge for ever. It is also 
my will, that (after the death of my nephews, 
Kalph Widdrington esq. of Cheesthum Grange, 
Henry Widdrington esq. of Hertford, and Henry 
"Widdrington his son) the said inheritance or rent- 
charge for ever shall (by good and sufficient as- 
surance in the law) be by my said executors con- 
veyed unto, and in my name for ever settled upon, 
the master fellows and scholars of Christ's college 
(foui^ded named endowed and established by the 
lady Margaret, countess of Richmond and Derby, 
and her statutable successors) without any inter- 
mixture of any other after foundation, if so be they 
continue (as they are at present) stedfast in the 
doctrine and profession of religion, as it stands yet 
established by law in the church of England. 
Otherwise it is my will, that the said inheritance 
or rent-charge shall for ever descend to Ralph 
Widdrington esq. of Chesthum Grange in Noi'thum- 
berland, the son of my brother sir Henry Wid- 
drington, to the heir male of his body lawfully 
begotten. Now because in this settlement I do 
what I do for the honour of God the renown of 
the lady Margaret and the furtherance of some poor 
students in the college, I presume very much upon 
the integrity of the lady Margaret's foundation. 

My will in the next place is, that from and 
after the determination of the lives of the said 



APPENDIX. 203 

Ealph Widdrington, Henry Widdrington tte father 
and Henry Widdrington the son, the said inheri- 
tance or rent-charge shall come continue and re- 
main for ever to the said master fellows and scho- 
lars and their statutable successors, upon further 
special trust and confidence in them and their 
integrity to dispose of disburse and distribute yearly 
such portion of the whole as I shall particularly 
determine limit and appoint in a schedule hereunto 
annexed and attested under the hands of three 
witnesses. 

Moreover it is my will that my said nephews 
Ralph, Henry the father and Henry the son, shall 
(within three years after my death) well and truly 
pay or cause to be paid the full sum of two hun- 
dred pounds of lawful money of England to my 
niece Ursula countess of Plymouth and the only 
surviving daughter of my brother sir Thomas Wid- 
drington. 

It is my will that, as soon as the said two 
hundred pounds is paid to my niece Plymouth and 
other legacies are also paid, that the yearly rents 
perquisites profits and income of the said whole 
inheritance shall be divided equally between my 
nephew [s] Ralph and Henry the father, whilst both 
of them live, but after the death of either of them 
Henry Widdrington the son for his life shall suc- 
ceed and enjoy a moiety only of the whole during 
the life of his father or uncle, but all and entirely 
to himself as soon as they are both dead. To 
Mr. Thomas Lynford rector [of] K. Edmund's in 



204 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

Gracious Street^ London, I give my scarlet gown 
and robes and hood together with Kobert Stephens' 
Greek Testament in folio, which was the legacy left 
to me by his uncle my pupil Mr. Edward Bain- 
bridge. 

To the poor of St. Andrew's parish I give the 
sum of J65. To Mr. William Baron of Cambridge I 
give the sum of £10. To the master and fellows and 
scholars of Christ's college (after the death of my 
nephew Henry Widdrington, to whom I give it 
while he liveth) I give my little house, wliich is a 
copy at Eordham, together with all thereto belong- 
ing except books pewter and bedding. To the col- 
lege servants I give the sum of £3 to be divided 
among them equally. To my sizar Thomas Randal 
I give the sum of J65. To my nephew Patricius 
Widdrington I give my better chariot. To my ne- 
phew Christopher Peppes I give my pocket watch 
with a silver case made by Benjamin Hill. To my 
niece Mary Widdrington of Hertford I give my 
Dutch cabinet emptied, and therewithal all my 
pewter brass and iron in the house at Fordham. To 
my said nephews Ralph and Henry Widdrington I 
give all the pictures that hang in my chambers in 
the college or anywhere else. And I do hereby 
make appoint and constitute them two the said 
Ralph and the said Henry, executors of this my last 
will and testament, which I declare to be so, and 
thereto set my hand and seal this nineteenth day of 
March in the year 168 J. Be it known also, that 
to my pupil John Willis of Ditton esq. I give my 



APPEFDIX. 205 

large pendulum clock, which stands in my chamber 
in the college, and to his daughter Ann I give my 
watch Aspenwall with a case of new French twis- 
sers. And I make (if he pleaseth) the said John 
Willis esq. overseer of this my last will and testa- 
ment, by which I give £5 to my cousin Cuthbert 
Fenwick the Durham scholar, and £5 also to Mr. 
John Banes cook of the college. Signed sealed pub- 
lished and declared to be my last will and testament 
in the presence of Edward Collett,. John Randall, 
Nathaniel Disbrow. 

The schedule annexed. 
Be it known that I Ealph Widdrington, having 
made my last will and testament bearing date the 
nineteenth day of March in the year of our Lord 
i68|-, among other things therein contained have 
willed an inheritance or rentcharge for ever to be 
purchased by my executors and (after the death of 
my three nephews Ralph Widdrington esq. of Ches- 
thum Grange, Henry Widdrington esq. of Hertford 
and his son Henry Widdrington) conveyed unto 
and for ever settled upon the master fellows and 
scholars of Christ's college in Cambridge of the lady 
Margaret's foundation only and their statutable suc- 
cessors for the true performance of certain trusts 
intents and purposes therein mentioned. Now by 
this codicil I do confirm my said last will and be- 
sides declare it my further mind and will, that 
(from and after the death of all my three nephews 
Ralph Widdrington, Henry Widdrington the father 



206 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

and Henry Widclrington the son) the full and whole 
revenue and profits of the said inheritance or rent- 
charge shall appertain and for ever be paid to the 
said master fellows and scholars and their statutable 
successors, as owners and rightly (though in trust) 
possessed of the said estate. And then my mind 
and will is, that the said master and four of the 
senior fellows, according to admission, of the lady 
Margaret's original number, in the name of the 
whole society, shall impartially every year once (af- 
ter an examination) elect make choice of and nomi- 
nate four of the lady Margaret's scholars, out of the 
whole number, whom in their conscience they find 
and judge at that time to be the most pregnant and 
promising of all the rest and best grounded in Greek 
and Latin, and approved to be so in the judgement 
of the lady Margaret's professor and the public ora- 
tor of the university for the time being under their 
hands. For the better encouragement of the said 
scholars elected and approved as aforesaid I appoint 
the sum of twenty pounds a year to be paid by 
the said master to and in equal portions divided 
among the said four, but for one year only, unless 
all the four so demean themselves, as for their 
growth in learning and virtue to be judged by the 
said electors and approved fit and worthy to be fur- 
ther continued every one in his place. But as soon 
as all or any one of the four doth or may commence 
master in arts, then my will is, that his exhibition 
shall be no longer continued unto him or them, but 
transferred upon another or others to be elected and 



APPENDIX, 207 

approved as formerly. Moreover my will is tliat out 
of the said inheritance the said master shall yearly 
pay the sum of five pounds per annum for ever to 
the bailiffs of the corporation of Morpeth for the 
benefit of the free school there, and likewise the 
sum of JiYQ pounds more to the said bailiffs to be 
yearly distributed among the poor of Stanfordham 
parish in Northumberland, where I was born. It is 
also my will, that out of my gift the yearly sum of 
ten pounds shall be paid by the said master to the 
said four senior fellows of the lady Margaret's foun- 
dation, to mend their commons in the hall. When 
the lady Margaret's professor and the public orator 
vouchsafe to come to the college to approve, my 
mind is that they shall be civilly treated by the 
master and four senior fellows: provided that the 
charge exceeds not the sum of forty shillings in any 
one year. 

Lastly my will is, that (the foresaid uses being 
once served) all the remains of the yearly revenue, 
which I gave, shall be thrown in and added to the 
common dividend, and so divided among the master 
and fellows of the lady Margaret's foundation only ; 
provided that the said foundation continueth sted- 
fast in the profession of the Protestant religion ^, as 



^ See a similar proviso in the will of Dr. Dan. Williams 
(ob. Jan. 26, I7i#). ^'But if ever prelacy or popery should 
come to be established in North Britain, the aforesaid grant 
it is declared shall entirely and altogether become null." — 
Calamy, Cont. 985. Above, p. 57. 



208 LIFE OF M, ROBINSOR. 

it stands yet established by law in the doctrine and 
discipline of the Church of England. Otherwise it 
is my will that the whole income of my gift shall 
come and for ever remain to the heirs male of my 
nephews Ralph and Henry Widdrington. 

In witness hereof to this codicil (which I declare 
to be part of my last will and testament) I have set 
my hand and seal this twentieth day of March, in 
the fourth year of the reign of king James the 
second, annoque Domini i68f. 

Ralph Widdrington. 



Signed sealed and declared by the above-written 
'testator in the presence of Edward Collett, John 
Randall, Nathaniel Disbrow. 

Tenore presentium nos Johannes Covel S. T. P. 
Procan. &c. notum facimus omnibus <fec. quod deci- 
mo quarto die mensis Junii Anno Domini 1689 
coram nobis probatum fuit &c. testamentum cum 
codicillo Radulphi Widdrington S. T. D. et nuper, 
dum vixit, coll. Christi &c. socii defuncti &c. com- 
missaque fuit administratio &c. Radulpho Wid- 
drington et Henrico Widdrington executoribus &c. 

Mem^. I had not the original will, but only the will 
proved in the Prerogative Court, by which this copy was 
written and accordingly compared. Jacobus Holman Regr. 

[It is proved in the Prerogative August 2^. 1689]." 



Addenda. 

p. 7, 1. T. Cato, Proverbially the first book : 
e. g. "Learned ? He hath an arrogant spirit, he 
ean scarce construe Cato, I think." Parte of a 
Register, 383. 

p. 8, 1. antepen. height, hight, MS. Read 
highth. 

p. II, n. Upon the practice of c?^^m^ cf. "While 
I continued under this good man [Samuel Cradock, 
fellow of Emmanuel] I went through logic, natural 
and moral philosophy, and metaphysics. He read 
upon systems that were of his own extracting out of 
a variety of writers, and all the young gentlemen 
with him were obliged to copy them out for their 
own use, which they used to think a great drudgery. 
But I have sometimes thought, that the benefit 
that this had attending it was beyond the inconve- 
nience and damage." Calamy's Own Times, i. 132, 
133. Hagenbach Encyklop. d. theoiog. Wissenschaf- 
ten, ed. 4. p. 41, n. 3, cites Schleiermacher ( Ueher die 
Universitdten, p. 65 ; or as now printed in the first 
vol. of his philosophical works, p. 577) as an oppo- 
nent of dictation; and adds: "It is remarkable 
that the Jesuits in the i6th century were the chief 

14 



210 LIFE OF M, EOBINSOF, 

originators and propagators of dictation, tliongli tlie 
Jesuit Posse vin brings out excellently well its dis- 
advantages ; see his Bihlioth. sel, i. 26. The pietist ic 
school of Halle (Lange) were opposed to dictation, 
which was much in vogue among the Wolfians." 
p. 14, 1. 4. See Heylin's Hist Preshyt 470. 
p. 39, 1. 2. " After his [James'] death a bill was 
brought to the physicians to sign, that the ingre- 
dients of the julip and plasters were safe ; but most 
refused it, because they knew not whether the in- 
gredients mentioned in the bill were the same in 
the julip and plasters." Fuller's GL Hist. (ed. 
Brewer), v. 569, 570. 

" Go, take physic, doat upon 
Some big-nam'd composition, 
The oraculous doctor's mystic bills, 
Certain hard words made into pills." 

Crashaw's Verses in praise of Lessius, 
p. 40, n. I. Add the Wesleys. Southey (ed. 3), 
i. 52. 

p, 46, n. I, The question. May one drink 
healths ? is resolved by Baxter, Christian Ethics 
ch. 8, pt. 4, tit. 2, § 4. Southey {Common-place 
hook, Ser. i. 146, 496, 520) has collected many pas- 
sages which bear upon this subject. See too Fel- 
tham's Resolves^ 84 ad fin., Swinnock's Christian 
Man's Galling, 307, 308, and White's First Century 
of Scandalous, Malignant Priests, passim, especially 
John Hume's wish (p. 46) : " That he might be 
cursed by father mother and all his kin, that 
endeth one health and will not another begin." 



APPENDIX, 211 

p. 57, n. 3. " Your party [the Independents], 
who you call the confiding men, the well-afiected in 
the army, the godly men." Bastwick's Utter Rout- 
ing, 633. " Not sufiering any scholars to pass out 
of the town, unless some townsman of their tribe 
would promise for him that he was a conjider, as 
they call it." Querela Cantabr. (ed. 1647), 8. "A 
conventicling barber and a confiding tailor." Ibid. 

13- 

p. 68, n. 2. '-Brian Walton." Bather Geo. 

Hall, consecr. May 11, 1662. 

p. 73, n. I. Bead Burnand. 

p. 73, n. 2. The execution of church censures 
by lay chancellors was a standing grievance with 
the nonconformists. See the millenary petition in 
Fuller, Ch, Hist bk. x. sect, i, § 27, art. 4, Card- 
well's Docum. Ann. ii. 10, 1. 10 seq., 12, 1. 14 seq.. 
Hist. Conf. 172, 1. 20, 201, 1. 22 seq., 454, 1. 28. 

p. 74, n. 2. See the Troubles at Frankfort (ed. 
Petheram), 35 sq., Bancroft's ^^6r^'(xy of the Pretended 
Holy Discipline (Lond. 1593), 45. 

p. 80, 1. 8. His will. Extracted from the Be- 
gistry of the Prerogative Court of York. 

Etiam si me occiderit Deus in illo sperabo. 
Job xiii. 15. 

In the Name of God, Amen. T, Matthew 
Bobinson, late of Burniston in the county of York, 
clerk, being at this present infirm in body, but in 
perfect mind and memory (blessed be God), from a 
due sense of human frailties and my Christian duty 
in preparing for death in life by setting my heart 

14—2 



212 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

and house in order whenever my Lord shall call me, 
do make and declare this to be my last will and 
testament (revoking all other and former wills by 
me made) in manner and form following this twen- 
tieth day of August, in the fourth year of the reign 
of our sovereign lord and lady king William and 
queen Mary, and in the year of our Lord one thou- 
sand six himdred ninety-two. First I commit and 
commend my precious soul into Thine hands (O my 
Creator !), to be accepted, purged, and glorified 
through Thy more precious blood, satisfaction and in- 
tercession (O my dear Eedeemer), renouncing utterly 
all merit of mine own, and relying solely on Thy 
free grace and mercy, in the faith whereof I have 
lived and design to die, according to the truth of 
Thy holy scriptures and the doctrine of the reformed 
churches ; and as to my vile body I commit it to 
the earth (whence it was), to be decently interred 
without vain and pompous ceremonies in my parish- 
church of Burniston, in hopes of which (?) glori- 
ous resurrection unto life eternal. But as to my 
worldly estate, wherewith it hath pleased my boun- 
tiful Lord so richly to endue me not only beyond 
my own merits and deserts but my own desires 
and hopes, wonderfully succeeding all my under- 
takings, I do give and bequeath it as followeth : 
Imprimis, as concerning all my lands in Barden and 
Barden Dikes, in the parish of Hawkswell, I have 
by a late deed of settlement settled the same upon 
trustees to stand seized of the same for my own 
use during life ; and whereas by a writing made 



APPENDIX. 213 

before my marriage, I did in lieu of a marriage- 
portion of ,£800 to be received with her, engage to 
purchase lands of X 100 per annum, to be settled in 
jointure upon her in full satisfaction of all her 
right and title of dower ; now in discharge of that 
engagement and of my conjugal affection to my 
said wife, Jane E-obinson, and in full satisfaction of 
all her title of dower and thirds at the common 
law, or any other right to any part of my personal 
or real estate by any laws of this realm other than 
such jointure or legacies appointed to her by this 
my last will, I have by my above-mentioned deed 
after mine own decease appointed those my trustees 
to stand seized of those my lands of Barden and 
Barden Dikes, which are now of the value of £106 
per annum good rents, to the use of my said wife 
Jane Bobinson during her natural life only as a 
jointure for her, but upon this condition and with 
this proviso always, that she my said wife accept of 
the same provision so allotted in full satisfaction of 
all her title of dower thirds or any demand whatso- 
ever or claim to any other parts or parcels of my 
estate real or personal, and shall release all her pre- 
tended right to all other persons concerned in any 
other part of my estate. And in case my said 
beloved wife shall so accept and release as before 
within the space of two months next after my 
decease, and shall no way infringe the intendment of 
this my will, nor molest any persons as to any gift 
or legacy by me bequeathed, that then by way of 
recompence I do by this my will give unto my said 



214 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

wife all arrearages of rent due from all my tenants 
of Barden and Barden Dikes, which usually are 
considerable. And I do further give unto her (but 
still upon the above-mentioned condition and pro- 
viso) and unto her niece Mrs. Elizabeth Pomfrett 
of Bipley, all my household stuff yet unsold at 
Burniston or at Kipley, whether bedding, linen, 
woollen, pewter, chairs, and stools, with all my 
plate (not otherwise disposed of), to be equally 
divided between them. And I do yet further by 
this my will (but still upon the aforesaid condition 
and proviso) give unto my said wife a legacy of 
£ioo, and do also (under the same condition and 
proviso) order that my said wife may enjoy to her- 
self (without any let to be given her by my execu- 
tors) all such sums of monies as were left her by 
her mother lately deceased, or which she out of her 
frugal care hath saved, whether the same be in her 
own possession or put out in her own name, or in 
the name of any person in trust for her. But if 
my said wife Jane shall refuse to accept the said 
jointure and provision upon the said condition, and 
shall actually claim any share in my estate real or 
personal over and above what is before allotted her, 
then positively my will is, that my wife upon such 
refusal shall stand for ever debarred from the said 
intended jointure of Barden and Barden Dikes, 
and both she and her niece Pomfrett be debarred 
from all or any of the said intended legacies, and 
that the above said trustees shall thenceforth stand 
seized of all my lands in Barden and Barden Dikes, 



APPENDIX, 215 

to tlie use of my brother Leonard Robinson, cham- 
berlain of London, during his natural life, and after 
his decease to his son Thomas Kobinson of London, 
merchant, and to his heirs and assigns for ever. 
The effect of these is expressed in the aforesaid 
deed of settlement, which by this my will I ratify 
and confirm ; and as touching the reversion of all 
these my lands of Barden and Barden Dikes after 
my death or my wife's refusal to accept the same in 
jointure as before, I do hereby give and bequeath the 
same to my said brother Leonard Bobinson during 
his life, and after his decease to his son Thomas 
Bobinson aforesaid, and to his heirs and assigns 
for ever. But as concerning those my lands and all 
of them in Scab Newton in the parish of Burniston, 
I have settled the same upon my nephew George 
Gray of Burniston, clerk, his heirs and assigns for 
ever, to stand seized of the same for my use during 
my natural life, and after my decease for such uses 
as are expressed or to be expressed in the condition 
of a bond sealed or to be sealed to me by the said 
George Gray j yet subject always to the yearly pay- 
ment of X43. 55. per annum for the maintenance of 
my schools and hospital in Burniston ; and my will 
is that my said nephew George Gray shall within 
the space of two months after my decease, give unto 
the feoffees of the said schools and hospital a true 
copy of the said deeds of settlement relating to the 
said schools and hospital, if I shall not have done 
the same in my lifetime. And I do also commit 
unto the care of the said George Gray during his 



216 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON, 

life the said free-schools and alms-houses, according 
to a book of rules given in that behalf, and as con- 
cerning those my three closes of leasehold lands 
called Watson Closes or Windmill Closes, I do by 
this my will give and bequeath them unto my said 
nephew George Gray and his assigns, to have and 
to hold the same during the term of years therein 
yet unexpired, and also the tenant right of the 
same after the expiration of the lease ; and I do 
also give unto the said George Gray all arrears of 
rents which any of my tenants of Scab Newton 
may be in arrear at the time of my death. And 
as concerning all my good library of books, with all 
my papers and manuscripts, which I long since for 
valuable consideration made over to the said George 
Gray, and (?) do hereby confirm the same. And as 
and (?) concerning all these my lands in Barfoot in the 
county palatine of Durham, purchased by me and 
Mrs. Anne Savile, and all those my lands in Moor- 
ton and Thomaby, and also all those my lands in 
Bishopdale, I only have a life estate in them by the 
deeds of purchase, being settled upon my brother 
Leonard Robinson and his heirs for ever ; and as 
to those my lands in Moulton, together with the 
rent-charge of .£10 per annum issuing out of the 
estate of Michaell Wrightson in Moulton aforesaid, 
the same I have settled after my decease by deed, 
which I do hereby confirm j and as to those, lands 
in Westlayton, purchased lately by Mrs. Anne 
Savile, I have in the same only a life estate, in 
case I survive her ; the reversion after her decease 



APPENDIX, 217 

and mine is settled already by deeds of settlement, 
which I do confirm as much as in me lies by this 
my last will and testament. And as concerning lesser 
legacies, I do give and bequeath them as folio weth : 
first I give and bequeath to my niece Frances Mad- 
dason a legacy of X5 ; item, I give to Mr. Pom- 
frett's two children, John and Jane, to the either 
of them <£io ; item, I give to the poor of the 
parish of Burniston a legacy of .£20, to be distri- 
buted unto them according to their several necessi- 
ties (to some more, to some less), at the discretion 
of my executors ; I also give to the parish of 
Kookesby, the place of my nativity, and to the 
poor thereof a legacy of 405 to be distributed 
amongst them at the discretion of the minister 
and churchwardens ; item, I give to Elizabeth 
Watson my cousin of Aldbrough, and to my cou- 
sin Tennant's son, and to my cousin William Pick- 
ering's son, for whom I was surety in baptism, to 
each of them 405 ; and also to every servant which 
shall be servant to me at my death, a legacy of 
405 j and to every servant of the house wherein I 
shall die I give a legacy of 105 a piece ; item, I give 
to Mr. Nathanael Burnand, clerk, a legacy of £3 
for a farewell ; item, I give unto my nephew 
Thomas Bobinson of Bookesby, and to his son and 
heir William Bobinson, each of them a guinea to 
buy a mourning ring ; and I further give unto the 
said William all such arrears of my annuity, as shall 
be due to me from his father at the time of my 
decease ; item, I give unto my brother-in-law 



218 LIFE OF M, ROBINSON. 

George Grey of Sudwick, gent., and to my sister-in- 
law Mrs. Elizabeth. Oglethorpe, and to her son 
Joseph Oglethorpe, and to my nephew Tennant, 
and to his wife Margaret Tennant, and to my 
cousin John Warcop of Gatenby, and to my 
reverend brethren in the ministry, Mr. Kichard 
Tatum of Kirklington, Mr. John Pomfrett of Rip- 
ley, and Mr. Anthony Prockter of Pussindale, and 
likewise to my trusty and dear friend Thomas Bend- 
lowes, Esq. the elder, and his son John Bendlowes, 
and to my dear sister-in-law Deborah Bobinson of 
London, and to each of her daughters, and to cousin 
Thomas Smithson of Moulton, and to cousin John 
Wastell, and cousin John Smelt, and to cousin 
Daniel Smith, and to Mrs. Sevilla Stroude, to Mr. 
Samuel Hulme, and to Mr. Francis Taylour of 
Beadale, apothecary, and to Mr. Henry Pinkney 
of Brignall, Mr. Andrew Perrott of York, and 
cousin James Collet of London, the elder, and to 
my nephew John Grey, to each of them a guinea 
to buy a mourning ring ; item, I give to my dear 
and honoured friends, Mrs. Elizabeth Wastell and 
Mrs. Anne Savile, as a grateful acknowledgement 
of their never-dying love or mine a double guinea 
to each of them ; I also regive to the said Anne 
Savile a large silver medal, which she gav^ unto 
me in my lifetime, and I further give unto the said 
Anne Savile a large bezarde stone, given to me by 
her uncle Mr. John Garway, and if she pleases not 
to accept it for herself, I desire her to present it to 
my lady Ingleby, to whom I have ever been obliged; 



APPENDIX, 219 

item, I give and order to the chief and the four 
and twenty (?) of the parish of Burniston, and to 
all my tenants in all places mourning gloves ; and 
also all my clothes, I give them to my nephew John 
Pomfrett, desiring him to give some share of them 
to Mr. Samuel Hulme, as he shall think fit j item, 
I give to Mrs. Bendlowes, wife to Thomas Bend- 
low es, Esq. a guinea. But as fco all the rest of my 
goods and chattels not hereby disposed (after my 
just debts paid, and funeral charges with all lega- 
cies discharged) I do give and bequeath them unto 
my two executors, Leonard Bobinson, Esq. cham- 
berlain of London, and his son Thomas Bobinson 
of London, merchant, whom I do hereby make, 
ordain, constitute, and appoint joint executors 
of this my last will and testament. And I do 
desire Thomas Bendlowes the elder, Esq. and John 
Warcop, gent, to be the supervisors of this my last 
[will], to see all things faithfully executed according 
to the true intent thereof In witness whereof I 
do in the presence of many credible witnesses 
(whose names are to be subscribed), declare this 
deliberately to be my last will and testament, the 
day and year above written, thereto putting my 
hand and seal, Matthew Bobinson. This my will 
consisting of four writing sheets was sealed, signed 
and acknowledged in the presence of Anne Savile, 
Jude Abbey, John Pomfritt, William Carter, Chris- 
topher Baper. 

This will was proved at York, 15th December 
1694, by the oath of Thomas Bobinson the nephew, 



220 LIFE OF M. ROBINSON. 

one of the executors therein named, to whom pro- 
bate was granted, he having been first sworn duly 
to 'administer. 

Wm. Hudson,) Deputy 
Jos. Buckle, J Registrars, 

p. 83. 1. 7 from foot. For "leaves" read "pages." 

p. 86 seq. The name Robison frequently occurs 
in the following list ; such entries Mr. Ward con- 
siders not likely to belong to Matthew Robinson's 
family ; but in the register they are for the most part 
spelt Robinson, and will be so given in the index. 

p. 89, 1. 2. For " ISTow — York," read " [Now — 
York]." 

p. 94, 1. 15. The ) should stand in the next line 
after " family." 

p. 104, 1. 9 from foot. On this tract see An 
Answer to a [i.e. to Eohard's] Letter of Enquiry into 
the Grounds and Occasions of the Gontem,pt of the 
Clergy (Lond. 167 1) : "If you knew the gentleman, 
and will give any credit to him, who gives an ac- 
count of the new sect of Latitude men in a letter to 
his friend G. B., who I believe may be akin to your 
friend B. L., both feigned persons, &c." p. 31. There 
is a humorous account of the philosophasters in 
Echard's Observations upon the Answer, &c. (Lond. 
1671), 142 — 148. 

p. 106, 1. 12 from foot. Bead plantarum. 

p. 112, 1. 7 from foot. Dele " Qy. Harrison?" 
and insert after the word " greyhound :" much " ob- 
literated, but no doubt the arms of Thomas Harri- 



APPENDIX. 221 

son, Esq. of Allerthorpe, who married at Willesdon, 
CO. Middlesex, 27 June 1649, Mary, daughter of Sir 
Wm. Koberts of Willesdon, kt., afterwards bart." 
Mr. Ward's note. 

p. 129, n. 2. Add Burton's Diary, iii. 291, 992. 
His catechism was approved by lady Hewley {Cha- 
rity Comm. Rep, xii. 673, xvii. 843). 

p. 154. Add to the account of Cawdrey. Dr. 
Williams' library contains "A Sermon occasioned 
by the death of the E,t. Hon. George Lord Delamer," 
4to. London, 1684. This sermon is mentioned by 
Henry New come {Autohiogr, 256), and an extract 
is given in Memorials and Characters, together with 
the Lives of Eminent and Worthy Persons (London, 
1741, foL), 427, 428. 

p. 155, n. 2. For hiographical read hihliogra- 
phical. Add to the account of Poole : " I would 
fain have had Mr. William Moses, Mr. Gibbons, 
and Mr. Matthew Poole into the commission [for 
the Savoy conference], that I might have had their 
help in disputing, because they were very quick, 
ingenuous men, and I could not prevail." Baxter's 

Lifi, ii- 337- 

p. 158, 1. 4. Bead Chandler. 




INDEX 

OF NAMES AND THINGS. 



Abbey, Jude, 219 

Allen, aid., 180 

Anatomy, a Cambridge study, 

21, 30 n. I, 31, 32, 103, T05, 

106 
Andrewes, his preaching, 131 
Andrews, sir Thos., 180 
Ardern, sir John, his son John, 

64 n. -2 
Aristotle, 99, roi, 105, 106 
Arithmetic, a Cambridge study, 

97 

Arnold, Thos., t8o 

Arrowsmith, John, D.D., mas- 
ter of St. John's, Robinson's 
friend, 29, 117 — 127, 158 

Arthur, 181 

Ascham, Roger, MS. of, 22 n. 2 

Ash, 120, 181 

Aspenwall, 205 

Astronomy, a Cambridge study, 
21 

Bacon, Id., 74 

Bainbridge, Edw., 203 

Baker, Thos., his life of Arrow- 
smith, 1 1 7- 1 2 7; gift to St. 
John's coll. Library, 123 n. 



Banes, John, 205 

Banks, sir John, attorney-gene- 
ral, 70 n. I 

Bann, Dr., 73 n. i 

Barebone, 35 n. 2 

Barker, Ann, 93 

Barlow, Thos., 191 

Barnardiston, Nath., 180 

Baron, Wm., 203 

Bartholomew's day, 68 

Barthomley, Cawdrey's living, 
66, 67 

Barugh, Cath., 92 

Bates, 181 

Bathurst, 180 

Baxter, Richard, letter of, 163- 
169 

Becher, Wm., fell. St. John's, 
148 

Bendlowes, John, 218 

Bendlowes, Thos., 218, 219 

Beresford, fell. St. John's, 151 

Bernard (or Barnard) Castle, 4 

n. A, 5 
Bertius, 100 
Biddulph, Theoph., 180 
Bigg, Walter, 180 [Qu. whether 

aid. Bigs? 158] 



INDEX. 



223 



Bishops who ordained during the 
commonwealth, 37 n. i 

Blechden, Thos., sen. fellow of 
St. John's, ejected, 119 

Bodurda, Wm., sen. fellow of 
St. John's, ejected, 119 

Boothby, Walter, 180 

Botany, a Cambridge study, 26, 
30 n. I, 106 

Bothwellbridge, 50 

Bowles, Edw., famous preacher, 
3^; his life, 128-130, 221; 
son of OHver, 37 n. 2, 128 n. i 

Bowles, Samuel, son of Oliver, 
128 n. I 

Brewster, John, 94 n. 

Brinsley, 180 

Bromfield, Thos., 180 

Brown, maj. gen. 180 

Browne, Sir T., friend of M. E., 
32 seq. 

Brownrig, Ralph, 71, 130-146 

Bucholzer, 69 

Buck, Thos., sen. bedel, 137, 
140 

Bull, fellow of Christ's, 1650, 
26 n. 4 

Burnand, Nath., 73 n. i, 217 

Burneston, M. R. presented to, 
165 1, 33 seq. ; resigns in favour 
of his nephew, 57, 65 ; church- 
plate, 58, 112; school and hos- 
pital, 57-61, 108, III; Ann 
Savile's charity, 61 n. i; pa- 
rish registers, 86-93; vicars, 
see Elsley (Gregory and He- 
neage), Grey (Geo.), Robinson 



(John cent. xvii. and xviii, 
Joseph, Matthew) Waddington 
(Hy.) Wilson (Rd.) ; clerk and 
registrar, see Yitty (Rd.) ; 
masters, see Hulm, Lindsey, 
Rider, Vitty; present state of 
church and school, 113; M.R.'s. 
bequest to, 217, 218 
Burton, Rob., his epitaph, 4n. i 

Calamy corrected, 107, 133 n., 
148, 181 

Calvin, 7 n. i, 95 ; his opinion 
of the liturgy, 74, 115, 116, 
211 

Cambridge, a garrison, 9 n. 2 ; 
beauty of colleges, teaching 
superior to that at Edinburgh, 
16; students prevented from 
entering by the civil war, 9, 
16, notes I and 2 ; alarmed at 
the taking of Huntingdon, 1 7- 
1 9 ; governor of the castle, 1 8, 

Cambridge studies. See Studies. 
Canticles, verse translations of, 

22 n. I 
Carter, George, 92 
Carter, Wm., 219 
Caryll, 181 
Case, 181 
Cassander, 74 

Cato, first school-book, 7, 209 
Catherine Hall, disputed election 

to the mastership, 132-146 
Cawdrey, Zach., fellow of St, 

John's, tutor to M. R. and 



224 



INDEX, 



Henry Newcome, i6, 73 n. i ; 
M. R.'s new-year's gift to, 22 ; 
outed of his proctorsliip, 23, 
24; a royalist, 23, 29, 66, ; 
his daughter Elizabeth mar- 
ries George Grey, 65 n. i, 67, 
114; ejected from his living, 
67 ; moderate conformist, 68 
n. 2, 72; life of, 147-154, 221 

Chamberlaine, Jas., fellow of 
St John's, 36 n. 2 

Chancellors, bishops', 73 n. 2, 211 

Chandler, aid., 158 

Chapel, disputations held in, ico, 

lOI 

Charity, a tenth part of income 
spent in, 55 n. i, 112, 184 

Charles I. takes Huntingdon, 1 7 ; 
his trial and execution, 25 ; 
Jan. 30 kept as a fast, ib. n. 2, 
105; cf. ^^Life of Isaac Mil- 
les" (1721), 6-8; interferes 
with elections, 134 

Charles II. his interview with 
M.R., 49—51 

Chemistry, 106 

Christ's college elects M. R. fel- 
low, but a man of the times 
procures a mandamus, 26, 27, 
28 ; rules of the foundress, 26 
n. 3 ; bequest to, 202 seq. 

Church, Nath., coll. Emm., 

155 n. 
Church, learning declined in the, 

during the commonwealth, i ()6 
Circulation of the blood, 31, 103, 

104, T07 



Clarke, 181 

Clarke, fell. St. John's, 149, 

Clergy, bachelor, imputations on, 
44 n. 2 ; huntsmen, 45 n. 2 ; 
not a match for gentry in brave 
clothes, 46; should be physi- 
cians and lawyers, 54 n. i ; 
poor, relieved by M. R., 56 ; 
fifths allowed to, 114, T15 

Collett, Edw., 205, 208 

Collett, sir Jas., 80 n. 2 

Collet, Jas., M. R.'s cousin, 218 

Collier, Jer., fell. St. John's, 
148, 150 

Collins, Dr., 122 

Commons, 20 n. i 

Compass, motto about, 52 

Consett, Priscilla, dr. of Peter, 
94 n. 

Cooper, 181 

Corderius, 7 n. i, 95, 96 

Cottingham, Mary, 94 

Coulson, John, fell. Cath., 132, 

133; 144-146 
Covenant, the, 149 seq. 
Cox, Dr. Thos., 180 
Cradock, sir Joseph, commissary 

of Richmond, 39 
Cradock, Sam., fell. Emm., 209 
Creswick, Jas., fell. St. John's, 

148, 150 
Crichton (or Creighton), Rob., 

coll. Trin., attempt to secure 

his election as master of Cath., 

135-146 
Cross, Dr. Josh., 191 



i 



INDEX. 



225 



Crowland (Croyland), 15 n. 2 

Crumlum, 180 

Cudworth, Ealph, 193, 201 

Damian, cardinal, 67 n. 4 

Dand, Oliver, 15 1 

Darley, Hen., 198 

Davenant, lady Margaret's pro- 
fessor, 100 

Day, John, nephew of John 
Robinson, 91 

Delamere, lord (sir George Booth), 
152, 221 

D'Ewes, 99 seq. 

Dictation, 11 n., 209, 211 

Dillingham, William, 126, 193 

Disputations, see Schools. 

Divinity, a Cambridge study, 
17 n., 30, 98-100 

Dogflayers, i e. anatomists, 31 
n. 2 

Dogs in college-halls, 32 

Downes, his Greek lectures, 100 

Drake, Dr., 158 

Drunkenness, 46 n. 1 . "As drunk 
as a beggar," and '^As drunk 
as a lord," ih. 

Dun, Thos., 93 

Dyce, Eev. A., his ed. of Mar- 
lowe, 39 n. 2 

Eaton, John, antinomian, 71 n. 2 
Edinburgh University, EngHsh 
students, who have learned 
their Greek at school, admitted 
of the second year, 10; course 
of study, logic, diting, &c., 



II n., 13; broken up by the 
plague, 12; M. R. despises it 
in comparison of Cambridge, 16 

Elections go by favour, 132 seq. 
See under Fellowships. 

EUis, John, fell. Cath., 132, 133, 
144-146; father of bp. Ellis, 
133 n. I 

Ellis, J. jun., 134 n. 

Elsley, Rev. Heneage, of Burnes- 
ton, 93 ; his children, Charles, 
88, 91 ; Elizabeth and Charles 
(a second), 88; Gregory, vie. 
of Bumeston, 88, 91 ; Gregory's 
widow Mary, 92 ; Charles He- 
neage son of Heneage and 
Miriam, 89 

Ethics, a Cambridge study, 21, 
103, 105 ; authors studied, 
Piccolomineus, 100, Aristotle, 
10 1, 106, Daneus, Scultetus, 
Amesius, Aquinas, 103, Cicero, 
Epictetus, Plotinus, Plutarch, 
Seneca, 106 

Eusebius Pamphili, 67 n. 4 

Excommunication, 73 n. 2, 211 

Fairfax, lord, friend of Thos. 

Robinson, 8 ; M. R. proposed 

as his page, 9; his chaplain 

Bowles, 129 
Fellowship examination, 28 n. i ; 

fellowships given by favour 

29 n. I, 36 n. I 
Fenwick, Cuthb., 205 
Finch, syndic of Padua, 2 7 n. 
Fisher, Mary,of Scruton, Yorksh. , 
15 



226 



INDEX. 



married to Jolin Kobinson, 88 ; 

buried, June 17, 1739, 91 
Foot, sir Thos., 180 
France, Matthew, 92 
Frederick, aid., 180 
French, neglected at Cambridge, 

97 

Fuller, fellow of Christ's, 1649, 
26 n. 4, 204 

Garway, John, Anne Savile's 

uncle, 218 
Gayle, Mark, 92 
Geometry, a Cambridge study, 

97 

Gibbons, 221 

Glisson, Dr. Francis, (fell. Trin. 
Hall, prof of physic, Nov. 10, 
1636), 103 

Goodwin, Thos., fell. St. John's, 
148 n. 3, 150 

Gower, Humphr., 147 n. i 

Gower, col., 180 

Greaves, Eliz., of Prescot, Lane, 
marries John Eobinson, 93, 91 

Greek, taught at schools, 8, 175 ; 
except Scotch schools, 10 n. 4 ; 
and Latin poets read at Cam- 
bridge, 19, 97, 17 n., some 
Cambridge tutors httle versed 
in, 96 ; Downes* lectures, 100 

Greenwood, Dr. Dan., 191 

Grey, Anna, dr. of Geo., 90 

Grey, Eliz., Cawdrey's dr., 65 
n. I, 67, 90 

Grey, Eliz., M. E-.'s great niece, 
87. 93 



Grey, Geo. esq., marries Frances, 
sister of M. E., 65 n. i, 114, 
218 

Grey, Geo., M. R.'s nephew and 
successor, 57, 65, 67, 68, 69, 
80, 87, 215, 216; buried, 90; 
his wives, ib. 

Grey, George, M. E.'s great ne- 
phew, T07, III, 112 

Grey, Hanna, M. R.'s great niece, 

87 

Grey, John, M. R.'s nephew, 218 

Grey, Matth., M. R.'s great ne- 
phew, 87, 109 

Grey, Zachary, M. R.'s great 
nephew, 65 n. i, 83, 84, 109, 
152; bapt. May 6, 1686, 87 

Griffith, 181 

Harrison, Thos., and Mary his 

wife, of Allerthorpe, 38, 221; 

their dr. Sarah marries Geo. 

Grey, 65 n. i 
Harrison, Thos., 109 
Healths, 46 n. i, 112, 210 
Hebrew, a Cambridge study, 17 

n., 30 n. I, 96, 97, 175, 178 
Henman, fell. St. John's, 148, 

151 

Herbert, Geo., his lectures, 100 

Heron, Arthur and Sam., fel- 
lows of St. John's, 148, 151 

Hickman, Hy., 191 

Higginson, aid., 180 

Hildersham, Arthur, famous 
preacher, 70 n. 2, 115 

Hill, Benj., 204 



INDEX. 



227 



Hill, Joseph, enters at St. John's 

in 1644, 16 n. I, 193 
HiU, Thos., (C. C.C.C, B.A. 

i64§). 96, 97 
History, a Cambridge study, 17 

n., 100, 10 1 (Flonis, Gellius 

and Macrobius), 105 
Hobbes, denies the use of Latin 

and Greek, loi, 102 
Hodges, Thos., fell. St. John's, 

148 n. I 
Holdsworth, Rd., D'Ewes' tutor, 

17 n., 106; his preaching, 131 
Holdsworth, T., 106 
Holland, earl of, chancellor, 135, 

136 
Holhngsworth, N. J., 107 
Hornby registers, 93, 94 
Horses, listed for '*king and 

pari.," 9n. 5; price of, 47; 

Yorkshire famous for, ^5. n. i 
Horton, Thos., 126, 193, 198 
Hourglass in pulpits, 71 n. 2 
Hulme, Sam. (coll. Jes., A.B. 

1683, A.M. 1691), master of 

Bumeston, 11 1, 112, 219 
Huntingdon taken, 1 7 n. 2 
Hutton, fell. St. John's, 149-15 1 

Ingleby, sir Wm. and lady Mar- 
garet, 63, 64, 218; their son sir 
John, 64 n. 4, 65 n. 2 ; their 
daughters Margaret and Anne, 
64 n. 2 

Ingleby, Mary and Katherine, 
found a school at Ripley, 64 
n. 2 



Ireland, master of Westminster, 
59 n. I ; cf. Prynne's Can- 
terb. Dooms, 411, 412 

Jackson, sen., 181 

Jacomb, sen. andjun., i8t, 195 

Jenkins, iSi 

'' Jockey, the Gentleman's," 48 

John's, St., coU., a prison, 9 n. 2; 
M. E., &c. enter, 16; M. R. 
scholar of, 15 n. 4 ; connected 
with Christ's, 26 n. 3; M. R. 
fellow of, 28, 29, 83, 84 ; feuds 
in, 29 n. 2, 148-151; disputa- 
tions in chapel, 100, 10 1 ; 
purged by the earl of Man- 
chester, 117 seq. ; gifts to the 
library, 123 n., 125 n. i, I26n. ; 
to the third court, 152 

Johnson, master of Brignal, 114 

Johnson, deputy, 180 

Jurian, John, 180 

Kay, Ann, of Carthrop, 93 

Keate, 180 

Kettlewell, Mary, of Theakston, 

93 
Elirshaw, minister of Ripley, 63 

n. 2 
Knaresborough, 76, 78 
Knowles, John, fell. Cath., 133 

n. I, 144, 145 

Langdaile, Joanna, 93 
Langley, fellow of Christ's, 26 

n. 4 
Langley, Dr. Hen., 191 

15—2 



228 



INDEX. 



Latitudinarians, 104, 220 

Laurence, aid., 180 

Law, civil, a Cambridge study, 
17 n. 30, 53; popular text- 
books, Ridley, Swinburne, 
Doctor and Student, Bacon, 
Co well, Grotius, 53 

Leicester taken, i4n. 4, 97, 210 

Leigh, Laur., coll. Emm., 155 n. 

Lenox, duke of, Crichton's pa- 
tron, 138, 139, 143 

Leslie, gen., 10 

Lightfoot, George, 93 

Lindsey, master of Bumeston 
school, 1 12 

Linsdayle, Mark, 92 

Liturgy, the English, Calvin's 
opinion of, 74, 115, 116 

Logic, diting of, at Edinburgh, 
iin., 12; learnt before coming 
to Cambridge, 16 n. 4 ; a Cam- 
bridge study, 97, 98, 99, 209 ; 
class-books, Seton, Keckerman, 
Molineus, 17 n.. Ramus, 16 
n. 3, Smiglecius, 99 

London miles, 1 3 ; congregations, 
62 n. 2 

Longland, Thos., fellow of St. 
John's, 1655, 36 n. 2 

Lothian, John, fell. Cath., 133, 

137, 139-142, 144-146 
Love, aid., t8o 
Lumby, Fred., 94 n. 
Lye, 181 
Lynford, Sam., fell. Cath., 132, 

133, 144, 145, 146 
Lynford, Thos., 203 



Maddasan, Frances, M. R.'s 
niece, 217 

Manchester, earl of, 117 seq., 
149 

Manton, 181, 195 

Marston Moor, 8 

Mary's, St., commencement in, 99 

Maskal, 180 ^ 

Mason, Dr., master of requests « 
to Chas. I., 152 

Masterson, Hy., Cawdrey's tu- 
tor, 147 

Mathematics, neglected at Ca.m- 
bridge, except Ptolemy, Apol- 
lonius, Euchd, &c., loi ; but 
see 105 

Matthew, abp. Toby, great grand- 
father to M. R.'s wife, 45 n. i, 
77 n. I 

Metaphysics, a Cambridge study, 
20, 21, 30 n. I, 97, 98, 102, 
103, 105, 209 

Micklethwaite, Paul, coll. Sidn., 

131 

Mildmay, col., governor of Cam- 
bridge castle, 19 

Miles, Northumberland and Lon- 
don, 12, 13 

Milner, aid., 180 

Mitchell, Anna, 92 

Moderators, senior sophisters act 
as, 23 

Molle, 198 

Monmouth, duke of, his charger 
at Bothwellbridge, 50 

More, Hen., 200 

Morpeth, 208 



INDEX, 



229 



MoseSj Wm., 221 

''Moveor immotus," motto on 

the mariner's compass, 52 
Mowbray, Jas., fell. St. John's, 

148 n. 2, 150 
Music, a Cambridge study, 30 

n. I 

Nevil, Dr., master of Trinity, 36 
n. I 

Nevill, of St. John's, loi 

Newark raparees, 13 seq. 

Newcastle taken, 10, 96 ; go- 
vernor of, 13 

Newcome, Henry, M. R.'s friend, 
16 n. 2, 29 n. 5, 68 n. 2, 73 
n. I 

Newmarket, 47, 50 

New-year's gifts, 22 n. 2, 105 

Nicholls, 200 

Noel, Martin, 180 

Nonconformists allowed to preach 
in churches, 73 n. i, 115; 
ejected, 68 

Northumberland miles, 12 

Oath of discovery, 119, 120 
Oglethorpe, Ehz., M. R.'s sister- 
in-law and her son Joseph, 218 
Ordination, see Bishops. 
Oxford, king's garrison, 8 n. i 
Oxford, Aubrey earl of, 50 

Pack, Christ, lord, 180 
Padua, English students of phy- 
sic resort to, 27 n. i 
Paman, Henry, 32 n. i 



Parliament, its pursevants, 25 ; 

sets aside free election, 26; 

Barebone's, its project against 

universities, 35 
Patrick, bp., 104, 220 
Pawson, John, fell. St. John's, 

150 

Peachie, Sam., fell. St. John's, 

151 

Pennoyer, Wm., 180 

Pepper, 201 

Peppes, Christ., 204 

Perrott, Andr., of York, 218 

Philosophy, a Cambridge study, 
16 n. 3, 17 n., 97-101; M. R. 
spends four hours a day on, 
19 ; the new, 2 1, 99 (Cartesian), 
103-105, 220 

Physics, a Cambridge study, 21, 
103. See Anatomy, Astrono- 
my, Botany. 

Pickering, Mark, father of Jane, 
M. R.'s wife, 5 n. 2, 92; his 
wife, 214 

Pickering, Wm., M. R.'s cousin, 
217 

Pinkney, Hen., of Brignall, 218 

Pluralities, 75 

Plymouth, Ursula countess of, 
203 

Poets, Greek and Latin, studied 
at Cambridge, 19; verse com- 
position, 21, 22, 28 n. I, 30 
n. I 

Pomfret, Eliz., of Ripley, 214 

Pomfret, John, rect. of Ripley, 
65 n. 2, 218, 219; his sister 



230 



INDEX. 



Anna, son John, and dr. Al- 
lisamond, 66 n. ; his children, 
John and Jane, 217 

Poole, Matthew, his Synopsis 
promoted by M. R., 43; his 
Annotations, 44 ; son of Fran- 
cis, his life, 154 seq., 221; his 
scheme for supporting poor 
scholars, 157-195 

Poor bribed to hear and learn, 
58 n. I, 62 

Popery, fears of, 57 n. i, 60, 202, 
207 

Preaching before ordination, 
usual, 34 n. 2 

Preston, Dr. John, 128 n. 1 

Prockter, Rev. Ant., of Russin- 
dale, 218 

Proctor appoints moderators, 23; 
his speech, ih, ; determines se- 
niority, 29 

Pybus, Mary, 93 

Raisbeck, J. S., 94 n. 

Raisbeck, Leonard, 94 n. 

Randal, Thos., 204, 205, 208 

Raper, Christ., 219 

Rayson, Eliz., 92 

Reading, feUow of Christ's, 26 

n. 4 
Reading on the road, 40 n. i, 210 
Reinolds, Dr., 181 
Rhetoric, a Cambridge study, 100 
Ricard, Andrew, 180 
Richs, Ro., 145, 146 
Rider, Wm., master of Burnes- 

ton, 90 



Ripley, 58 n. 2, 64 n. 2 ; John 
Pomfret rector, 65 n. 2 ; M. R. 
dies there, 81 

Roberts, Mary, dr. of Sir Wm., 

22T 

Robinson, Alicia, dr. of Rd. of 
Exilby, 87 

Robinson, Ann, dr. of Wm. cu- 
rate of Leeming, 88 ; another, 
dr. of John, vie. of Burneston, 
ih. ; another, dr. of Wm. of 
Burneston, ih.; buried, 91; 
Ann Wilkinson, dr. of Wm., 
89; another, wife of Fras. of 
the Street, 90; another, of 
Burneston, 91 ; another, widow 
of Exilby, ih. ; another, mar- 
ries Matthew France, 92 ; an- 
other, marries Greo. Carter, 92 ; 
another, wife of Leonard, 93; 
another, wife of Wm., 94 

Robinson, Anne, dr. of John of 
Exilby, 87; another, wife of 
Wm., 91 ; another, married 
Barth. Rudd, 94 n. 

Robinson, Catharine, 89; another, 
of Leeming Lane, 90 (bis); 
another, of GiU Hall marries 
Geo. Lightfoot, 93 

Robinson, Deborah, 88 

Robinson, Deborah, M. R, 's sis- 
ter-in-law, 218 

Robinson, Dorothy, dr. of John 
of Exilby, 87; another, dr. of 
Elias of Burneston, ih. ; an- 
other, wife of Nicholas, 89; 
another, of Ripon, 91 



INDEX. 



231 



Eobinson, Edward, 93 

RobiDson, Elias, 87 

Robinson, Eliz., dr. of John vie. 
of Burneston, bapt. Apr. 25, 
ob. May 26, 1724, 88, 91; 
another dr. bapt. Dec. 23, 
1744, 88 ; another, dr. of Wm. 
and Mary, 89 ; another marries 
Mark Linsdayle, 92 ; another, 
dr. of Wm. of GiU Hall and 
Easby, 94 n. : another, dr. of 
Leonard, marries Robt. Wil- 
kmson, ih, 

Robinson, Emma, 89 

Robinson, Eunard (Leonard ?), of 
Gill Hall, and his widow, 93 

Robinson, Frances (formerly 
Smelt), M. R.'s mother, 10, 

13, 33 

Robinson, Frances, M. R.'s sister 
marries George Grey, 65 n. i 
114; dies July 10, 1661, ^6. 

Robinson, Frances, marriesThom 
ton, 92 ; another, dr. of Leo 
nard, marries John Brewster 
94 n. 

Robinson, Francis, son of Mi 
chael of Leeming Lane, 87 ; of 
Leeming Street, 88, 91; his 
wife Ann, 90; his wife Mary 
Pybus, 93 

Robinson, Giffery, of Theakstone, 

89 

Robinson, Isabel, dr. of John, 

vie. of Burneston, 88 
Robinson, Jane, M. R.'s wife, 

5 n. 2, 92, 212 seq. 



Robinson, Jane, dr. of Michael 
of Leeming Lane, 87; another, 
dr. of Wm. and Mary, 89, 92 ; 
another, of Thexton, 89; an- 
other, dr. of Wm. of Arra- 
thome, 94 ; one, a widow, 
gives a chalice to Burneston, 
T12 

Robinson, Joan, wife of Wm. of 
the Street, 90 

Robinson, John, uncle of M. R. 
fellow of St. John's, 1626, 
5 n. 2 ; vie. of Burneston 1634, 
ob. May 28, 1651, 33 n. 2, 
89, 90; his sons Wm. and 
John, 87 

Robinson, John, vie. of Bur- 
neston 1 716 seq., his large 
family, 87, 88, 91 ; buried 
Dee. 18, 1764, 91; his son 
John, 88 ; marries Eliz. Greaves, 
93 ; Mary Fisher, 88, 91 ; his 
nephew John Day, 91 ; his 
first wife Rachel, ih, 

Robinson, John, of Exilby, cent. 
16, 87 ; another, son of Michael 
of Leeming Lane, 87; another, 
son of Francis of Leeming 
Street, 88, 91 ; another, son of 
Cath. of Leeming Lane, 90; 
another, of Bedale, 93 

Robinson, Joseph, vicar of Bur- 
neston, 87, 109 ; servant, 91 

Robinson, Juliana, daughter of 
Joseph, vie. of Burneston, 

87 

Robinson, Kath., dr. of Michael 



232 



INDEX. 



of Exilby, 87 ; one K. R. mar- 
ries Thomas Dun, 93 

Robinson, Leon., chamberlain of 
London, younger bro. of M. 
E,., 5 n. 2 ; knighted Oct. 29, 
1692, ob. 1696; his house in 
the city, 49 ; M. R.'s bequest 
to, 215, 216, 219; his wife 
Deborah, 218 

Robinson, Leonard, son of John 
of Exilby, 87; father and son, 
of Gill Hall, 93, 94; another, 
son of Wm., 94 n. 

Robinson, Margaret, dr. of John, 
vie. of Burneston, bapt., 88; 
another, of Allathorp, 89; an- 
other marries Mark Gayle, 92 

Robinson, Mary, dr. of Michael 
of LeemingLane, 87; another, 
dr. of John, vicar of Burneston, 
bapt. June 17, 1739, ^^5 ^^" 
other, wife and dr. of Wm. of 
Burneston, 89 ; another, widow 
of Leonard of Gill Hall, 94 ; 
others (dr. and granddr. of 
Wm.), 94 n. 

Robinson, Matthew, baptized 
Dec. 14, 1628, 4 n. 3; second 
(should be third; i. Wm. ii. 
Thos.) son of Thos., 5 n. 2; 
yet see ()6\ at a granmiar- 
school, where he learns much 
Latin, but eats little meat, 6 ; 
at an eminent school under 
Mr. H., where he becomes a 
critic in Greek and Latin, 6-8 ; 
proposed as page to lord Fair- 



fax, 9; is sent to Edinburgh 
university, 9-12; his opinion 
of diting, II, 12; driven from 
Edinburgh by the plague, 12; 
goes to Cambridge, 1645, 13 
seq. ; is chased by the Newark- 
ers, 14; slaughters hummers, 
1 5 ; his opinion of Cambridge, 
16; admitted scholar of St. 
John's, June 9, 1645, 15 n. 4, 
23; flies from Cambridge, is 
brought back, and does duty 
by night in the castle, 18, 19 ; 
his studies, 19-22 ; his love of 
fine clothes, 19, 46, 50; mode- 
rator of his year, 23; studies 
physic and herbary, 24, 26; 
fasts during the king's trial, 
25 ; chosen fellow of Christ's, 
26-28 ; but ousted by manda- 
mus, ih. ; intends to take his 
M.D. at Padua, 27; or to 
travel as tutor or companion, 
28; is chosen fellow at St. 
John's Apr. 3, 1650, 28, 29; 
a tutor, 30 ; studies law, divin- 
ity, botany, chemistry, ana- 
tomy, 30 seq. ; presented to 
Burneston, 165 1, 33 seq. ; re- 
signs his fellowship and takes 
episcopal orders, 1654, 36, 37; 
by Bowles' instructions be- 
comes a right textman, 37, 38, 
69-71 ; practises as a physician, 
38-41, 5 n. 2; his diligence, 7, 
8, 13, 19-21, 30 seq., 40 seq., 
69, 72 ; suffers from the stone. 



INDEX. 



233 



41, 43, 68, 69, 76-79 ; his ''An- 
notations," 42-44, 69, 78, 84, 
107 : his Hebrew studies, 44 ; 
helps M. Poole, 43, 44 ; marries 
Jane Pickering Oct. 1 2, 1 65 7, 45 
n. I, 92 ; his beagles, 45 ; and 
hunters, ih. ; his success in 
breeding horses, 46-48 ; sells a 
horse to Charles II., is sum- 
moned to court, 49-5 1 ; his 
swiftness, 48, 75 ; his messet 
spaniels, 51, 52; his letters on 
poHtics, 52; his legal skill, 52 
-54 ; indulgent in demanding 
his dues, 54, 55 ; his prosper- 
ity, 55, 57, 61-63, ()()', charity 
to the poor, 55 ; to ministers 
and scholars, 56, 72; bounty 
to his family, 56, ()^\ resigns 
his living to his nephew, Sept. 
14, 1682, 57, 63 n. I, 65, 80, 
114; his hospital and school, 
57-61, 108-iri, 113, 215; his 
'' Treatise of*Faith, by a Dying 
Divine," 58 n. 2, 77 n. 2, 113; 
a cunning mason, 60 ; manages 
lady Ingleby's estate, 1683, 
63-65 ; lives with his nephew, 
and preaches, 69 seq. ; trains 
3^oung scholars for the ministry, 
72 ; his family worship, ih. \ 
moderation in Church contro- 
versies, 68, 72 seq.; his ''Cas- 
sander Reformatus," 74; re- 
fuses livings, 75; his consti- 
tution, 75, 76; his patience, 
78 seq.; his legacies, 80, 211 



seq. ; his manuscripts and 
library, ih., 114, 216; dies at 
Ripley, Nov. 27, is buried at 
Burneston, Nov. 30, 1694, 81, 
90, 116; MS. of his Life, 83, 
84; at Ripley, 1693, 11 1; his 
gift of plate to Bumeston, 58, 
112 

Robinson, Michael of Deeming 
Lane, father and son, 87, 90, 
92 ; one Michael marries Eliz. 
Ray son, 92 

Robinson, Miles, of Thexton, 89 

Robinson, Nicholas, 89 

Robinson, Phillis, of Thexstone, 

89 

Robinson, Priscilla, mother and 
dr., 94 n. 

Robinson, Rachel, dr. of John, 
87; another, wife of John, 91 

Robinson, Richard of Exilby, 87 ; 
another, son of Michael of 
Leeming Lane, ih. ; another, 
son of John, vie. of Burneston, 
88 ; another, son of Wm. and 
Mary of Burneston, 89; an- 
other, marries Anna Run thaite, 
92; another, marries Anna 
Mitchell, ih. 

Robinson, Sarah, dr. of John, 
vie. of Bumeston, 88, 91 ; an- 
other, dr. of Wm., married J. 
S. Raisbeck, 94 n. 

Robinson, Thos., father of M. R., 
4 n. 3 ; barrister, 5 n. 2 ; tries 
his son with curt Latinists, 6 ; 
takes part with Fairfax, 8; 



234 



INDEX. 



buried at Leeds, June 29, 1643, 
ih. \ his daughter Frances, 65 
n. I 

Robinson, Thos., 2nd son of the 
above, 5 n. 2 ; yet he is spoken 
of as younger \ki3.rL M.E,,, 66 n. i 

Robinson, Thos. of Rokeby, M. 
R.'s nephew, 217 

Robinson, Thos., son of M. R.'s 
brother sir Leonard, 56, 80, 
215, 219 

Robinson, Thos., son of John of 
Exilby, 87 ; another, son of 
Richard of Exilby, ih. ; another, 
son of John, vie. of Burneston, 
bapt. Jan. 9, 1735-6, 88, ob. 
Apr. 28, 1736, 91; another 
son, bapt. June 3, 1737, 88; 
Thos. Madgson, 89; another, 
of Allathorpe, ih. ; another, 
son of Wm. and Ann, 94 

Robinson, Wm., grandfather of 
M. R., 33 n. 3 

Robinson, Wm., eldest brother 
of M. R., bapt. 28 Dec. 1624, 
5 n. 2 

Robinson, Wm. of Rokeby, son 
of M. R.*s nephew Thos., 217 

Robinson, Wm., cousin of M. R., 

87 

Robinson, Wm., son of Michael 
of Exilby, 87 ; another, son of 
Wm. of the Street, Leeming 
Lane, ih. ; another, son of 
Francis of Leeming Street, 88 ; 
another, curate of Leeming, 
ih. ; another, son of John, vie. 



of Burneston, ih. ; another of 
Burneston, his large family, 
88, 89, 92; another, son of Wm. 
of Burneston, 89, 91 ; another 
son, 89; another, of Ripon, 
90 ; another, of the Street, and 
Joan his wife, 90, 93 ; another, 
son of Leonard of Gill Hall, 
93, 94; his family, 94 n. i; 
others (father and son) of Arra- 
thorne, 93, 94; another, of 
Middleton Hall, Wath, 94 

Robinson, Winnefrid, 90 

Rokeby, 4, 5; M. R.'s bequest 
to, 217 

Rud, fell, of Queens', 128 n. i 

Rudd, Barth., 94 n. 

Runthaite, Anna, 92 

Rust, fellow of Christ's, 1649, 
26 n. 4 

Salstonstall, Rd., too 
Sanderson, his preaching, 131 
Savile, Anne, 6r*n., 62 ; daugh- 
ter of John, 64 n. i ; survives 
M. R., 81, 216, 218, 219 
Scholars, poor, maintained at the 
University by M. R. 56; also 
in his own house, 72 ; Poole's 
scheme for maintaining at the 
universities, 157-195 
Schoolmasters, ill-paid, 59 n. i 
Schoolmen, studied at Cambridge, 

103 
School-tasks, Seneca and Terence, 
6; Cato and Corderius, 7; 
Greek, 8 



INDEX. 



235 



Schools, disputations in, 19, 21 

n. I, 23 n. I, 24 n. i, 30 n. 2, 

32 n. I, 99-101 
Scotcli schools, 10 n. 4 
Seaman, Laz., 193 
Seneca, difficult Latinist, 6 
Sermons, an hour long, 71 n. 2 
Servants, sent to the university, 

56, 112 
Shaftoe, Sir Rt., recorder of 

Newcastle, and his son Mark, 

64 n. 2 
Sherlock, dean, 157 
Shirley, fell. Trin., 137, 139, 

140 
Shute, Josiah, ''generalis prse- 

dicatorum," 131 
Sibbs, Dr. Ed., 70 n. i 
Slater, 181 
Smelt, John, sen. fellow of St. 

John's, 126 n. 
Smelt, John, M. R.'s cousin, 218 
Smelt, Leonard, his daughter 

Frances, M. R.'s mother, 13 
Smith, Dan., M. R.'s cousin, 

2t8 
Smith, Ric, his obituary, 155, 

156 

Smithson, Thos. of Moulton, 

M. R.'s cousin, 218 
Sophisters, senior, 21 n. ], 23 

n. I 
Spurstow, Henry, 180 
Spurstowe, Wm., fell. Cath., 

133, I44-I4<^. 181 
Staines, 158 
Stanfordham, 207 



Staunton, Dr. Edm., 191 

Stephanus, Rob., 7 n. i, 96 

Stillingfleet, John, 193 

Story, capt., 180 

Stoyte, fell. St. John's, 151 

Strode, col., gov. of Dover, 49 

Stroude, Sevilla, 218 

Studies, 97-106. See School- 
tasks. Edinburgh University. 
Greek. Logic. Philosophy. 
Ethics. Metaphysics. Ana- 
tomy. Law. Hebrew. Poets. 
French. Arithmetic. Geome- 
try. History and Geography, 
19; the Greek and Latin poets 
and verse composition, 21, 22, 
28 n. I, 30 n. I ; astronomy 
and meteorology, 2 1 

Tatham, Richard, rect. of Kirk- 
lington, 113, 218 

Tayler, 181 

Taylour, Francis, of Bedale, 218 

Tennant, M. R.'s cousin and 
nephew, 218; Margaret, ib. 

Tenth of estates devoted to cha- 
rity, 55 n. I, 112, 184 

Terence, difficult Latinist, 6, ill 

Thornton marries Frances Robin- 
son, 92 

Thornton, Thos., sen. fellow of 
St. John's, ejected, 119 

Thorold,* Edm., fell. St. John's, 

151 

Tichbume, Robt. lord, 180 
Tirwhit, Thos., sen. fellow of St. 
John's, ejected, 119 



236 



INDEX. 



''Tolerabiles ineptise," 74, 115, 
211 

Tompson, aid., 180 

Tomson, Maurice, 180 

Triers, 34 n. i 

Tuckney, Ant., 122 n. 3, 193 

Tutor and pupil, 16, 22, 23, 29, 
30, 98, 99; students declaim 
in tutors' chambers, loi 

Undergraduates, hoys, 32 n. i 
University, poor scholars main- 
tained at. See Scholars. 
Ussher, abp., his preaching, 71 

Vacations, not idled away, 10 1 

Venae lacteaB, 31, 103, 106, 107 

Vinck, t8i 

Viner, sir Thos., 180 

Virtues, the four cardinal, 5 n. 4 

Vitty, Henry, under-master of 
Burneston, 91 

Vitty, Richard, clerk and regis- 
trar of Burneston, 90 

Waddington, Henr., vie. of Bur- 
neston, 89 

Wales, schemes for promoting 
education in, 156, 162, 168, 
174, 186 

Walker, John, his Sufferings of 
the Clergy defective, 67 n. i 

Wallis, John, 34 n. i, 191 

Walton, Brian, 68 n. 2, but pro- 
bably Geo. Hall is meant. 

Wanley, Valentine, 180 

Warburton, H., coll. Emm., 155 n. 



»^ 



Warcopp, John, 93 ; of Gatenby, 

218, 219 
Ward, Seth, 191 
Warner, aid., 180 
WasteU, Eliz., 218 
Wastell, John, M. R.'s cousin, 

218 
Watson, 181 ij 

Watson, Eliz., of Aldbrough, 217 \ 
Webstre, Edw., fellow of St. 

John's, 36 n. 2 ♦ 
Whitaker, 181 
Whitchcot, Benj., 193, 200 
^Whitehall, the gallery, 49 
Widdrington, sir Hen., 202 
Widdrington, Hen., father and 

son, of Hertford, 202-208 
Widdrington, Mary, 204 
Widdrington, Patricius, 204 
Widdrington, Ralph, of Chees- 

thum Grange, 202 seq. 
Widdrington, Ralph, friend of 

M. R., 26, 196 seq. 
Widdrington, sir Thos., 203 
Wilkinson, Robt., 94 n. 
Williams, abp., caricature of, 19 n. 
Willis, Ann, 205 - 
Willis, John, 204, 205 
Wilson, Rd., vie. of Burneston, 

89 

Winterbume, fell. St. John's, 

149-151 
Wombwell, feU. St. John's, 149, 

Woodcocke, Thos., 193, 181 
Worthington, John, 158 
Wrightson, Michael, 216 



INDEX OF COLLEGES. 



• Cath. HalL (130-146). 
Arrowsmith. Bowles. Brown- 
rig. Buck. Coulson. Ellis. 
Knowles. Lothian. Lynford. 
Sibbs. Spurstowe. 

Christ's. 
Bainbridge. Bull. Cudwortb. 
Fenwick. Fuller. Hildersbam. 
Langley. More. NichoUs. 
Pepper. Randal. Reading. 
Robinson. Rust. Widdring- 
ton. Willis. 

Corjpus ChristL 
Hill (Thos.). 

Emmanuel. 
Bowles (Sam.). Church. Cra- 
dock. Dillingham. Holds - 
worth. Leigh. Worthington. 

Jesus. 
Hulme. 

King's. 
Collins. Molle. Whitchcot. 

Pemhroke. 
Andrewes. 

Queens'. 
Bowles (01, and Sam.). Dave- 



nant. Horton. Patrick. Pres- 
ton. Rud. 

St. John's. ■ 
AiTOWsmith. Ascham. Baker. 
Becher. Beresford. Blechden. 
Bodurda. Cawdrey. Chamber- 
laine. Clarke. Collier. D'Ewes. 
Downes. Elsley. Fairfax. 
Goodwin. Gower. Henman. 
Heron. Hill (Jos.). Hodges. 
Hutton. Longland. Master- 
son. Mowbray. Nevill. New- 
come. Paman. Pawson. Pea- 
chie. Robinson (John and 
Matt.). Salstonstall. Smelt. 
Stilhngfleet. Stoyte. Thorn- 
ton. Thorold. Tirwhit. Tuck- 
ney. Webstre. Williams. Win- 
terburne. Wombwell. 

Sidney. 
Micklethwaite. 

THnity. 
Arrowsmith. Crichton. Grey 
(Geo.). Herbert. Nevil. Shir- 
ley. 

Trinity Hall. 
Glisson. Grey (Zach.). 



GLOSSAEY (cf. pp. 84—86). 



Acquitt (acquitted), 69 
Alarum, verb, 15; noun, 18 1. i 
Ancient, 34 

Bandoliers, 18 n. 2 
Betrust, 160 
Bill, 39, 210 

Boys, i. e. undergraduates, 32 
n. I, 107 

Cautelous, 187 
Ciza, 20 n. 
Cockpit, 50 

Committ (committed), 68 
Compt, 50 
Concionalary, 37 
Confiding, 57 n. 3, 211 
Corrade, 28 

Depravedness, 177 
Ditiug, II n. 
Dividedly, 188 

Either, the, 217 
Elapses, 77 
Eminency, 4, 162, 270 
Equals = cequales, 6 n. i 
Errant (arrant), 54 



Exinanition, 62 

Firm pass, 14 
Fuels, 60 

Gingerly, 78 

Harry Sophister, 24 n. i 
Hummers, 15 

Indiffering, 74 

Lineal, 70 

Manage, noun, 68 

Messet spaniels, 51 n. i 

Mind, a month's, 9 n. 3, 96. 
See Petheram's note in his 
reprint of Hay any worke for 
Cooper? pp. 78, 79, who has 
anticipated both these quota- 
tions. 

Most notable of his fellows, 10 
n. 2 

Motion, verb, 9 n. 4 

Nick off, 6 

Night; that night day, 14 



GLOSSARY, 



239 



Out, to, 23 Tack, to hold, 6 n. '2 

Ten an table, 64 
Paradise, 4 Textman, textuary, 70 n. i 

Problem, to keep a, 99, 100, Trepan, 21 
lOI u. 



Pursevant, noun and verb, 23 

Kaparees, 13 n. 4 
Repetition, 63 n. 2 
Resent, 191 

Sabbath, to keep, 15 

Scottified, 13 

Sir, title of graduates, 29 n. 5 



Unmatchable, 163 
Ungroundedness, 192 

"Van couriers, 52 
Yividissection, 31 

Wigbts, 13 



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